INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM AGAINST REVOLVING FUND OF BUM DESA BERSAMA KALIDAWIR (ANALYSIS OF SHARIA ECONOMY)

Internal control over revolving funds that are not used according to the needs of the debtor and internal control if revolving funds still exist but are not used for group revolving. This internal control is to avoid fraud or embezzlement of BUM Desa Bersama Kalidawir funds. So that revolving funds are used as portions. Private and public institutions always have procedures in carrying out every activity. Likewise, BUM Desa Bersama Kalidawir has a procedure in carrying out an internal control system for revolving funds

Physical Characterization of Modified Asphalt Binder with Differing Fly Ash Geopolymer Contents

Nowadays, the use of waste material product has gained popularity in the production of asphalt mixes and becomes a cost-effective method of pavement construction that can decrease the consumption of natural resources and to reduce environmental pollution. This research aimed to investigate the possibility of using waste and by-product material namely fly ash geopolymer additive to influence the physical properties of asphalt binder. An experimental matrix of laboratory testing was conducted to study the properties of the 60/70 and 80/100 asphalt binder with modified binder containing 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% and 11% of fly ash geopolymer additive. The physical properties of the binders were determined using the penetration, softening, penetration index, ductility, and rotational viscosity respectively. The results indicated that, the fly ash geopolymer modified binder had improved the physical properties over base binder. The thermal susceptibility also improved by referring to the Penetration Index value. Overall research conclusions are that geopolymer application resulted in a potential enhancement of some of the properties of the asphalt binder and increase the performance of asphalt binder in the pavement application

Effect of Mixing Fine Sand on the Drained Shear Strength of Completely Decomposed Granite Soil.

Experimental test results presented in this paper were from a series of triaxial compression tests studied under drained conditions for Completely Decomposed Granite (CDG) soil mixed with fine sand content of (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%). The CDG soil showed high compressibility during isotropic consolidation, probably due to the use of the moist tamping method and the effect of weathering degree on the soil structure. The tests results produced a unique Critical State Line (CSL) in the e-lnp plane, and these lines were parallel for each mixture and moved downward with increasing fine sand content. The fine sand content, at which the intergranular void ratio of the CDG-fine sand mixture became equal to emax for plain CDG soil, was named as Transition Fine Sand Content (TFSC), which occurred at 20-30% fine sand content. Normalization of the critical state stresses showed that for the samples with low P/Pc between 0.58 and 0.65 (i.e. the CDG soil mixed with fine sand), the stress paths moved directly towards the critical state without passing through the boundary surface of the soil mixture, which revealed the impact of the fine sand addition to the CDG soil structure, reflecting an improvement in the soil strength behavior by developing a strong interlocking among the particles of the mixture. It was also observed that a small portion of stress paths could pass through the boundary of Hvorslev surface in the case of low fine sand content (≤ 10 %) and the boundary of Hvorslev surface observed clearly in the case of plain CDG soil. The friction angle increased at steady state from 28- 32.6, and the cohesion decreased from 15 to 8.3 kN/m2 with increasing fine sand content. A comparison of critical state parameters and strength properties between weathered granite CDG soil from Malaysia and Hong Kong were also made and summarized in this study

Physical Characterization of Modified Asphalt Binder with Differing Fly Ash Geopolymer Contents

Nowadays, the use of waste material product has gained popularity in the production of asphalt mixes and becomes a cost-effective method of pavement construction that can decrease the consumption of natural resources and to reduce environmental pollution. This research aimed to investigate the possibility of using waste and by-product material namely fly ash geopolymer additive to influence the physical properties of asphalt binder. An experimental matrix of laboratory testing was conducted to study the properties of the 60/70 and 80/100 asphalt binder with modified binder containing 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% and 11% of fly ash geopolymer additive. The physical properties of the binders were determined using the penetration, softening, penetration index, ductility, and rotational viscosity respectively. The results indicated that, the fly ash geopolymer modified binder had improved the physical properties over base binder. The thermal susceptibility also improved by referring to the Penetration Index value. Overall research conclusions are that geopolymer application resulted in a potential enhancement of some of the properties of the asphalt binder and increase the performance of asphalt binder in the pavement application

Dynamic Creep Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture Incorporating Fibre

Permanent deformation is one of the distress that develops gradually as the number of load applications increases and appears as longitudinal depressions in the wheel paths and small upheavals to the sides. For this reason, numerous studies conducted on modification asphalt binder or mixture by various fibre. This paper presents the evaluation of creep modulus and permanent deformation of modified asphalt mixture with fibres. In order to envisage the modified asphalt mixture, Forta-fi, Kenaf and PET was blended to estimate the creep properties and rut depth value at different loading pattern. Superpave mix design method was employed with NMAS 12.5mm to obtain the optimum bitumen content established at 4% air void. In the respect, bitumen 60/70 penetration grade with 0.5% of Forta-Fi, 0.1% Kenaf fibre and 0.5% PET by weight of asphalt mixture were prepared. Dynamic Creep Test was performed in accordance to the EN 12697-25:2005 guidelines using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). As the result, the minimum value of permanent deformation was found at 0.5% of PET. Based on these studies, adding a minimum percent of PET in the asphalt mixture shows a better resistance to rutting deformation and enable a better understanding of the properties in modified asphalt mixtures

Dynamic Creep Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture Incorporating Fibre

Permanent deformation is one of the distress that develops gradually as the number of load applications increases and appears as longitudinal depressions in the wheel paths and small upheavals to the sides. For this reason, numerous studies conducted on modification asphalt binder or mixture by various fibre. This paper presents the evaluation of creep modulus and permanent deformation of modified asphalt mixture with fibres. In order to envisage the modified asphalt mixture, Forta-fi, Kenaf and PET was blended to estimate the creep properties and rut depth value at different loading pattern. Superpave mix design method was employed with NMAS 12.5mm to obtain the optimum bitumen content established at 4% air void. In the respect, bitumen 60/70 penetration grade with 0.5% of Forta-Fi, 0.1% Kenaf fibre and 0.5% PET by weight of asphalt mixture were prepared. Dynamic Creep Test was performed in accordance to the EN 12697-25:2005 guidelines using the Universal Testing Machine (UTM). As the result, the minimum value of permanent deformation was found at 0.5% of PET. Based on these studies, adding a minimum percent of PET in the asphalt mixture shows a better resistance to rutting deformation and enable a better understanding of the properties in modified asphalt mixtures

Evaluating The Effects of Signal Control Applications on Roundabout’s LOS Performance Using VISSIM Microsimulation Model

The existence of unbalanced and high traffic flows at roundabout have resulted in poor performance and safety concerns. Past research has shown that applications of signal control at problematic roundabouts had significantly improved its Level of Service (LOS) performance. This study investigates the effects of different signal phasing plans on the roundabout’s LOS performance using VISSIM microsimulation model. The findings revealed that both Approach-Signal-Control Roundabout ACSR and Two-Stop-Line Control Signalized Roundabout TSLSR signal phasing methods did not significantly improve the roundabout’s entry capacities. Partial signal control applications, however, have resulted in a significant reduction in vehicle delays and higher entry capacities. The results of this study provide a good overview to local traffic practitioners on how to evaluate and implement the signal control strategy at problematic roundabouts. &nbsp

Evaluating The Effects of Signal Control Applications on Roundabout’s LOS Performance Using VISSIM Microsimulation Model

The existence of unbalanced and high traffic flows at roundabout have resulted in poor performance and safety concerns. Past research has shown that applications of signal control at problematic roundabouts had significantly improved its Level of Service (LOS) performance. This study investigates the effects of different signal phasing plans on the roundabout’s LOS performance using VISSIM microsimulation model. The findings revealed that both Approach-Signal-Control Roundabout ACSR and Two-Stop-Line Control Signalized Roundabout TSLSR signal phasing methods did not significantly improve the roundabout’s entry capacities. Partial signal control applications, however, have resulted in a significant reduction in vehicle delays and higher entry capacities. The results of this study provide a good overview to local traffic practitioners on how to evaluate and implement the signal control strategy at problematic roundabouts. &nbsp

Electroosmotic phenomena in organic soils

Organic soils or peat represent an accumulation of disintegrated plant remains which have been preserved under condition of incomplete aeration and high water content. In order to develop a fundamental understanding of electroosmotic phenomena in peat, initially microelectrophoresis studies were carried out to conceptualize the electrokinetic phenomena. Then electroosmosis experiments were conducted on rigid cube samples containing 0.0001 M NaCl-water saturated peat. The open-anode and open-cathode systems were employed to the soil samples. Distilled Water (DW) were used as anolyte and catholyte. The experiments were carried out via applications of diffrent DC electrical potentials. The results of microelectrophoresis study showed changes of zeta potential due to the effect of HCl and NaOH. The correlations between zeta potential and pH were found. The negative charge of peat is high pH dependent and the surface charge was dropped to zero at pH around 3. The high degree of decomposition resulted in the higher zeta potential in peat. It was also experimentally found that the electroosmotic flow in peat is feasible. The direction of electroosmotic flows were from the anode to cathode