Exploring the Role of United States Legal Discourse in Creating, Sustaining, and Disrupting Vestiges of Slavery

This exploratory study starts from the proposition that the use of the racialized names “negro,” “colored,” “black,” and “white” represent vestiges of slavery that were socially and legally constructed, maintained, and perpetuated to validate a superior position for descendants of Europe in the United States, while assigning an inferior status to descendants of Africa in the United States. I further suggest that the use of these racialized names appear to resemble what Noonan (1976) described as a legal mask: a legal construct that veils the humanity of participants in the legal process. Informed by Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Post-Colonialist Theory, this exploratory study aimed to explore the role of law and legal discourse in creating and sustaining racial differences between 1705-1857 and 1986-2017, and explore counter-hegemonic narratives in historic and contemporary legal texts as tools for dismantling vestiges of slavery. Utilizing the techniques of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this exploratory study explores and compares the legal discourse for the use of racial names and ways of constructing race and racial differences. I discovered in the historic legal texts that legal actors often used hostile, “white supremacist” hegemonic legal discourse to create and maintain racial differences. Although the legal discourse today is much less overt and more nuanced, I found that many contemporary legal actors use their platform to disrupt racial hegemony as they attempt to remedy the mistakes of the past. This exploratory study breaks new ground by demonstrating that social workers can engage in sophisticated transdisciplinary research and enter a more active role in deconstructing and eliminating barriers of structural racism. My research has implications for social work research, leadership, and education

Análisis de la accesibilidad urbanística y arquitectónica: SIG de la accesibilidad de Mallorca

La movilidad es un derecho fundamental de todos los ciudadanos de aquí que el análisis de la accesibilidad y evaluación sea una exigencia que han de considerar los planificadores territoriales. Actualmente las tecnologías de la información geográfica constituyen un instrumento que facilitan el reconocimiento de las barreras arquitectónicas y urbanísticas, tanto desde el punto de vista técnico como del ciudadano. Sobre esta base, el presente artículo muestra el desarrollo del Sistema de Información Geográfica de la Accesibilidad de Mallorca (SIGMA) cuyo objetivo principal es el de facilitar información actualizada y precisa al ciudadano y, al mismo tiempo, diseñar una herramienta de análisis, evaluación y soporte a la toma de decisiones para la mejora de la accesibilidad urbana y arquitectónica. El proyecto se ha desarrollado de acuerdo al Decreto 20/2003 del Reglamento de Supresión de Barreras Arquitectónica, Boletín Oficial de las Islas Baleares 18-03-2003). La construcción del SIGMA ha sido realizada por un equipo de investigación de la Universidad de las Islas Baleares y un grupo de trabajo del Área de Accesibilidad del Consell de Mallorca.Mobility is a fundamental right of all citizens that is why the analysis accessibility and its evaluation are demands that have to be considered by the territorial planners. Currently geographical information technologies are instruments that provide the recognition of the architectural barriers and urban, both from the technical and from the citizen’s point of view. On this base, the present article shows the development of the Accessibility's Geographic information System of Majorca (SIGMA) whose main goal is that one of to provide up-to-date information and precise to the citizen and, at the same time, to design a tool of analysis, evaluation and support to the decision making for the improvement of the urban accessibility and architectural. The project has been developed according to the regulations (Decree 20/2003 of the Regulations of Barrier Suppression Architectural, Official Gazette of Balearic Islands 18-03-2003). The construction of the SIGMA has been made by a team of investigation of the University of Balearic Islands and a working group of the Area of Accessibility of the Council of Majorca

Politicas agrarias y estrategias campesinas en la Cuenca del Canete : anexos 14 a 19

Ce document présente des méthodologies d'enquêtes utilisées dans la microrégion de Yauyos (Vallée du haut Canete) afin de définir la communauté paysanne en tant qu'unité d'observation et d'analyser le système communal dans ses fonctions de pouvoir et d'organisation sociale. Sont également étudiées, les destinations de la production agropastorale de la famille paysanne : autoconsommation, troc, vente ainsi que les circuits de commercialisation

Sources and budgets for CO and O-3 in the northeastern Pacific during the spring of 2001: Results from the PHOBEA-II Experiment

Abstract. Ground and airborne measurements of CO, ozone, and aerosols were obtained in th

Ocean-atmosphere analysis of Super Typhoon Songda 2011 over Western North Pacific Ocean

The purpose of the research is to understand the influences of ocean and atmosphere to the formation of Super Typhoon Songda 2011. Daily SST from NOAA AVHRR with spatial resolution of 0.5° in latitude and longitude was used to study upper oceanic response to the formation of Typhoon Songda. Meanwhile, 3-hourly meteorological data from ARP model with spatial coverage of 0.5° Latitude x 0.5° Longitude cover 201 x 101 points from 25° N - 20° S and 70.0° E – 170.0° E as well as 13 levels of atmospheric columns was also used in the study. The study was also supported by  MT-SAT satellite images. The result showed that from early disturbances until reaching mature stage of Typhoon Songda, SST over WNP reached averages temperature of 30˚C. Warm ocean waters continuously produce heat and moisture to the air that are necessary to fuel the genesis, development, formation and intensification of Typhoon Songda. The study also proved that light vertical wind shear (850 – 200 hPa) at about 0 – 5 knot was observed in the early development of Songda at 1800 UTC on May 19th. For the time being, weak vertical wind shear extended to the northwestern of Pacific Ocean. Thus, it made the system to moved toward northwest and reached category Super Typhoon few days later on May 26th. The study also showed the present of Monsoon trough. Monsoon trough occurred where easterly wind met the reversal southerly wind. The region was stretched from southeast to northwest part of WNP Ocean and designated by an extended low pressure area at the surface as well as extended bands of thunderstorms as observed by satellite imagery. On the other hand, potential vorticity shown in the present paper is useful to obtain an understanding of atmospheric motions and development of the upper-level disturbance. Potential vorticity maximum characterize strong vorticity and upward motion. Conversely, weak vorticity with downward motion is demonstrated by mininum potential vorticity