1,624 research outputs found
Verifying proofs in constant depth
In this paper we initiate the study of proof systems where verification of proofs proceeds by NC circuits. We investigate the question which languages admit proof systems in this very restricted model. Formulated alternatively, we ask which languages can be enumerated by NC functions. Our results show that the answer to this problem is not determined by the complexity of the language. On the one hand, we construct NC proof systems for a variety of languages ranging from regular to NP-complete. On the other hand, we show by combinatorial methods that even easy regular languages such as Exact-OR do not admit NC proof systems. We also present a general construction of proof systems for regular languages with strongly connected NFA's
Hospitalization, Arrest, or Discharge: Important Legal and Clinical Issues in the Emergency Evaluation of Persons Believed Dangerous to Others
Fractional Fokker-Planck Equations for Subdiffusion with Space-and-Time-Dependent Forces
We have derived a fractional Fokker-Planck equation for subdiffusion in a
general space-and- time-dependent force field from power law waiting time
continuous time random walks biased by Boltzmann weights. The governing
equation is derived from a generalized master equation and is shown to be
equivalent to a subordinated stochastic Langevin equation.Comment: 5 page
Delivering Long-Term Services to Ohio Elders: Good Progress, but Challenges Await
This study describes the changes in Ohio's approach to delivering long-term services that have occurred in the last 20 years
The role of the nature of the noise in the thermal conductance of mechanical systems
Focussing on a paradigmatic small system consisting of two coupled damped
oscillators, we survey the role of the L\'evy-It\^o nature of the noise in the
thermal conductance. For white noises, we prove that the L\'evy-It\^o
composition (Lebesgue measure) of the noise is irrelevant for the thermal
conductance of a non-equilibrium linearly coupled chain, which signals the
independence between mechanical and thermodynamical properties. On the other
hand, for the non-linearly coupled case, the two types of properties mix and
the explicit definition of the noise plays a central role.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures. To be published in Physical Review
Panel Discussion Part 3: Horizontal Restraints of Trade between Competitors in Mexico and the United States
Panel Discussion Part 2: The U.S. and Mexican Companies Agree upon Some Vertical Restraints of Trade in Their Contract
Transition Densities and Traces for Invariant Feller Processes on Compact Symmetric Spaces
We find necessary and sufficient conditions for a finite K–bi–invariant
measure on a compact Gelfand pair (G, K) to have a square–integrable
density. For convolution semigroups, this is equivalent to having a
continuous density in positive time. When (G, K) is a compact Riemannian
symmetric pair, we study the induced transition density for
G–invariant Feller processes on the symmetric space X = G/K. These
are obtained as projections of K–bi–invariant L´evy processes on G,
whose laws form a convolution semigroup. We obtain a Fourier series
expansion for the density, in terms of spherical functions, where the
spectrum is described by Gangolli’s L´evy–Khintchine formula. The
density of returns to any given point on X is given by the trace of
the transition semigroup, and for subordinated Brownian motion, we
can calculate the short time asymptotics of this quantity using recent
work of BaËœnuelos and Baudoin. In the case of the sphere, there is an
interesting connection with the Funk–Hecke theorem
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