Young Adults’ Previous Experience of Self-Harm in the Context of School Bullying: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

This qualitative study explores the lived experience of previous self-harm in the context of school bullying. Based on semi-structured interviews conducted with a purposive sample of seven young adults, the study uses Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to investigate the specific meaning attributed by participants to their own experiences. Four superordinate themes emerge from the data: dealing with rejection; expressing self-hatred; screaming alone and in silence; and taking back the pain. Participants in this study give meaning to their self-harm in the context of bullying as a way of physically expressing both negative interpersonal and intrapersonal dynamics. Lack of belongingness; perceptions of unsupportiveness and invalidation from others; strong tendencies to withdraw and keep struggles hidden; intense self-hatred and desire to punish the self; and a need to escape and seek distraction, characterise participants’ understandings of their experience. This study adds support to the affect regulation theory of the relationship between bullying and self-harm; raises awareness that loneliness is a central mediator in this relationship; and strengthens the understanding that unsettling school environments are critical in adolescents’ bullying and self-harming. As the first qualitative study the author has come across on the subject, it reveals participants’ accounts that self-harm, whilst in many ways hurtful, is a way of escaping from the bullying-related pain, and that no theory can, by itself, explain the complex functions of self-harm within this context. The findings of this study can be useful for future research and can hopefully have beneficial implications for the practice of Counselling Psychology

Assessing symmetry of financial returns series

Testing symmetry of a probability distribution is a common question arising from applications in several fields. Particularly, in the study of observables used in the analysis of stock market index variations, the question of symmetry has not been fully investigated by means of statistical procedures. In this work a distribution-free test statistic Tn for testing symmetry, derived by Einmahl and McKeague, based on the empirical likelihood approach, is used to address the study of symmetry of financial returns. The asymptotic points of the test statistic Tn are also calculated and a procedure for assessing symmetry for the analysis of the returns of stock market indices is presented.Comment: Econophysics paper. 6 pages 2 figure

A vueltas con agencia moral: una perspectiva crítica

As a primary aim, in this article is done an approximation to the question about moral agency and some related aspects on its application. At first, it is raised the concepts of moral agency and moral community, and the requirements to be a moral agent. Then, it is analyzed the environment on which agents act and matters regarding to sense of recognition that agents can develop in this context. Also, it is examined the different kind of actions, intentions and its morality. Finally, it is pointed out some superficial traces about moral agency and collective action, and a possible way to show a moral collective agency

Agencia moral corporativa. Un concepto integrador

Dissetenes Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2012)El objetivo del presente artículo es crear un concepto integrador de agencia moral corporativa, a partir de la analogía con la agencia moral individual, vinculado con tres propuestas colectivistas que serán examinadas y constituirán la base de nuestro concepto. La elaboración de este concepto integrador de agencia moral responde a una doble finalidad ulterior: por un lado, fundamentar el deber de las empresas de responder ante la comunidad moral, y con ello facilitar para futuras investigaciones la construcción de una noción de engagement ético. La metodología utilizada es de naturaleza teórica-cognoscitiva, desarrollada argumentativamente. En la primera parte se analizan las tres tesis colectivistas fundamentales de la agencia moral corporativa. En la segunda sección se exponen las replicas a dichas tesis y algunos puntos en contra de la responsabilidad de la empresas. En la tercera parte se ofrece una propuesta propia de agencia moral corporativa. Por último se hace una revisión de todos los puntos mencionados presentada a manera de conclusiones.The aim of this article is to create an inclusive concept corporate moral agency , from the analogy with moral agency Single , linked with three proposals to be collectivist reviewed and form the basis of our concept. The development of this integrative concept of moral agency serves a dual ulterior purpose : first , the duty to inform businesses respond to the moral community , and thereby to facilitate future research building a notion of ethical engagement . the methodology is theoretical - cognitive nature , developed argumentatively . The first part discusses the three theses fundamental collectivist corporate moral agency . in the second section to such replicas thesis and some points are set against the liability of the companies. In the third part offers its own proposal of corporate moral agency . Finally offers an overview of all the points presented by way conclusions

Critical Review of Ethnographic Reports

This is an unpublished paper.In this paper, I compare and contrast the approaches of three ethnographers to give some idea of the range of possible reporting styles one can find. The texts I analyzed are The Man in the Principal’s Office, by Harry F. Wolcott, Street Corner Society, by William Foote Whyte, and The Color of Strangers, the Color of Friends, by Alan Peshkin. I compared five aspects of these three ethnographic reports, which I explained in detail as I discussed them: (1) the texture of description, (2) the roles and activities of the researcher, (3) the adequacy of evidence reported, (4) the texture of authorial voice in the report, and (5) the social theory perspective of the author. I covered each point independently, discussing all three texts together under each point