A retrospective study of hospitalized pneumonia in two Polish counties (2006–2008)

WSTĘP: Dane dotyczące etiologii zapaleń płuc w Polsce są skąpe, a wyszczepialność szczepionką pneumokokową wśród osób w najmłodszej i najstarszej grupie wiekowej — nieznaczna. Celem prezentowanego badania była ocena leczonego szpitalnie zapalenia płuc we wszystkich grupach wiekowych w dwóch powiatach Polski.MATERIAŁ I METODY: W badaniu wykorzystano dane zawarte w elektronicznych szpitalnych bazach danych, dotyczące mieszkańców powiatów, hospitalizowanych w Szpitalach Powiatowych w Chrzanowie i Inowrocławiu w latach 2006–2008, z rozpoznaniem zapalenia płuc. Uzyskane wyniki: częstość hospitalizacji na 1000 osób, współczynnik śmiertelności w trakcie pobytu w szpitalu na 100 osób, mediana długości hospializacji, zgrupowano według roku przyjęcia, płci i wieku.WYNIKI: W Szpitalu Powiatowym w Chrzanowie stwierdzono 1444, a w Inowrocławiu 2956 przypadków hospitalizacji z niezależnymi epizodami zapalenia płuc. Częstość hospitalizacji wyniosła 3,76 (95% przedział ufności [CI]: 3,57;3,96) i 5,99 (95% CI: 5,77; 6,21) na 1000, odpowiednio dla powiatów chrzanowskiego i inowrocławskiego. W całej badanej grupie najwyższą częstość hospitalizacji obserwowano w grupie 0–4 lat (30,77 [95% CI: 29,06; 32,55]) oraz ≥ 75 lat (25,39 [95% CI: 24,01; 26,83]). Współczynnik śmiertelności w szpitalu w obu badanych ośrodkach wzrastał wraz z wiekiem. Mediana długości pobytu w szpitalu wyniosła 8 dni.WNIOSKI: Liczba hospitalizacji z powodu zapalenia płuc była znacząca, szczególnie w najmłodszej i najstarszej grupie wiekowej. Przyszłe działania opieki zdrowotnej skierowane do tych grup wiekowych mogą wpłynąć na zapadalność na zapalenie płuc oraz poprawić wyniki leczenia.INTRODUCTION: In Poland, multi-cause pneumonia is not well characterized, and there is limited pneumococcal vaccination in the youngest and oldest age groups. The goal of this study was to assess hospitalized pneumonia across all age groups in two Polish counties.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using electronic administrative databases, cases were identified as county residents hospitalized at Chrzanów and Inowrocław County Hospitals from 2006–2008, assigned a diagnosis of pneumonia. Calculations by admission year, sex, and age category were: hospitalization rates per 1000 persons; in-hospital mortality rates per 100 persons; and median length of stay (LOS).RESULTS: There were 1444 and 2956 hospitalizations for new episodes of pneumonia with rates of 3.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.57–3.96) and 5.99 (95% CI 5.77–6.21) per 1000 persons in Chrzanów and Inowrocław counties, respectively. In combined data, the highest hospitalization rate was among patients aged 0–4 years (30.77; 95% CI 29.06–32.55) followed by those aged ≥ 75 years (25.39; 95% CI 24.01–26.83). In-hospital mortality rates increased with age at both sites. The median LOS was 8 days.CONCLUSIONS: Pneumonia hospitalizations were substantial, especially for the youngest and oldest age groups. Future public health interventions aimed at these age groups might improve disease outlook

Prospective, population-based surveillance of the burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia in older adults, Chrzanów County, Poland, 2010 to 2012

INTRODUCTION: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality among older adults. This study estimated incidences of CAP, chest x-ray−confirmed CAP (CXR+CAP), S pneumonia- positive CAP, S pneumonia-positive CXR+CAP, and S. pneumoniae serotype distribution among 46,000 at-risk adults aged ≥ 50 years residing in Chrzanów County, Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2012, all facilities providing ambulatory and inpatient care enrolled all consenting resident patients with suspicion of CAP. Chest x-rays, urine, blood, and sputum samples were analyzed. Annualized incidence rates were determined. Presence of S pneumonia-positive CAP and/or S. pneumoniae serotype distribution was determined using the urine antigen detection assay (capable of detecting the serotypes in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV13]), BinaxNOW®, and/or microbiology cultures. RESULTS: Among 5055 enrolled patients, 1195 (23.7%) were diagnosed with CAP and 1166 (23.4%) had CXR+CAP. S. pneumoniae was detected in 144 (12.1%) and 131 (11.2%) patients from the CAP and CXR+CAP cohorts, respectively. Annualized incidence rates of CAP, CXR+CAP, S pneumonia-positive CAP, and S. pneumonia-positive CXR+CAP were 12.8, 12.5, 1.6, and 1.4 per 1000 residents, respectively. Among CXR+CAP patients, 39.7% were aged 50 to 64 years and 60.3% were aged ≥ 65 years. Incidence rates generally increased with age. The most common serotypes in S. pneumoniae-positive CXR+CAP patients were 3 (n = 15), 23F (n = 10), 18C (n = 9), and 9V (n = 6). CONCLUSIONS: CAP due to PCV13 serotypes is a source of morbidity among adults >50 years and may be reduced by greater access to pneumococcal vaccines.INTRODUCTION: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality among older adults. This study estimated incidences of CAP, chest x-ray−confirmed CAP (CXR+CAP), S pneumonia- positive CAP, S pneumonia-positive CXR+CAP, and S. pneumoniae serotype distribution among 46,000 at-risk adults aged ≥ 50 years residing in Chrzanów County, Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2012, all facilities providing ambulatory and inpatient care enrolled all consenting resident patients with suspicion of CAP. Chest x-rays, urine, blood, and sputum samples were analyzed. Annualized incidence rates were determined. Presence of S pneumonia-positive CAP and/or S. pneumoniae serotype distribution was determined using the urine antigen detection assay (capable of detecting the serotypes in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV13]), BinaxNOW®, and/or microbiology cultures. RESULTS: Among 5055 enrolled patients, 1195 (23.7%) were diagnosed with CAP and 1166 (23.4%) had CXR+CAP. S. pneumoniae was detected in 144 (12.1%) and 131 (11.2%) patients from the CAP and CXR+CAP cohorts, respectively. Annualized incidence rates of CAP, CXR+CAP, S pneumonia-positive CAP, and S. pneumonia-positive CXR+CAP were 12.8, 12.5, 1.6, and 1.4 per 1000 residents, respectively. Among CXR+CAP patients, 39.7% were aged 50 to 64 years and 60.3% were aged ≥ 65 years. Incidence rates generally increased with age. The most common serotypes in S. pneumoniae-positive CXR+CAP patients were 3 (n = 15), 23F (n = 10), 18C (n = 9), and 9V (n = 6). CONCLUSIONS: CAP due to PCV13 serotypes is a source of morbidity among adults >50 years and may be reduced by greater access to pneumococcal vaccines

33 Brachyterapia przy użyciu irydu 192 w leczeniu pierwotnych glejaków mózgu

W okresie od listopada 1996 do listopada 1999 w Oddziale Brachyterapii Regionalnego Centrum Onkologii w Bydgoszczy i w Klinice Neurochirurgii 10 Wojskowego Szpitala Klinicznego w Bydgoszczy leczono 57 pacjentów z pierwotnymi guzami glejopochodnymi mózgu przy użyciu brachyterapii z zastosowaniem izotopu irydu-192. Dokładnej analizie poddano 25 pacjentów, którzy odpowiedzieli na ankietę (9 – z gwiaździakiem II stopnia, 1 – ze skąpodrzewiakiem II stopnia, 4 – z gwiaździakiem III stopnia, 1 – ze skapodrzewiakogwiaździakiem IIIstopnia, 10 – z glejakiem wielopostaciowym). Spośród 25 pacjentów, którzy odpowiedzieli na ankietę zmarło 13. Średni okres obserwacji wyniósł 43 tygodni (max.−157 tyg., min.−2 tyg.). Średni okres poprawy wyniósł 23 tygodnie (od 0 do 104 tygodni). Średni okres przeżycia wyniósł 31 tygodni (od 2 do 146 tygodni). Autorzy analizują czynniki wpływające na czas przeżycia (takie jak wiek, stopień złośliwości histopatologicznej guza, połątczenie brachyterapii z teleradioterapią) oraz na podstawie własnych doświadczeń określają wskazania i przeciwwskazania

Ni–Zn hydroxide-based bi-phase multiscale porous nanohybrids : physico-chemical properties

Please read abstract in the article.The Algerian minister programhttps://link.springer.com/journal/132042020-05-25hj2020Physic

Association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposures in the workplace. We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. Methods We analysed cross-sectional data from 28 823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. We considered 11 occupations and grouped them by likelihood of exposure to organic dusts, inorganic dusts and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income. Results Overall, working in settings with potentially high exposure to dusts or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. The most common occupation was farming. Compared to people not working in any of the 11 considered occupations, those who were farmers for ≥20 years were more likely to have chronic cough (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.19–1.94), wheeze (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16–1.63) and dyspnoea (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.53–2.20), but not lower FVC (β=0.02 L, 95% CI −0.02–0.06 L) or lower FEV1/FVC (β=0.04%, 95% CI −0.49–0.58%). Some findings differed by sex and gross national income. Conclusion At a population level, the occupational exposures considered in this study do not appear to be major determinants of differences in lung function, although they are associated with more respiratory symptoms. Because not all work settings were included in this study, respiratory surveillance should still be encouraged among high-risk dusty and fume job workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries.publishedVersio

Cohort Profile: Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study was established to assess the prevalence of chronic airflow obstruction, a key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its risk factors in adults (≥40 years) from general populations across the world. The baseline study was conducted between 2003 and 2016, in 41 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, the Caribbean and Oceania, and collected high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry from 28 828 participants. The follow-up study was conducted between 2019 and 2021, in 18 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe and the Caribbean. At baseline, there were in these sites 12 502 participants with high-quality spirometry. A total of 6452 were followed up, with 5936 completing the study core questionnaire. Of these, 4044 also provided high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry. On both occasions, the core questionnaire covered information on respiratory symptoms, doctor diagnoses, health care use, medication use and ealth status, as well as potential risk factors. Information on occupation, environmental exposures and diet was also collected

Intraoperative CT verification of electrode localization in DBS surgery in Parkinson's disease

Background: Precise and accurate placement of electrodes in DBS surgery is essential in achievement of proper therapeutical effect in movement disorders. Verification of their position in the target is necessary. It can be performed postoperatively. But more convenient for the patient is an intraoperative CT imaging in the operating room. We evaluated the results of DBS electrodes implantation in patients with Parkinson's disease by intraoperative CT. Case series: 21 patients with Parkinson's disease were operated in 2010–2012 in the Military Clinical Hospital in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Standard procedure of electrode implantation was verified by intraoperative CT in operating room. CT scans were fused with preoperative MRI plan of target (STN) and trajectory and accuracy were assessed. Results: Mean differences between positions of tips of electrodes implanted and intended coordinates of targets were: 0.9 mm; 1.6 mm; and 0.8 mm in horizontal line, in vertical line, and in lateral line respectively and remain within the limits of the intraoperative CT resolution. In 1 case the accuracy was not satisfying and replacement of electrodes in one stage surgery was required. Conclusions: Intraoperative CT is a helpful tool in DBS procedures and enables comparison of preoperative plans with the final trajectory and localization of the tip of electrode visualized in CT in appropriate target. It eliminates necessity of post-op verification outside the operating room. All changes can be done during the procedure. It also allows to rule out the intracerebral haematoma caused by implantation

Tibial nerve stimulation with a miniature, wireless stimulator in chronic peripheral neuropathic pain

Paweł Sokal,1 Marek Harat,2 Piotr Zieliński,3 Sara Kierońska1 1Department of Neurosurgery, Military Research Hospital, Bydgoszcz, 2Department of Public Health, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, 3Department of Sports Medicine, University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland Abstract: Peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP) and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can be effectively treated with peripheral nerve stimulation. In this clinical trial report, effectiveness of novel, miniature, wirelessly controlled microstimulator of tibial nerve in PNP and CRPS was evaluated. In this pilot study the average preoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score in six patients was 7.5, with 1, 3 and 6 months: 2.6 (p=0.03), 1.6 (p=0.03), and 1.3 (p=0.02), respectively. The mean average score in the six patients a week preceding the baseline visit was 7.96, preceding the 1, 3 and 6 month visits: 3.32 (p=0.043), 3.65 (p=0.045), and 2.49 (p=0.002), respectively. The average short-form McGill pain score before surgery was 23.8, and after 1, 3 and 6 months it was 11.0 (p=0.45), 6.3 (p=0.043), and 4.5 (p=0.01), respectively. Applied therapy caused a reduction of pain immediately after its application and clinical improvement was sustained on a similar level in all patients for six months. No complications of the treatment were observed. Intermittent tibial nerve stimulation by using a novel, miniature, wirelessly controlled device can be effective and feasible in PNP and CRPS. It is a safe, minimally invasive, and convenient neuromodulative method. Keywords: tibial nerve stimulation, peripheral nerve stimulation, miniature stimulator, peripheral neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome&nbsp