An optimization of on-line monitoring of simple linear and polynomial quality functions

This research aims to introduce a number of contributions for enhancing the statistical performance of some of Phase II linear and polynomial profile monitoring techniques. For linear profiles the idea of variable sampling size (VSS) and variable sampling interval (VSI) have been extended from multivariate control charts to the profile monitoring framework to enhance the power of the traditional T^2 chart in detecting shifts in linear quality models. Finding the optimal settings of the proposed schemes has been formulated as an optimization problem solved by using a Genetic Approach (GA). Here the average time to signal (ATS) and the average run length (ARL) are regarded as the objective functions, and ATS and ARL approximations, based on Markov Chain Principals, are extended and modified to capture the special structure of the profile monitoring. Furthermore,the performances of the proposed control schemes are compared with their fixed sampling counterparts for different shift levels in the parameters. The extensive comparison studies reveal the potentials of the proposed schemes in enhancing the performance of T^2 control chart when a process yields a simple linear profile. For polynomial profiles, where the linear regression model is not sufficient, the relationship between the parameters of the original and orthogonal polynomial quality profiles is considered and utilized to enhance the power of the orthogonal polynomial method (EWMA4). The problem of finding the optimal set of explanatory variable minimizing the average run length is described by a mathematical model and solved using the Genetic Approach. In the case that the shift in the second or the third parameter is the only shift of interest, the simulation results show a significant reduction in the mean of the run length distribution of the EWMA4 technique

Accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Saliva for COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Context: There is an unmet clinical need to develop simple, easy, rapid, and accessible testing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Recent reports suggested that saliva may be a host for the virus. The existence of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva can be associated with oral manifestations in infected patients. A systematic review was conducted as well as a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of detecting SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and investigate the association between positive saliva test and oral manifestations of COVID-19. Evidence acquisition: A literature search in MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane was done in June 2020 and updated in February 2021 using relevant keywords. We screened studies for eligibility. The extracted data were analyzed using Meta-Disc software. Results: Eighteen studies were included. Pooled data from eligible studies showed that the sensitivity of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89), and the specificity was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96–0.98). COVID-19 was associated with oral diseases as amblygeustia, dry mouth, dryness, inflammation of the mouth, and enlargement of lymph nodes in the submandibular regions. Conclusions: Our results showed that the saliva has a high accuracy in the detection of SARS-CoV-2

Reasons of the gap between Outcome Characteristics of Private Higher Education, and Job Requirements in the Private Sector in Egypt (Reasons related to the community and the graduates)

This research is designed to measure the reasons of the gap (miss-fit) between the outcome characteristics of the private higher education and the job requirements in the private sector in Egypt. Specifically, the reasons related to the community and the graduates themselves are analysed, investigated and discussed. The exploratory research has shown that the reasons related to the Egyptian community are summarized in the Egyptian society's perspective towards private higher education. Where the reasons related to the graduates are summarized in the benefits of the private higher education to its graduates. For the reasons related to the community, the researchers found that the preference of some majors, the vision of the community as regards universities, and the vision of the community concerning scientific research are confirmed to be causes of the gap from the academic staff members’ and businessmen’s points of view. For the reasons related to the graduates, we found that the qualifications of the graduates for the practical life and the benefits from their study are confirmed to be causes of the gap. Consequently, the researchers can conclude that the society’s perspective of the private higher education and the benefits of the private higher education to its graduates affect the gap between the outcome characteristics of the private higher education and job requirements in the private sector in Egypt. Keywords: private higher education, education outcome, private sector in Egypt DOI: 10.7176/JAAS/62-06 Publication date:March 31st 202

Partureints' need of continous labor support in labor wards

No Abstract. The Ethiopian Journal of Health Development Vol. 21 (1) 2007: pp. 35-3

A bilobed Gallbladder (Vesica Fellea Divisa) in Cattle Slaughtered at Jimma Municipal Abattoir, West Oromiya, Ethiopia

Gallbladder abnormalities occur rarely. The recognized abnormalities recorded so far comprised duplication, septation, abnormal position and total absence of the gallbladder. The bilobed gallbladder of the cross bred oxen slaughtered at Jimma municipality abattoir constituted two lobes separated by a deep cleft. However, the two lobes were joined at the neck and drained by one duct. Both the lobes were of equal size and filled with bile.Key words: Bilobed, Cattle, gallbladder, Jimma, Muncipal abattoi

Effects of royal jelly on genotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by valproic acid in albino mice

AbstractEpilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases affecting at least 50 million people worldwide. Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely used antiepileptic medication for both generalized and partial seizures of epilepsy. The objective of the study was to investigate the anti-mutagenic and anti-histopathologic effects of royal jelly (RJ) on VPA-induced genotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in male albino mice (Mus musculus). 80 Mice were used for 21 days; they were divided into eight groups, (G1) served as normal control group, G2 received VPA (100 mg/kg) and (G3–G5) received RJ at doses 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg respectively. While (G6–G8) were administrated RJ simultaneously with VPA. In RJ treated mice at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, the kidney sections showed normal histological structure with non significant changes in chromosomal aberrations (CA) and mitotic index (MI), while RJ at dose of 200 mg/kg showed mild inflammatory cells infiltration and hyperemic glomeruli but not highly significant changes in CA and MI. The cortex of VPA treated mice revealed congested glomeruli with inflammatory cells infiltration, and marked degeneration of almost structures of the glomeruli including some vacuoles in mesangial cells with dark mesangial substances on the ultrastructure level. Some proximal tubules showed degeneration of microvilli on the apical parts of some cells. Cells of the distal tubules attained obliterated lumen and vacuolated lining epithelium. The results also revealed that valproic acid induced a high frequency of CA in bone marrow cells of mice and MI was significantly decreased indicating bone marrow cytotoxicity. The treatment of mice with RJ at doses 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for 21 days simultaneously with VPA resulted in abating the histological alterations in renal tissues with significant reduction in chromosomal aberrations, for doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, and elevation in mitotic index (P < 0.05). RJ at doses 50 and 100 mg/kg appeared more potent in exerting the ameliorative effect

Controlling the Density of Plasma Species in Ar/CF4 Radiofrequency Capacitively Coupled Plasma Discharges

In this manuscript, a fluid model is utilized to calculate the density of plasma species assuming geometrically symmetric Ar/CF4 Radiofrequency Capacitively Coupled Plasmas. The electrodes are driven by a sinusoidal waefront with an amplitude of 200 V and a frequency of 13.56 MHz. The gap between the electrodes is 5cm. The plasma species density is calculated as a function of the gas pressure, electron temperature, and the gas composition. In a good agreement with recent experimental results, $CF^+_3$ and F are dominant for all considered simulation parameters. The results explain the pathways to perform atomic layer etching and nanolayer deposition processes. In order to reveal the effect of electron heating on the discharge dynamics, The spatiotemporal electron energy equation is coupled to the fluid model. Tailoring the driven potential has been found to control the concentration of some plasma species. When the plasma is driven with the fundamental frequency, Ohmic and stochastic heating allows electrons to be heated symmetrically. Higher harmonics give rise to an electrical asymmetry and electron heating asymmetry between the powered and grounded sheaths. The electron temperature depends on the driven harmonics; it adjusts gain and loss rates and some plasma species densities

Efficient synthesis of novel bis(dihydropyrano[2,3c]pyrazoles), bis(4H-chromenes) and bis(dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes) with amide functionality

A synthesis of novel bis(1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitriles), bis(4H-chromene-3-carbonitriles) and bis(dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes), which are linked to aliphatic spacers via amide linkages was achieved via multicomponent reactions (MCR) of the appropriate bis-aldehyde with two equivalents of both of malononitrile and 3-methylpyrazol-5-one, dimedone or 4-hydroxycoumarin in a basic solution

Disaster management in industrial areas: Perspectives, challenges and future research

Purpose: In most countries, development, growth, and sustenance of industrial facilities are given utmost importance due to the influence in the socio-economic development of the country. Therefore, special economic zones, or industrial areas or industrial cities are developed in order to provide the required services for the sustained operation of such facilities. Such facilities not only provide a prolonged economic support to the country but it also helps in the societal aspects as well by providing livelihood to thousands of people. Therefore, any disaster in any of the facilities in the industrial area will have a significant impact on the population, facilities, the economy, and threatens the sustainability of the operations. This paper provides review of such literature that focus on theory and practice of disaster management in industrial cities. Design/methodology/approach: In the paper, content analysis method is used in order to elicit the insights of the literature available. The methodology uses search methods, literature segregation and developing the current knowledge on different phases of industrial disaster management. Findings: It is found that the research is done in all phases of disaster management, namely, preventive phase, reactive phase and corrective phase. The research in each of these areas are focused on four main aspects, which are facilities, resources, support systems and modeling. Nevertheless, the research in the industrial cities is insignificant. Moreover, the modeling part does not explicitly consider the nature of industrial cities, where many of the chemical and chemical processing can be highly flammable thus creating a very large disaster impact. Some research is focused at an individual plant and scaled up to the industrial cities. The modeling part is weak in terms of comprehensively analyzing and assisting disaster management in the industrial cities. Originality/value: The comprehensive review using content analysis on disaster management is presented here. The review helps the researchers to understand the gap in the literature in order to extend further research for disaster management in large scale industrial cities.Scopu

Synthesis of Ethylene Glycol Diesters as Bio-Lubricant from Jatropha Methyl Esters

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The synthesis of ethylene glycol diesters as bio-lubricant was achieved via Trans- esterification reaction of Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME).The experimental strategy consists from two Transesterification reaction steps.At first step,Jatropha oil was extracted and characterized and then converted into JME. Then JME was converted to biolubricant at 120oC, molar ratio of ethylene glycol to JME was 1:3.5 through 2.5 hr. and sodium meth-oxide was used as a catalyst was 0.8% w/w of total reactants. The physicochemical properties of the bio-lubricant were investigated. Kinematic viscosity at 40 oC was 16 cSt, kinematic viscosity at 100 oC was 4.54 cSt, viscosity index was 195.83 and the pour point was 18oC.FTIR spectrum for JME to confirm the ester group was 1741cm-1while for bio-lubricant was 1743cm-1.It was found that the synthesis bio-lubricant data agree with petroleum base lubricant that reported by previouswork investigation. ملخص الدراسة &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; تم اصطناع استرات الايثلين جلايكول الثنائية كزيت تزييت حيوي عن طريق&nbsp; تفاعل الاسترة التحويلية لاسترات ميثيل الجاتروفا. استراتيجية التجربة اشتملت على خطوتين من تفاعل الاسترة التحويلية. الخطوة&nbsp; الاولي تم استخلاص زيت الجاتروفا حيث تم دراسة خصائصه ثم حول الى استرات ميثيل الجاتروفا. حولتاسترات ميثيل الجاتروفا الى الزيت الحيوي عند درجة حرارة 120م◦ وذلك بنسبة مولية للايثلينجلايكول الى استرات ميثيل الجاتروفا (3.5:1)وكان زمن التفاعل 2.5 ساعة باستخدام ميثو اكسيد الصوديوم كعامل حفاز بنسبة 0.8% من الوزن الكلي للمتفاعلات. درست الخصائص الفيزيوكيميائية للزيت الحيوي مثل اللزوجة الكاينماتيكية عند 40 م◦ هي 16 سنتي ستوك ، واللزوجة الكينماتيكية عند100 م◦ هي 4.54 سنتي ستوك ، ومعامل اللزوجة هو 195.83 ، ونقطة الانسكاب هي 18 م◦. وايضا تم إجراء التحليل الطيفي بواسطة الاشعة تحت الحمراء لاستراتجاتروفا الميثيل&nbsp; للتأكد من مجموعة الاستر كان عند طول موجي 1741 سم-1 بينما الطول الموجي للزيت الحيوي 1743 سم-1. وجد ان نتائج الزيت الحيوي الذي تم اصطناعه&nbsp; تتفق مع نتائج زيت الاساس البترولي في الدراسات السابقة. &nbsp