Impact of Colours of FMCG Packaging on Consumer buying Behavior

Colour influences human perceptions and invokes feelings and emotions in them. Around the globe, the meaning of colours changes according to cultures, places, traditions and other demographics. Colour preferences develop in humans from a very young age and change with age. Different colours have different emotions associated with them. Warm colours tend to increase arousal than cool colours. Colour is an important factor as far as branding is considered. The packaging colours of products speak for the product itself. Different products have stereotypical colours associated with them. Colours of FMCG product which are mostly bought on impulse based need to call out for customers. In this research, we have studied how colour influences the buying behavior of the consumers. Through this research, the colours tend to influence consumers based on different age groups has also been studied. This study can be used as an essential tool for FMCG businesses to increase the reach of their products among customers

Evaluation of nephroprotective effect of Bryonia lacinosa on streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rats

Background: Ayurvedic literature indicated use of Bryonia laciniosa (BL) for metabolic abnormalities. However only one study evaluated Bryonia laciniosa seed ethanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats and was found to have anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. The authors looked at the renal function test in addition and found that it prevents deterioration of renal function in rats. Hence it was interesting to find if Bryonia laciniosa had any protective action in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rats.Methods: Streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy model in wistar rats was standardised in phase 1. In phase 2 animals were divided into 4 groups and diabetic nephropathy was induce with STZ. Vehicle Control group animals received CMC 0.5%, Positive control group received enalapril 5 mg/kg, Test group 1 received ethanolic extract of Bryonia laciniosa (EEBL) 250 mg/kg and Test group 2 received (EEBL) 500 mg/kg from 3rd day onwards till 6 weeks. Renal function, morphology and histopthological changes were evaluated.Results: There was a significant reduction (p <0.001) in the serum creatinine and BUN in both low and high dose EEBL groups. High dose of EEBL lowered raised MDA values significantly (p<0.001) and raised the GSH values (p<0.001). On histopathology, the high dose EEBL reversed nephropathic changes which were equivalent to enalapril.Conclusions: Bryonia lacinosa in high doses 500 mg/kg has potential to reverse diabetic nephropathic changes induced in wistar rats

The Effects of Dance-Based Exercise on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

Regular physical activity is widely recommended and has many benefits for older adults to maintain health and physical fitness. The excellent exercise program in older adults should include crucial components such as physical fitness and cognitive function. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of dance-based exercise training compared with traditional chair-based exercise on body composition, physical fitness, and cognitive function in the older adults. METHODS: Fourteen older adults (female: 11, male: 3), aged 71.2±8.0 years, were assigned into two groups: dance-based exercise (DE; n=8) and traditional chair-based exercise (TE; n=6). Both forms of exercise training were provided twice a week during 8 weeks and were performed for 60 min per session. Each session included 30 min main exercises, a 10 min warm-up, a 10 min cool-down, and short breaks between the different exercises or movements adding another 10 min. The intensity of two different types of exercise programs was adjusted (60-80% of maximal heart rate) by a physical activity tracker, which recorded heart rates (HR) during the exercise session. The DE program focused on elementary spins (longitudinal turns), shifts of center of gravity (COG), single-leg stances, skips and hops, different steps (i.e., mambo, cha cha, grapevine, jazz square) to challenge the balance system. Height (cm), body mass (kg), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference (cm), percent body fat (%), blood pressure (mmHg), resting HR (b·min-1), muscular strength (kg), balance ability (s), and cognitive function (score) were measured pre- and post-intervention, and the results were analyzed utilizing a repeated measures two-way ANOVA (p\u3c 0.05). RESULTS: Balance ability (one-leg standing with eyes open, left leg) was significantly increased only in DE (13.2±17.8 to 21.6±19.5 s, p=.007). Systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased only in TE (142.0±16.4 to 127.0±13.8 mmHg, p=.024). Waist circumference (p=.006) and 30-second chair stand (p=.004) were significantly improved in both groups. There was no significant difference in other variables after 8 weeks of training. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that dance-based exercise is an effective exercise regimen compared to the traditional chair-based exercise to improve balance ability and lower body muscular strength in older adults

Electrical and Optical Characterisation of 100 MeV 197Au Irradiated GaAs.

Effect of 100 MeV 197Au implantation, followed by Rapid Thermal Annealing on electrical and optical characteristic is reported. Single crystal n+ GaAs substrates of orientation have been implanted at room temperature with 197Au ions to the doses of 1X1012, 1X1013, 1X1014 ions/cm2. The as-implanted current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of samples is studied and the optical investigations in IR and mid IR-range have been made. The implanted samples were isochronally annealed by RTA system at different temperatures and the room temperature electrical characterization and the optical investigations are reported

Estimation and analysis of beef gain roughage-concentrate production functions

Through the 1960s and early 1970s, many cattle feeders formulated feedlot rations composed primarily of grains. Rations high in grain were relatively inexpensive and economical. For example, Scott and Broadbent [20] constructed a programming model in 1972 that utilized the California net energy system as developed by Lofgreen and Garett [16] and adopted by the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to estimate economical rations. They concluded, In most feedlot operations, it appears that the maximum possible rate of gain w ill be most profitable under usual price relationships” [20, p. 24]. Although maximizing rate of gain is a biological objective, it was congruent with the economic objective of maximizing profits. Therefore, there were several reasons for little interest in investigating the trade-off or substitution rates between roughages and concentrates in the beef feeding ration. First, concentrates were relatively inexpensive. Second, addition of roughages to rations generally reduces rate of gain. A longer time on feed thus increases the nonfeed costs, such as labor, yardage fees, and carrying charges, and reduces the annual volume of a lot. Third, roughages generally are bulkier and more difficult to handle than concentrates. They may require more expensive equipment and large long-term capital investments. Fourth, many feedlots were designed and constructed to provide high-concentrate rations. Hence, little effort was exerted toward investigating the rate of substitution between roughages and concentrates

Electrical and Optical Characterisation of 100 MeV 197Au Irradiated GaAs

Effect of 100 MeV 197Au implantation, followedby Rapid Thermal Annealing on electrical and opticalcharacteristic is reported. Single crystal n+ GaAssubstrates of orientation have been implanted atroom temperature with 197Au ions to the doses of 1X1012,1X1013, 1X1014 ions/cm2. The as-implanted current-voltage(I-V) characteristic of samples is studied and the opticalinvestigations in IR and mid IR-range have been made.The implanted samples were isochronally annealed byRTA system at different temperatures and the roomtemperature electrical characterization and the opticalinvestigations are reported

Intense blue-emitting Ca5Al8O14 : Eu phosphor for mercury free lamp

The calcium aluminates doped with Eu ions, Ca5Al8O14 : Eu, phosphors are prepared by the combustion method. The formation of crystalline aluminates was confirmed by X-ray diffraction pattern. The prepared phosphors were characterized by SEM, TGA, DTA, particle size analyzer and Photoluminescence (PL) techniques. From the UV-excited luminescence spectra it was found that the Eu ions acts as a luminescent centre with luminescence at the blue (λmax = 470 nm) region due to 4f 65d1 → 4f 7 transition. The excitation spectra show the broad band at 355 nm wavelength (λem = 470 nm). The excitation 355 nm is a mercury free excitation and therefore Ca5Al8O14 : Eu may be useful for the solid state lighting phosphor in lamp industry.Intense blue-emitting Ca5Al8O14 : Eu phosphor for mercury free lamp Abhay D Deshmukh1*, S J Dhoble1, S V Godbole2, M K Bhide2 and D R Peshwe3 1Kamla Nehru College, Sakkardara Square, Nagpur-440 009, Maharashtra, India 2Spectroscopy Section, Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, India 3Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, VNIT, Nagpur-440 011, Maharashtra, India E-mail : [email protected] Nehru College, Sakkardara Square, Nagpur-440 009, Maharashtra, India 2Spectroscopy Section, Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, India 3Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, VNIT, Nagpur-440 011, Maharashtra, Indi