Modirrousta 1

ABSTRACT Nosemosis is the most common disease in adult bees. Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae species are agents of important economic losses to beekeepers around the world. The severity of disease at various area is different. Previously, N. apis was observed in areas with a long winter, especially in late winter and early spring. But in recent years, disease has been reported in the warm seasons. The studies indicated that a new species as N. ceranae is involvement in loss and mortality in adult bees. Therefore, diagnosis and differentiation of Nosema species is importance at colony collapse disorders (CCD). The aim of this Research was a retrospective study on Nosema samples isolated from apiaries. Forty-one Nosema Sp. Positive samples were collected from five provinces during 2004 to 2013. The samples were tested by multiplex PCR method using both primers of N. ceranea and N. apis were simultaneously. All of samples were positive for N. ceranea. The products were sent for sequencing. The results show that N. ceranea has spread in Iran, from previous years almost simultaneously with other parts of the world

Comparison of Antibacterial Effect of Malva Sylvestris L.(Aerial and Root Organs) by MIC

Introduction: Malva sylvestris belongs to Malvaceae family from which A great deal of (malvone A:2-methony-5,6di hydroxyl-1,4naphthoquinone) anthocyanins and important natural pigments have been extracted. Anthocyanins and other substances of Malva sylvestris own antibacterial properties. Methods: In this study, antibacterial properties of Malva sylvestris were investigated on the 6 bacterial species (Pasteurella multosida, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae) via Hydro-alcoholic extract (arial and root organs) Results: In this study, the anti-bacterial effects of alcoholic extract of Malva sylvestris was separately investigated according to which the most ani-bacterial effect belonged to the extract of the aerial parts on Pasteurella multosida(3/12(0/19mg/ml)%) and no effect was observed on Salmonella enteritidis . Conclusion: however antibiotics play an important role in human health,with the increasing occurrence of bacterial resistance against available antibiotics ,it has now become essential to look for newer antibiotics

Effects of Fruit of Rosa Canina L.Extract on the Level of Plasma Glucose in Male Diabet-Induced Rats

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic and complex metabolic diseases of human , which hyperglycemia can be mentioned as its prominent characteristic. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of fruit of Rosa canina (R.c.) extract in healthy and diabetic rats. Method: A total of 72 Wistar male rats were divided into six group: control,&nbsp; STZ (diabetic) control, &nbsp;R.c. control (50 mg/kg), R.c. control (100 mg/kg) and two experimental groups with 50, and 100 mg/kg of extract dose. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocine (60 mg/kg; IP), and blood collection was carried out on 0, 2 and 4 hours after the oral administration of the extracts. Results: The levels of plasma glucose were determined by spectrophotometric method. In order to statistically analyze the study data, ANOVA test was performed. There was a significant difference between groups concerning the plasma glucose concentration (P<0.0001), which the lowest concentration between diabetes groups was observed in the two experimental groups. Moreover, R.c. had a marked hypoglycemic effect on diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: R.c. extract in hyperglycemic status demands to be further studied in order to control and prevent its complications

Disease-only alleles at the extreme ends of the human ZMYM3 exceptionally long 5� UTR short tandem repeat in bipolar disorder: A pilot study

Objective: The X-linked ZMYM3 gene (also known as ZNF261) contains the longest STR, (GA)32, identified in a human protein-coding gene 5�UTR (ENST00000373998.5: ZMYM3-207). This STR reaches maximum length in human, and is located in a complex string of four consecutive GA-STRs with a human-specific formula across the complex. A previous study in Iranian male schizophrenia (SCZ) patients revealed co-occurrence of the extreme short and long alleles of the STR with SCZ. Here we studied the allelic distribution of this STR in bipolar disorder (BD) type I. The interval encompassing the human ZMYM3 STR complex was PCR-amplified and sequenced in 546 male subjects, consisting of 157 BD patients and 389 controls. Results: We found three alleles at the extreme short (17-repeat) and long (38- and 43-repeat) ends of the allele distribution curve in the BD cases (4.4 of the BD alleles) that were not detected in the controls (Mid p < 0.0001). These alleles overlapped with the extreme disease-only alleles detected previously in the SCZ patients. Domain reconstruction of the GA-STR complex revealed significant structural alteration as a result of various sequence repeats and nucleotide compositions at the inter and intraspecies levels. Conclusion: The ZMYM3 �exceptionally long� 5� UTR STR findings may alter our perspective of disease pathogenesis in psychiatric disorders, and set an example in which the low frequency alleles at the extreme short and long ends of the human STRs are, at least in part, a result of natural selection against these alleles and their unambiguous link to major human disorders. © 201

Structure-Mechanical Stability Relations of Metal-Organic Frameworks via Machine Learning

Development of new materials via experiments alone is costly and can take years, if not decades, to complete. Advancements in the predictive power of computer simulations have enhanced our ability to design and develop materials in a fraction of the time required for experiments. Here, we demonstrate how the power of machine learning, trained by a combination of multi-level simulations, can predict the performance of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), one of the most exciting advances of porous materials science. The machine-learning algorithm introduced here predicts the mechanical properties of existing and future MOFs in the order of seconds, allowing the design of robust structures. The principles of our computational approach can be translated to other problems so that MOF researchers can discover new materials for application in, e.g., catalysis, energy storage, and chemicals separation. We anticipate that our work will guide future efforts to make stable MOFs suitable for industry

Nonlinear truss models for strain‐based seismic evaluation of planar RC walls

This paper introduces a new approach for the seismic performance evaluation of planar RC walls. Compared to existing assessment guidelines, such as those in ASCE/SEI 41-17, where performance limits are described by plastic rotation or lateral drift, the proposed method uses local (strain) quantities, obtained from computational models. The analyses rely on a user-friendly implementation of the nonlinear truss model for RC structures, which eliminates the need to manually create a line-element representation of a wall and includes a material law for steel accounting for buckling and rupture of reinforcement. The capability of the models to capture common failure patterns for planar walls is validated for a set of six previously tested wall components which experienced a variety of damage modes (bar rupture, boundary element failure, diagonal compression and tension failures). The analytical models accurately predict the lateral strength, deformation capacity and failure modes observed in the tests. A set of acceptance criteria, based on the analytically obtained concrete and steel strains, is then established for the immediate occupancy, life safety and collapse prevention levels, consistent with different levels and types of damage. An initial calibration of the limit values associated with these criteria is proposed and verified using the analytical results for the six walls considered. The results of the proposed assessment methodology applied to the six walls are compared to those obtained using the nonlinear procedures in ASCE/SEI 41-17. The results indicate that ASCE/SEI 41-17 may not accurately describe the deformability of walls exhibiting mixed flexure-shear inelastic deformations.The research presented in this paper is supported by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under award No. 70NANB19H060. Any opinions and findings presented in this paper are those of the authors alone, and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the sponsor.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version