Strukturer i et mediaarkiv : analyse av hvordan NRK beskriver sine nyhetsinnslag, og hvordan det kan tenkes påvirke framtidens forståelse av vår samtid.

Our understanding of the society and the world around us is partly communicated to us through the newsmedia. The language used, both written, oral and images, affects the way that we talk about, understand and act upon certain events. In a newsbroadcast there are several interpretations and representations, all communicated in various forms of language, and this language will in turn be the basis for the language that is being used when a news segment is being described in an archive. I have analyzed how the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) describe their news segments in a digital archive structure. By using a critical discourse analysis, I have looked at how NRK covered two foreign events, and how that material is being described in the form of metadata. My study was on two events that gained a lot of media attention in Norway at the time. One of them is the riots that took place in Great Britain in august 2011, and the second event is the riots that happened in Sweden in may 2013. The news coverage of these events used images to communicate what happened to a large degree. The choice of images and how the news presented the stories, I suggest, have an affect on how norwegian society percieved them. By using a critical discourse analysis on the metadata for these news segments, I analyzed how the representations of the news stories are available in NRKs digital archiving structure, Programbanken. The main representations and identities that the news segments produced are recurrent in the metadata, and in turn becomes the terms that will give results on searches within the archive structure. As the news segments from 2011 was being described by metadata professionals from the metadata section, and the metadata for the segments from 2013 is a result of the journalists themselves ascribing metadata, a comparison show that the journalists describe the material in a far lesser extent than the professionals at the metadata section. My basis of this study is that the archivist have profound impact on the material, as they have an active part in how the material is being made available, by the language they use to describe any material

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Water vapor sorption dynamics in different compressions of eelgrass insulation

Eelgrass shows potential in meeting the rising demands towards new, sustainable materials. It hosts a range of characteristics that benefits its application as a building material, such as thermal and acoustic insulating properties that can compete with conventional mineral wool insulation. However, as a porous bio-based building material, the moisture performance of eelgrass must be assessed to ensure its practical application. In this study, experimental investigations are conducted by a new automated vapor sorption analyzer (VSA) to measure adsorption and desorption of water vapor on different compressions of eelgrass insulation, ranging from loose strands to densely compacted insulation batts. Overall, higher sorption dynamics are observed in eelgrass insulation compared to conventional mineral wool insulation. Loose strands of eelgrass depict higher dynamics (including hysteresis) for the full range of relative humidity in comparison to insulation batts, potentially due to additional binder. Increasing the compression of eelgrass insulation batts results in lower sorption dynamics in the >70% relative humidity range. A Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer model is applied that shows good fit with the experimental data and may be applied in moisture transfer calculations. This study furthers the potential of compressing eelgrass for application in passive design strategies through its moisture buffering capabilities

Temperature effects on geotechnical properties of kaolin clay: Simultaneous measurements of consolidation characteristics, shear stiffness, and permeability using a modified oedometer

The increased worldwide use of shallow geothermal energy systems including ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) have given concerns of possible temperature effects on soil geotechnical properties. In this study, the effects of temperature on mechanical characteristics such as consolidation settlement, shear stiffness, and permeability of kaolin clay were investigated. A modified oedometer apparatus which allows the simultaneous measurements of consolidation settlement, shear wave velocity, and hydraulic conductivity was developed and used. Consolidation tests on preconsolidated kaolin samples (two sample sizes: ϕ 6 cm x H 10 cm and ϕ 6 cm x H 2 cm) were performed under sequentially increasing consolidation pressures at three different temperatures (5 °C, 15 °C, and 40 °C). Larger apparent preconsolidation pressure, Pac, was seen at higher temperature (40 °C) for both sample sizes, but only for samples having relatively high initial void ratios between 1.53 and 1.62. Relatively higher shear modulus as a function of void ratio was observed for samples at higher temperature, suggesting that changes in fabric structure (likely caused by enhanced inter-particle forces between clay particles at higher temperature) resulted in the increased shear stiffness and, thus, higher Pac at 40 °C. Oppositely, temperature effects on theManuscript received February 5, 2013. This work was partly funded by a grant from the Research Management Bureau, Saitama University, the grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (No.22860012), and a JSPS bilateral research project. This work was also partially supported by a CREST project, a research grant from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST).E. E. Mon is with Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan. (phone/fax: (+81) 48-858-3116; e-mail: [email protected]).S. Hamamoto, is with Graduate School of Science and Engineering, and Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan. (e-mail: [email protected])K. Kawamoto is with Graduate School of Science and Engineering, and Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan. (e-mail: [email protected]).T. Komatsu is with Graduate School of Science and Engineering, and Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan. (e-mail: [email protected]).P. Mødrup is with Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark. (e-mail: [email protected]). permeability of kaolin clay were not significant within the studied temperature range between 5 °C and 40 °C