Adaptation in Mothers of Educable Mentally Retarded Children

Background: Adaptation is an important process for humans. Children, who are physically or mentally disabled, impose special stresses on their families, parents and in particular on their mothers. Objectives: This study examines the relationship between the characteristics of mothers who have educable mentally retarded children, and their adaptation based on Roy’s adaptation model. Patients and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 40 mothers of educable mentally retarded children referred to the single exceptional school in Aran va Bidgol City, Iran, during 2010 - 11. An adaptation questionnaire based on Roy’s adaptation model and demographic questionnaire were completed by the subjects. The results were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Descriptive statistics and a Fisher’s exact test were used. Results: The overall adaptation of mothers was satisfactory. There was a significant relationship between the child’s birth order (P = 0.04) and the time of awareness of the child’s problem (P = 0.02), with adaptation levels in mothers who had a mentally retarded child. Conclusions: The child’s birth order and the time of awareness of the child’s problem were related to the mother’s adaptation level

Cooling of a Nanomechanical Resonator in the Presence of a Single Diatomic Molecule

We propose a theoretical scheme for coupling a nanomechanical resonator to a single diatomic molecule via microwave cavity mode of a driven LC resonator. We describe the diatomic molecule by a Morse potential and find the corresponding equations of motion of the hybrid system by using Fokker-Planck formalism. Analytical expressions for the effective frequency and the effective damping of the nanomechanical resonator are obtained. We analyze the ground state cooling of the nanomechanical resonator in presence of the diatomic molecule. The results confirm that presence of the molecule improves the cooling process of the mechanical resonator. Finally, the effect of molecule's parameters on the cooling mechanism is studied.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Generating quantum discord between two distant Bose-Einstein condensates with Bell-like detection

We propose a technique that enables the creation of quantum discord between two distant nodes, each containing a cavity consist of the Bose-Einstein condensate, by applying a non-ideal Bell-like detection on the output modes of optical cavities. We find the covariance matrix of the system after the non-ideal Bell-like detection, showing explicitly that one enables manipulation of the quantum correlations, and particularly quantum discord, between remote Bose-Einstein condensates. We also find that the non-ideal Bell-like detection can create entanglement between distant Bose-Einstein condensates at the two remote site

A maximum likelihood estimation of L\'evy-driven stochastic systems for univariate and multivariate time series of observations

Literature is full of inference techniques developed to estimate the parameters of stochastic dynamical systems driven by the well-known Brownian noise. Such diffusion models are often inappropriate models to properly describe the dynamics reflected in many real-world data which are dominated by jump discontinuities of various sizes and frequencies. To account for the presence of jumps, jump-diffusion models are introduced and some inference techniques are developed. Jump-diffusion models are also inadequate models since they fail to reflect the frequent occurrence as well as the continuous spectrum of natural jumps. It is, therefore, crucial to depart from the classical stochastic systems like diffusion and jump-diffusion models and resort to stochastic systems where the regime of stochasticity is governed by the stochastic fluctuations of L\'evy type. Reconstruction of L\'evy-driven dynamical systems, however, has been a major challenge. The literature on the reconstruction of L\'evy-driven systems is rather poor: there are few reconstruction algorithms developed which suffer from one or several problems such as being data-hungry, failing to provide a full reconstruction of noise parameters, tackling only some specific systems, failing to cope with multivariate data in practice, lacking proper validation mechanisms, and many more. This letter introduces a maximum likelihood estimation procedure which grants a full reconstruction of the system, requires less data, and its implementation for multivariate data is quite straightforward. To the best of our knowledge this contribution is the first to tackle all the mentioned shortcomings. We apply our algorithm to simulated data as well as an ice-core dataset spanning the last glaciation. In particular, we find new insights about the dynamics of the climate in the curse of the last glaciation which was not found in previous studies

Chemical Synthesis of Sub-micrometer- to Nanometer-sized of Antiferromagnetic Sr2CuO3 Ceramic

In summery, we describe the synthesis of the Sr2CuO3 particles from micro- to nano-meter by the modified sol–gel technique. It was demonstrated by SEM images that in samples prepared with low molar ratio of citric acid, nano -structure materials with small and tiny grains were obtained. The XRD result showed that the single phase of Sr2CuO3 sample without any impurity peak is formed at 950 degrees Celsius. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3476

Processing and performance of compounds based on emulsion/solution SBRs

Solution and emulstion SBRs are both widely used in tire industry. But which method offers the industry the best solution

Novel precursors in preparation and characterization of nanosuperconductor YBa[2]Cu[3]O[7-y]

In order to prevent agglomeration of high temperature YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) superconducting materials, the solid state processing method based on new and appropriate yttrium complex precursors that have high stability in air and compatibility in solution, was used without applying any surfactant. A new method of preparing yttrium precursors on the basis of coordination hydroxynaphthaldehydate, salicylaldehyde and acetylacetonate compounds has been suggested. These have been prepared by a reaction of yttrium acetate with three various coordination compounds for forming yttrium complex types. These techniques provide proper control on nanoparticles size distribution. The generated steric hindrance due to the structure of the novel precursors, acts like a protecting agent and prevents from agglomeration. We synthesized nanoparticles of a size about 30–50 nm with homogeneous grains distribution at high calcination temperature 920 °C. The maximum values of transition temperature into the superconducting state have been found to be Tc(0) = 84 K with a temperature interval of ∆T = 3 K for YBCO nanosuperconductor. The synthesized products were characterized by powder Xray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron micrograph and scanning electronic microscopy. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2066