Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dalam Memilih Jurusan SMA Menggunakan Model Yager

Banyak siswa yang akan melanjutkan sekolah ke jenjang SMA bingung untuk memilih jurusan. Hal ini disebabkan kebanyakan siswa belum sepenuhnya memahami mata pelajaran di tingkat SMA sehingga menyulitkan siswa untuk masuk ke jurusan sesuai dengan bakat, minat dan akademik masing-masing siswa. Sistem pendukung keputusan dengan menggunakan FMADM Model Yager dirancang dan dibangun sebagai pendukung keputusan pemilihan jurusan di tingkat SMA. Model Yager dipilih sebagai model analisis pemilihan jurusan di tingkat SMA dikarenakan mampu menunjukkan tingkat kepentingan antar kriteria, dan memberikan kemudahan dalam proses perangkingan sehingga sistem ini dapat membantu siswa dalam memilih jurusan. Sistem ini dirancang dengan menggunakan PHP dan pembuatan database menggunakan MySQL. Pada Tugas Akhir ini, diasumsikan kriteria yang digunakan oleh lembaga Psikologi sama dengan kriteria yang digunakan oleh sistem. Hasil penjurusan yang telah dilakukan oleh sistem hampir mendekati saran penjurusan yang dilakukan oleh lembaga Psikologi. Hal ini berdasarkan data siswa yang digunakan dalam penelitian yang berjumlah 99 siswa diperoleh 72 siswa yang hasilnya sama dengan hasil saran yang diberikan lembaga Psikologi

Numerical Investigation of Velocity Profile in Hydraulic Jump Stilling Basin with VOF

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Treatment with specific and pan-plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) inhibitors reduces malaria parasite growth in vitro and in vivo

BACKGROUND: Rapid emergence of Plasmodium resistance to anti-malarial drug mainstays has driven a continual effort to discover novel drugs that target different biochemical pathway (s) during infection. Plasma membrane Calcium + 2 ATPase (PMCA4), a novel plasma membrane protein that regulates Calcium levels in various cells, namely red blood cell (RBC), endothelial cell and platelets, represents a new biochemical pathway that may interfere with susceptibility to malaria and/or severe malaria. METHODS: This study identified several pharmacological inhibitors of PMCA4, namely ATA and Resveratrol, and tested for their anti-malarial activities in vitro and in vivo using the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain, the Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain, and Plasmodium yoelii 17XL strain as model. RESULTS: In vitro propagation of P. falciparum 3D7 strain in the presence of a wide concentration range of the inhibitors revealed that the parasite growth was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, with IC(50)s at 634 and 0.231 µM, respectively. RESULTS: The results confirmed that both compounds exhibit moderate to potent anti-malarial activities with the strongest parasite growth inhibition shown by resveratrol at 0.231 µM. In vivo models using P. berghei ANKA for experimental cerebral malaria and P. yoelii 17XL for the effect on parasite growth, showed that the highest dose of ATA, 30 mg/kg BW, increased survival of the mice. Likewise, resveratrol inhibited the parasite growth following 4 days intraperitoneal injection at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the PMCA4 of the human host may be a potential target for novel anti-malarials, either as single drug or in combination with the currently available effective anti-malarials

Seroprevalensi Antibodi Newcastle Disease (ND) pada Itik di Desa Temuasri, Sempu, Banyuwangi

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi titer antibodi ND pada itik di Desa Temuasri Kecamatan Sempu Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Deteksi antibodi ND diperiksa dengan uji Hemaglutinasi (HA) dan Hambatan Hemaglutinasi (HI). Penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian non-eksperimental dengan metode survei deskriptif. Kegiatan penelitian ini mengambil 72 sampel darah itik di Desa Temuasri Kecamatan Sempu Kabupaten Banyuwangi dengan metode cross-sectional. Serum dipisahkan dari bekuan darah, kemudian serum dipindahkan ke dalam microtube. Sebelum melakukan uji HA dan uji HI, sampel harus diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan Red Blood Cell (RBC) 100% dan diinaktifasi ke dalam waterbath pada 56oC selama 30 menit, tujuannya untuk menghilangkan aglutinin non-spesifik dan menonaktifkan reaksi non-spesifik serum. Uji HI positif ketika menunjukkan pengendapan eritrosit berbentuk titik pada dasar sumuran micoplate. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 20 (27.77%) dari 72 sampel positif ND

Substance use and its predictors among undergraduate medical students of Addis Ababa University in Ethiopia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Substance use remains high among Ethiopian youth and young adolescents particularly in high schools and colleges. The use of alcohol, <it>khat </it>and tobacco by college and university students can be harmful; leading to decreased academic performance, increased risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. However, the magnitude of substance use and the factors associated with it has not been investigated among medical students in the country. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of substance use and identify factors that influenced the behavior among undergraduate medical students of Addis Ababa University in Ethiopia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional study using a pre-tested structured self-administered quantitative questionnaire was conducted in June 2009 among 622 medical students (Year I to Internship program) at the School of Medicine. The data were entered into Epi Info version 6.04d and analyzed using SPSS version 15 software program. Descriptive statistics were used for data summarization and presentation. Differences in proportions were compared for significance using Chi Square test, with significance level set at p < 0.05. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the magnitude of associations between substance use and socio-demographic and behavioral correlates.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the last 12 months, alcohol was consumed by 22% (25% males vs. 14% females, p = 0.002) and <it>khat </it>use was reported by 7% (9% males vs. 1.5% females, p < 0.001) of the students. About 9% of the respondents (10.6% males vs. 4.6% females, p = 0.014) reported ever use of cigarette smoking, and 1.8% were found to be current smokers. Using multiple logistic regression models, being male was strongly associated with alcohol use in the last 12 months (adjusted OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.22-3.76). Students whose friends currently consume alcohol were more likely to consume alcohol (adjusted OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.50-4.08) and whose friends' use tobacco more likely to smoke (adjusted OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.83-8.30). <it>Khat </it>use within the past 12 months was strongly and positively associated with alcohol consumption (adjusted OR = 15.11, 95% CI = 4.24-53.91). Similarly, ever use of cigarette was also significantly associated with alcohol consumption (adjusted OR = 8.65, 95% CI = 3.48-21.50).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Concordant use of alcohol, <it>khat </it>and tobacco is observed and exposure to friends' use of substances is often implicated. Alcohol consumption or <it>khat </it>use has been significantly associated with tobacco use. While the findings of this study suggest that substance use among the medical students was not alarming, but its trend increased among students from Year I to Internship program. The university must be vigilant in monitoring and educating the students about the consequences of substance use.</p

Factors related to knowledge and perception of women about smoking: a cross sectional study from a developing country

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Smoking rates among women are currently low, but they are the fastest growing segment of cigarette smoking population in developing countries. We aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions towards smoking and to identify the factors related with level of knowledge and perceptions among adult women in urban slums.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a cross sectional study conducted on 250 adult (≥18 years of age) women attending primary care clinics in three slums of Karachi, Pakistan. A pre-tested and structured, interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Factors associated with level of understanding about smoking were analyzed with chi-square test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Most of the women knew that smoking has adverse effects on women and children's health but the knowledge of specific health effects was limited. About one third of the women knew that active smoking can cause lung disease, but only a small percentage (7%) knew that it could lead to heart disease. None of the women were aware that smoking contributes to infertility and osteoporosis. A small proportion of women were aware that smoking can lead to low birth weight (7%), congenital anomalies (5%) and less than 1% of women knew that it contributes to pregnancy loss, still birth and preterm delivery. The understanding of passive smoking affecting children's lung was low (20%) and a similar proportion voiced concern about the bad influence of maternal smoking on children. Educated women had better knowledge of health effects of smoking. Education was associated with having better knowledge about effects on women health in general (p = 0.02) and specific effects like lung (p = 0.03) and reproductive health effects (p < 0.001). Education was also associated with knowledge regarding effects on fetus (p < 0.001) and children (p < 0.005). Although most of the women disliked being around smokers, more than one third thought that smoking decreases boredom (39%), tension (38%) and also helps to relax (40%). A large proportion (48%) of women had the misconception that smoking helps to reduce weight.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study reveals that women are aware of the general ill effects of smoking but fail to identify smoking to be associated with female maladies particularly those who were illiterate and had lower levels of education. Understanding and attitudes needs to be improved by increasing health awareness and education of women in these urban communities with special emphasis on the effects of smoking on women's health.</p