131 research outputs found
Computing Similarity between a Pair of Trajectories
With recent advances in sensing and tracking technology, trajectory data is
becoming increasingly pervasive and analysis of trajectory data is becoming
exceedingly important. A fundamental problem in analyzing trajectory data is
that of identifying common patterns between pairs or among groups of
trajectories. In this paper, we consider the problem of identifying similar
portions between a pair of trajectories, each observed as a sequence of points
sampled from it.
We present new measures of trajectory similarity --- both local and global
--- between a pair of trajectories to distinguish between similar and
dissimilar portions. Our model is robust under noise and outliers, it does not
make any assumptions on the sampling rates on either trajectory, and it works
even if they are partially observed. Additionally, the model also yields a
scalar similarity score which can be used to rank multiple pairs of
trajectories according to similarity, e.g. in clustering applications. We also
present efficient algorithms for computing the similarity under our measures;
the worst-case running time is quadratic in the number of sample points.
Finally, we present an extensive experimental study evaluating the
effectiveness of our approach on real datasets, comparing with it with earlier
approaches, and illustrating many issues that arise in trajectory data. Our
experiments show that our approach is highly accurate in distinguishing similar
and dissimilar portions as compared to earlier methods even with sparse
sampling
Maintaining Contour Trees of Dynamic Terrains
We consider maintaining the contour tree of a piecewise-linear
triangulation that is the graph of a time varying height function
. We carefully describe the
combinatorial change in that happen as varies over time and
how these changes relate to topological changes in . We present a
kinetic data structure that maintains the contour tree of over time. Our
data structure maintains certificates that fail only when for two
adjacent vertices and in , or when two saddle vertices lie
on the same contour of . A certificate failure is handled in
time. We also show how our data structure can be extended to
handle a set of general update operations on and how it can be
applied to maintain topological persistence pairs of time varying functions
Preparation of high crystalline nanoparticles of rare-earth based complex pervoskites and comparison of their structural and magnetic properties with bulk counterparts
A simple route to prepare GdSrMnO nanoparticles by
ultrasonication of their bulk powder materials is presented in this article.
For comparison, GdSrMnO nanoparticles are also prepared by
ball milling. The prepared samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction
(XRD),field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive
X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS), and Superconducting
Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer. XRD Rietveld analysis is
carried out extensively for the determination of crystallographic parameters
and the amount of crystalline and amorphous phases. FESEM images demonstrate
the formation of nanoparticles with average particle size in the range of
50-100 nm for both ultrasonication and 4 hours (h) of ball milling. The bulk
materials and nanoparticles synthesized by both ultrasonication and 4 h ball
milling exhibit a paramagnetic to spin-glass transition. However, nanoparticles
synthesized by 8 h and 12 h ball milling do not reveal any phase transition,
rather show an upturn of magnetization at low temperature. The degradation of
the magnetic properties in ball milled nanoparticles may be associated with
amorphization of the nanoparticles due to ball milling particularly for milling
time exceeding 8 h. This investigation demonstrates the potential of
ultrasonication as a simple route to prepare high crystalline rare-earth based
manganite nanoparticles with improved control compared to the traditional ball
milling technique.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
Quantifying shape, size, and composition distributions of nanoparticle aerosols by impaction and electron microscopy
Absorption-free optical control of spin systems:the quantum Zeno effect in optical pumping
We show that atomic spin motion can be controlled by circularly polarized
light without light absorption in the strong pumping limit. In this limit, the
pumping light, which drives the empty spin state, destroys the Zeeman coherence
effectively and freezes the coherent transition via the quantum Zeno effect. It
is verified experimentally that the amount of light absorption decreases
asymptotically to zero as the incident light intensity is increased.Comment: 4 pages with 4 figure
Graphite Nanoeraser
We present here a method for cleaning intermediate-size (5~50nm)
contamination from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. Electron beam deposition
causes a continuous increase of carbonaceous material on graphene and graphite
surfaces, which is difficult to remove by conventional techniques. Direct
mechanical wiping using a graphite nanoeraser is observed to drastically reduce
the amount of contamination. After the mechanical removal of contamination, the
graphite surfaces were able to self-retract after shearing, indicating that van
der Waals contact bonding is restored. Since contact bonding provides an
indication of a level of cleanliness normally only attainable in a high-quality
clean-room, we discuss potential applications in preparation of ultraclean
surfaces.Comment: 10 pages, two figure
Rotational cooling of molecules using lamps
We investigate theoretically the application of tailored incoherent
far-infrared fields in combination with laser excitation of a single
rovibrational transition for rotational cooling of translationally cold polar
diatomic molecules. The cooling schemes are effective on a timescale shorter
than typical unperturbed trapping times in ion traps and comparable to
obtainable confinement times of neutral molecules.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Can We Trust Real Time Measurements of Lung Deposited Surface Area Concentrations in Dust from Powder Nanomaterials?
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