7,550 research outputs found
Random Block Operators
We study fundamental spectral properties of random block operators that are
common in the physical modelling of mesoscopic disordered systems such as dirty
superconductors. Our results include ergodic properties, the location of the
spectrum, existence and regularity of the integrated density of states, as well
as Lifshits tails. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities arising from
the block structure such as the occurrence of a robust gap in the middle of the
spectrum. Without randomness in the off-diagonal blocks the density of states
typically exhibits an inverse square-root singularity at the edges of the gap.
In the presence of randomness we establish a Wegner estimate that is valid at
all energies. It implies that the singularities are smeared out by randomness,
and the density of states is bounded. We also show Lifshits tails at these band
edges. Technically, one has to cope with a non-monotone dependence on the
random couplings.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figure
Lifshitz tails for spectra of Erd\H{o}s--R\'{e}nyi random graphs
We consider the discrete Laplace operator on
Erd\H{o}s--R\'{e}nyi random graphs with vertices and edge probability
. We are interested in the limiting spectral properties of
as in the subcritical regime where no giant cluster
emerges. We prove that in this limit the expectation value of the integrated
density of states of exhibits a Lifshitz-tail behavior at the
lower spectral edge E=0.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/1050516000000719 in the Annals
of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Nuclear shock waves in heavy-ion collisions
It is shown that nuclear matter is compressed during the encounter of heavy ions. If the relative velocity of the nuclei is larger than the velocity of first sound in nuclear matter (compression sound for isospin T=0), nuclear shock waves occur. They lead to densities which are 3-5 times higher than the nuclear equilibrium density ρ0, depending on the energy of the nuclei. The implications of this phenomenon are discussed
Interfaces between highly incompatible polymers of different stiffness: Monte Carlo simulations and self-consistent field calculations
We investigate interfacial properties between two highly incompatible
polymers of different stiffness. The extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the
binary polymer melt yield detailed interfacial profiles and the interfacial
tension via an analysis of capillary fluctuations. We extract an effective
Flory-Huggins parameter from the simulations, which is used in self-consistent
field calculations. These take due account of the chain architecture via a
partial enumeration of the single chain partition function, using chain
conformations obtained by Monte Carlo simulations of the pure phases. The
agreement between the simulations and self-consistent field calculations is
almost quantitative, however we find deviations from the predictions of the
Gaussian chain model for high incompatibilities or large stiffness. The
interfacial width at very high incompatibilities is smaller than the prediction
of the Gaussian chain model, and decreases upon increasing the statistical
segment length of the semi-flexible component.Comment: to appear in J.Chem.Phy
Privacy sets for constrained space-filling
The paper provides typology for space filling into what we call "soft" and
"hard" methods along with introducing the central notion of privacy sets for
dealing with the latter. A heuristic algorithm based on this notion is
presented and we compare its performance on some well-known examples
Monte Carlo simulations of copolymers at homopolymer interfaces: Interfacial structure as a function of the copolymer density
By means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model,
we study the effect of adding AB diblock copolymers on the properties of an
interface between demixed homopolymer phases. The parameters are chosen such
that the homopolymers are strongly segregated, and the whole range of copolymer
concentrations in the two phase coexistence region is scanned. We compare the
``mushroom'' regime, in which copolymers are diluted and do not interact with
each other, with the ``wet brush'' regime, where copolymers overlap and
stretch, but are still swollen by the homopolymers. A ``dry brush'' regime is
never entered for our choice of chain lengths. ``Intrinsic'' profiles are
calculated using a block analysis method introduced by us in earlier work. We
discuss density profiles, orientational profiles and contact number profiles.
In general, the features of the profiles are similar at all copolymer
concentrations, however, the profiles in the concentrated regime are much
broader than in the dilute regime. The results compare well with
self-consistent field calculations.Comment: to appear in J. Chem. Phy
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