How long does depression at cancer diagnosis affect a patient’s health?

Social and Behavioral Sciences; Social Work; Law: 2nd Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Graduate Research Forum)PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Many breast cancer patients report depressive symptoms at diagnosis. Although depressive symptoms improve, it is unknown whether women fully recover into the survivorship years, as previous studies have been cross-sectional or only short-term. RESEARCH METHOD: Breast cancer patients were accrued following surgery and prior to adjuvant therapy (baseline) and then followed for 5 years. Measures of psychological and physical functioning (both patient and nurse-rated) were used. Baseline CES-D scores (11-item version) were used to classify patients as clinically depressed (scores > 10; n = 45; DEP) or non-depressed (scores .12). The psychological trajectories--depressive symptoms (CES-D), stress (IES), and quality of life (SF-36 mental and physical components)--were of similar form. Across outcomes, the DEP group had poorer functioning at baseline (ps .39). IMPLICATIONS: Significant depressive symptomatology at cancer diagnosis portends impaired functioning for years. For such individuals, physical symptoms remain significantly elevated through 12 months, and poorer quality of life and high levels of cancer-specific stress extend for another year. Only after 2 years do women depressed at diagnosis appear to attain a level of recovery similar to that of those not depressed at diagnosis. Thus, interventions are needed for patients vulnerable to slowed physical and psychological recovery from cancer.A five-year embargo was granted for this item

Selective labeling of peptides, metalloproteins, and proteolytic enzymes with Pt(II) complexes and electron-transfer reactions of native and cross-linked metalloproteins

The transition-metal complex (Pt(trpy)Cl) [superscript]+ selectively labels the amino acids Cys and His, but is unreactive toward Met. The (Pt(trpy)Cl) [superscript]+ complex also forms complexes with nonbiological ligands to form novel compounds with metal-metal or [pi]-[pi] interactions;The homologous gold reagent, (Au(trpy)Cl) [superscript]2+ reacts with Trp, Cys, His, and Met. The oxidative properties of the gold complex makes it an invasive reagent toward proteins, however;In reactions with proteins, the complex (Pt(trpy)Cl) [superscript]+ exhibits unexpected selectivity toward amino acid side chains in cytochromes c. His residues are labeled in greater yield than the Cys residues. The Pr(trpy)[superscript]2+ tags are stable and are easily detected and quantitated. The new reagent does not alter the structural and redox properties of the cytochromes c;Subsequent research involves modification of the active sites of serine and sulfhydryl proteases with (Pt(trpy)Cl) [superscript]+. Although the tagging modifies the catalytic triad and disrupts the charge relay, the platinated enzymes retain significant activity for substrates. The (Pt(trpy)Cl) [superscript]+ complex labels both Cys and His residues in papain. Selective removal of these tags with judiciously chosen nucleophiles provides a new approach for site-selective modification of proteins;Cyt c was also modified with the negatively charged complex (Pt(sbpaphy)Cl) [superscript]-. The yield of protein derivatives is low compared with (Pt(trpy)Cl) [superscript]+ derivatives;Electron-transfer between covalently tethered cyt c and pc is investigated. The tethers prohibit surface diffusion of the proteins and therefore prohibit a productive electron-transfer complex from forming. Rates of electron transfer between the heterodimeric proteins and a third, free, monomeric protein provide an empirical approach for understanding how the 2 proteins are cross-linked and why they cannot participate in intracomplex electron transfer;Methylene blue has long been known to be a photoreductant, but its reactions with biomolecules have not been quantitated. Rates of reaction of methylene blue and derivatives of methylene blue with cyt c are measured

Role Strains and Mood in Husbands of Women with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Test of the Stress Process Model

Spouses of patients experience role strains as a result of informal caregiving, which has been associated with mood in numerous research studies. However, most research is on female caregivers, and little is known about the experience of male spouses, or of the caregiving provided to fibromyalgia patients. The Stress Process Model was used to examine mediators and moderators of the relation between role strain and mood among 135 husbands of women with fibromyalgia. Results indicated that the more activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living performed by the husband, the greater the role strain. Role strain was associated with worse mood. A test of the Stress Process Model supported a partial mediation model, where social support and emotion-focused coping partially mediated the relation between role strain and mood. No evidence was found for a moderation model or for problem-focused coping as a mediator. Our research suggests significant impairment and caregiving needs among this patient population, which in turn relates to the mood of the husband who is also an informal caregiver. Our findings also support the Stress Process Model in explaining the complexity of caregiving effects. The results of the study suggest avenues for intervention for individuals strained by their partners’ illness

Colectomy averted: A successful case report of Fidaxomicin administration through a loop ileostomy for fulminant, Clostridioides difficile infection

Clostridioides difficile infection is considered an urgent public health threat by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recent practice guidelines recommend either vancomycin or fidaxomicin for an initial episode of C. difficile infection and further recommend a subtotal colectomy in severe cases. There are limited data discussing novel approaches for fidaxomicin administration in severe C. difficile infection to avert colectomy. We describe an off-label route of fidaxomicin administration through a loop ileostomy twice daily with successful outcome

Tsunamigenic Splay Faults Imply a Long‐Term Asperity in Southern Prince William Sound, Alaska

Coseismic slip partitioning and uplift over multiple earthquake cycles is critical to understanding upper‐plate fault development. Bathymetric and seismic reflection data from the 1964 Mw9.2 Great Alaska earthquake rupture area reveal sea floor scarps along the tsunamigenic Patton Bay/Cape Cleare/Middleton Island fault system. The faults splay from a megathrust where duplexing and underplating produced rapid exhumation. Trenchward of the duplex region, the faults produce a complex deformation pattern from oblique, south‐directed shortening at the Yakutat‐Pacific plate boundary. Spatial and temporal fault patterns suggest that Holocene megathrust earthquakes had similar relative motions and thus similar tsunami sources as in 1964. Tsunamis during future earthquakes will likely produce similar run‐up patterns and travel times. Splay fault surface expressions thus relate to plate boundary conditions, indicating millennial‐scale persistence of this asperity. We suggest structure of the subducted slab directly influences splay fault and tsunami generation landward of the frontal subduction zone prism