Comportamento de chamamento de Thelosia camina Schaus (Lepidoptera: Eupterotidae).

Resumo

Differential cellular FGF-2 upregulation in the rat facial nucleus following axotomy, functional electrical stimulation and corticosterone: a possible therapeutic target to Bell's palsy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The etiology of Bell's palsy can vary but anterograde axonal degeneration may delay spontaneous functional recovery leading the necessity of therapeutic interventions. Corticotherapy and/or complementary rehabilitation interventions have been employed. Thus the natural history of the disease reports to a neurotrophic resistance of adult facial motoneurons leading a favorable evolution however the related molecular mechanisms that might be therapeutically addressed in the resistant cases are not known. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) pathway signaling is a potential candidate for therapeutic development because its role on wound repair and autocrine/paracrine trophic mechanisms in the lesioned nervous system.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Adult rats received unilateral facial nerve crush, transection with amputation of nerve branches, or sham operation. Other group of unlesioned rats received a daily functional electrical stimulation in the levator labii superioris muscle (1 mA, 30 Hz, square wave) or systemic corticosterone (10 mgkg^-1). Animals were sacrificed seven days later.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Crush and transection lesions promoted no changes in the number of neurons but increased the neurofilament in the neuronal neuropil of axotomized facial nuclei. Axotomy also elevated the number of GFAP astrocytes (143% after crush; 277% after transection) and nuclear FGF-2 (57% after transection) in astrocytes (confirmed by two-color immunoperoxidase) in the ipsilateral facial nucleus. Image analysis reveled that a seven days functional electrical stimulation or corticosterone led to elevations of FGF-2 in the cytoplasm of neurons and in the nucleus of reactive astrocytes, respectively, without astrocytic reaction.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>FGF-2 may exert paracrine/autocrine trophic actions in the facial nucleus and may be relevant as a therapeutic target to Bell's palsy.</p

Morphological description of the sex pheromone gland of helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: noctuidae).

Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-10T01:07:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017morphologicaldescriptionofthesexpheromoneglandofhelicoverpa.pdf: 336157 bytes, checksum: 99e796440494964da3722aa7a3b6d37b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-09bitstream/item/176573/1/2017-morphological-description-of-the-sex-pheromone-gland-of-helicoverpa.pd

Os desafios no controle da grafolita e da lagarta-enroladeira da maçã com confundimento sexual.

Substâncias químicas que mediam a comunicação entre organismos são denominadas semioquímicos. Feromônios são semioquímicos que possibilitam a comunicação entre indivíduos da mesma espécie e são atóxicos ao meio ambiente e aos seres vivos. Feromônios de insetos, especialmente dos lepidópteros, são objetos de muitos estudos. Os feromônios sexuais de lepidópteros são amplamente utilizados para detectar e monitorar a ocorrência de espécies economicamente importantes. Também podem ser usados para controlar insetos, através do método de confundimento de machos (ou confusão sexual) e atrai-e-mata. Embora o método de confusão sexual de machos seja conhecido, ele não é facilmente implementado pois controla apenas uma espécie e requer uma série de cuidados especiais. Isso quer dizer que, para cada nova espécie e ambiente, são necessários novos estudos para verificar sua eficiência.bitstream/item/200458/1/10005-2008-p.6-7.pd

Assortative Mating between European Corn Borer Pheromone Races: Beyond Assortative Meeting

BACKGROUND: Sex pheromone communication systems may be a major force driving moth speciation by causing behavioral reproductive isolation via assortative meeting of conspecific individuals. The 'E' and 'Z' pheromone races of the European corn borer (ECB) are a textbook example in this respect. 'Z' females produce and 'Z' males preferentially respond to a 'Z' pheromone blend, while the 'E' race communicates via an 'E' blend. Both races do not freely hybridize in nature and their populations are genetically differentiated. A straightforward explanation would be that their reproductive isolation is a mere consequence of "assortative meeting" resulting from their different pheromones specifically attracting males towards same-race females at long range. However, previous laboratory experiments and those performed here show that even when moths are paired in a small box - i.e., when the meeting between sexual partners is forced - inter-race couples still have a lower mating success than intra-race ones. Hence, either the difference in attractivity of E vs. Z pheromones for males of either race still holds at short distance or the reproductive isolation between E and Z moths may not only be favoured by assortative meeting, but must also result from an additional mechanism ensuring significant assortative mating at close range. Here, we test whether this close-range mechanism is linked to the E/Z female sex pheromone communication system. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using crosses and backcrosses of E and Z strains, we found no difference in mating success between full-sisters emitting different sex pheromones. Conversely, the mating success of females with identical pheromone types but different coefficients of relatedness to the two parental strains was significantly different, and was higher when their genetic background was closer to that of their male partner's pheromone race. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that the close-range mechanism ensuring assortative mating between the E and Z ECB pheromone races is unrelated to the difference in female sex pheromone. Although the nature of this mechanism remains elusive, our results show that it is expressed in females, acts at close range, segregates independently of the autosome carrying Pher and of both sex chromosomes, and is widely distributed since it occurs both in France and in the US