The relationship between ultra processed food consumption and premature coronary artery disease: Iran premature coronary artery disease study (IPAD)

BackgroundUltra-processed foods (UPF) consumption may affect the risk of PCAD through affecting cardio metabolic risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the association between UPFs consumption and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD).MethodsA case–control study was conducted on 2,354 Iranian adults (≥ 19 years). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and foods were classified based on the NOVA system, which groups all foods according to the nature, extent and purposes of the industrial processes they undergo. PCAD was defined as having an stenosis of at least single coronary artery equal and above 75% or left main coronary of equal or more than 50% in women less than 70 and men less than 60 years, determined by angiography. The odds of PCAD across the tertiles of UPFs consumption were assessed by binary logistic regression.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the top tertile of UPFs were twice as likely to have PCAD compared with those in the bottom tertile (OR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.97–3.23). Moreover, those in the highest tertile of the UPFs consumption had more than two times higher risk for having severe PCAD than those in the first tertile (OR: 2.64; 95% CI: 2.16–3.22). In addition, there was a significant upward trend in PCAD risk and PCAD severity as tertiles increased (P-trend < 0.001 for all models).ConclusionHigher consumption of UPFs was related to increased risk of PCAD and higher chance of having severe PCAD in Iranian adults. Although, future cohort studies are needed to confirm the results of this study, these findings indicated the necessity of reducing UPFs intake

Epidemiologic evaluation of tongue reactive lesions in the archives of Qazvin and Shahid Beheshti dental schools (1998-2014)

Background: Due to the situation and different functions of tongue, it is always expose to chronic stimulations, that’s why some kinds of lesion in tongue such as reactive lesions found in order to react these reactions. Objective: To determine the prevalence of reactive lesions in the archives of tongue reactive lesions in Tehran (Shahid Beheshti) and Qazvin dental faculties archive during the past 15 years. Methods: In this descriptive-sectional and retrospective study, all records related to tongue reactive lesions were investigated in pathology archive of Tehran (Shahid Beheshti) and Qazvin dental faculties in the period of 1998-2014. In each record, patient’s demographic characteristics (age and gender), lesion type (irritation fibroma (IF), Drug induced fibrous, Pyogenic granuloma (PG), and Hyperkeratosis), lesion location in tongue, patient habit and systematic diseases were recorded. Then data were analysed with Q-square, T-test and Anova test. Findings: The average age of investigated patients was 43±16 and 69/2% of patients were female. Generally from 70 recorded file Irritation fibroma (51/4%) had the most frequency. PG (38/6%) was respectively in second frequency rank. 42/9% tongue reactive lesion were located in lateral part, 28/6% in anterior part and then, in the ventral , dorsal and posterior of tongue. Reactive lesions such as PG had the most frequency in male, respectively, while in female reactive lesions such as IF had the most frequency respectively. Conclusion: IF, PG had the most frequency in compare to other reactive lesions in Tehran (Shahid Beheshti) and Qazvin dental faculties’ archive during the past 15 years, so Changes in life style and oral hygiene will help to prevent these damages. Keywords: Lesion Reactive, Tongue, Oral and Maxillofarial Patholog

Occlusal Recording Components for Dental Implant- Supported Prostheses

In this article, three techniques for maxillo-mandibular relationship for Replace-Select implants are described. The use of healing abutments, planning abutments,and Impression copings are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages are discussed

Do Type and Shape of Scan Bodies Affect Accuracy and Time of Digital Implant Impressions?

OBJECTIVES: Reports concerning the accuracy of intraoral digital impression systems are limited. This study aimed to assess the effects of scan body types and shapes on digital impression accuracy and scanning time in all-on-four restorations. METHODS: This in vitro study was conducted with two acrylic maxillary models. Two implant systems with different connection types (internal trilobe and external hexagon connection) were inserted according to the all-on-four design. Scanning was performed using Doowon, NT-Trading, and DESS scan bodies. Changes in implants' positions (ΔR) and angulation (ΔA), and the implants' distance from the reference pin (ΔD) compared with the actual model were determined. Scanning times were also measured and compared. RESULTS: The effects of implant connections and scan bodies on ΔR and ΔA were significant (p ⟨0.05). Implant angulation could also affect ΔA (p=0.019). ΔD was only affected by scan body (p ⟨0.001). The three scan bodies were significantly different in terms of scanning time (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The results showed that scan body type and shape, and implant connection and angulation could affect digital impression accuracy in all-on-four restorations. For both internal and external connections, the NT-Trading and DESS scan bodies had the shortest and longest scanning times, respectively

PREVALENCE OF FACTORS INVOLVED IN INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE OF PREMATURE NEONATES LESS THAN 34 WEEKS

Intracranial hemorrhage is one of the major causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity. It is the most severe cranial problem in that period. Those who survive would be affected by hydrocephalus, encephalomalacia, and finally brain atrophy. With accurate knowledge of risk factors, hemorrhage may be diagnosed earlier and the complications managed earlier. This study was performed in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital. All the neonates less than 34 weeks of gestation were undergone intracranial sonography from Feb 2005 to Feb 2006. Sonography was performed via anterior fontanel with proper probe according to neonatal age. 113 neonates less than 34 weeks of gestation have been studied. Mean gestational age was 32 weeks. Mean neonatal weight were 1566 ± 734 grams. Intracranial hemorrhage was evident in 21% of them; 16.8% was grade 1, 0.9% grade 2, 2.7% grade 3, 0.9% grade 4. The mean weight of neonates with hemorrhage was 1504.11 grams. Intracranial hemorrhage had correlation with respiratory acidosis and pneumothorax. The latter was also correlated with hemorrhage grade. Supposing the safety and non-invasiveness of intacranial sonography, we suggest performing sonography in all premature neonates with low birth weight, and also in those neonates with pneumothorax and respiratory acidosis

Comparison of different impression techniques when using the All-on-Four implant treatment protocol

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of two different impression techniques for the All-on-Four implant therapy protocol. Materials and Methods: An acrylic resin analog for an edentulous maxilla with four internal connection implants (Replace Select, Nobel Biocare) was fabricated according to the All-on-Four protocol. A total of 40 impressions were made with different techniques (open and closed tray) at abutment and implant levels and poured in type IV dental stone. A coordinate measuring machine was used to record the x, y, and z coordinates and angular displacement. The measurements were compared with those obtained from the reference model. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and t test at a = .05. Results: There was less linear and rotational displacement for the open-tray technique when compared with the closed-tray technique (P = .02 and P < .001, respectively). Impressions made at abutment level produced fewer linear and rotational displacements when compared with implantlevel impressions using the open-tray technique for straight and angulated implants (P = .04 and P < .001, respectively). However, less rotational dislocation was observed for impressions made with the closed-tray technique when compared with the open-tray technique at implant level (P < .001). Conclusion: Choice of impression technique affected the accuracy of impressions, and less displacement was observed with the open-tray method. Abutment-level impressions with an open-tray technique were more accurate, while implant-level impressions were more accurate when a closed-tray technique was used. © 2016 by Quintessence Publishing Co Inc

Discrepancy measurements of copings prepared by three casting methods and two different alloys, on ITI implants

Background and Aim: An important criterion for success assessment of implant-supported prostheses is marginal fit. Vertical and horizontal discrepancy can result in loosening of the prosthetic screw, crestal bone resorption, peri-implantitis and loss of osseointegration. Despite careful attention to waxing, investing, and casting, marginal discrepancies are inevitable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal gap and overhang in three casting methods with two different alloys in ITI implants.Materials and Methods: In this experimental in vitro study 48 analog abutments were randomly divided into six groups as follows: 1) burn out cap + BegoStar, 2) impression cap + BegoStar, 3) conventional wax up + BegoStar, 4) burn out cap + Verabond2, 5) impression cap + Verabond2, 6) conventional wax up + Verabond2. Waxing was done in 0.7 mm thickness verified by a digital gauge and a putty index was made for all groups. Reamer was used for correction of the finish line after casting in all groups. Castings were seated on analog abutments and embedded in acrylic resin. Specimens were sectioned by isomet instrument and polished and cleaned by ultrasonic cleaner for 10 min. The marginal gap and overextended margins of castings were examined under a &amp;nbsp;Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (X200). The mean gap and margin overextension were calculated for each group. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis and Bonferroni post-hoc test with p&amp;lt;0.05 as the level of significance.Results: No significant difference in gap size was observed among the three casting methods with two alloys (P=0.056). The marginal gap was not different in the studied casting methods (P=0.092). Gold alloy crowns showed lower marginal gaps compared to base metal alloy crowns (P&amp;lt;0.001). No significant difference in overhang size was observed among casting methods with two alloys (P=0.093). Base metal alloy crowns showed less overhang compared to gold alloy crowns (P&amp;lt;0.001). There was a significant correlation between overhang and use of impression cap in base metal alloys (P&amp;lt;0.001).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, vertical discrepancy of frameworks made with gold alloy were less than those made with base metal alloy. Base metal alloy demonstrated less overhang. Conventional wax up or using burn out caps produced less horizontal discrepancy

CLUSTERING OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN DIABETICS AND IGT CASES IN ISFAHAN PROVINCE 2000-2001: ISFAHAN HEALTHY HEART PROGRAM

Abstract&nbsp; INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to cluster cardiac risk factors of patients and to compare the prevalence of these risk factors in diabetic patients and patients with glucose intolerance with normal people, and also to compare the prevalence of these factors in known and new cases of diabetes mellitus. methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample selected from Isfahan province, Iran, as part of a national program for cardiovascular diseases prevention and control. A total of 3940 male and female subjects (1914 males, 2026 females) aged above 19 years were studied. The demographic characteristics were obtained by questionnaire. Important risk factors such as Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Waist Circumference (WC), Body Mass Index (BMI), Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C), and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C) were assessed in the subjects. results: The prevalence of known cases of diabetes, new cases of diabetes, and glucose resistance was 4.3%, 1.1%, and 6.2% in the population under study, respectively. The prevalence of the above conditions was 4.9%, 1.2% and 1.1% in women, and 3.7%, 1% and 5.3% in men, respectively. Comparison of the prevalence of blood lipid disorders showed a significant difference between patients and healthy individuals. The overall comparison of all of the risk factors also showed a significant difference between the said groups. The prevalence of blood lipid disorders in men was higher than in women and this difference was significant. Comparison of the prevalence of increased BMI/WC and blood lipid disorders between two sexes revealed a significantly higher prevalence in women. Discussion: The results of this study indicate a high prevalence of risk factors, especially increased prevalence of obesity and blood lipid disorders in cases of diabetes and glucose intolerance. Hence, strategies for prevention and treatment of diabetes should be launched in the community in view of the extent of these risk factors.Keywords . Clustering of risk factors . Known cases of diabetes . New cases of diabetes</p

A radiographic evaluation of progressive loading on crestal and bone density changes around single osseointegrated implants in the posterior maxilla

&quot;nBackground and Aim: The aim of this clinical study was to determine the effectiveness of progressive loading procedures on preserving crestal bone height and improving peri-implant bone density around maxillary implants restored with single crowns by an accurate longitudinal radiographic assessment technique. &quot;n &quot;n &quot;nMaterials and Methods: Eleven Micro-Thread Osseo Speed dental implants were placed in 11 subjects and permitted to heal for 6 weeks before surgical uncovering. Following an 8-week healing period, implants underwent a progressive loading protocol by increasing the height of the occlusal table in increments from adding acrylic resin to an acrylic crown. The progressively loaded crowns were placed in 2 mm infraocclusion for the first 2 months, light occlusion for the second 2 months, and full occlusion for the third 2 months. At forth 2 months, a metal ceramic crown replaced the acrylic crown. Digital radiographs of each implant were made at the time of restoration, then after 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 months of function. Digital image analysis was done to measure changes in crestal bone height and peri-implant bone density. &quot;n &quot;n &quot;nResults: The mean values of crestal bone loss at 12 months were 0.11 &amp;plusmn; 0.19 mm, and when tested with Friedman across the time periods, the differences were not statistically significant (p&amp;gt; 0.05). The mean values of bone density in the crestal, middle, and apical area were tested with Repeated Measure ANOVA across the time periods, the differences were statistically significant (p&amp;lt;0.05). &quot;n &quot;n &quot;nConclusion: Progressive loading doesn&amp;rsquo;t cause crestal bone loss. The peri-implant density measurements of the progressively loaded implants show continuous increase in crestal, middle and apical peri-implant bone density by time. &quot;n&amp;nbsp