Digitale Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung: Trendstudie

Die vom SINUS-Institut im Auftrag der Aktion Mensch erstellte Trendstudie "Digitale Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung" befasst sich mit den Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung für die gesellschaftliche Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung. Die Studie besteht aus drei aufeinander aufbauenden Modulen. Der zunächst durchgeführten Trendanalyse und -projektion folgen Tiefeninterviews mit 12 Expert*innen und schließlich mit 43 Menschen mit unterschiedlichen Beeinträchtigungen im gesamten Bundesgebiet. Die Befragungen fanden im Herbst 2019 statt. Die Lebenswelten und sozialen Lagen der befragten Menschen mit Behinderung waren dabei sehr unterschiedlich. An der Studie waren Menschen aus allen sozialen Milieus beteiligt. In der Analyse der Interviews zeigen sich deutlich mehr Chancen als Risiken für die zukünftige Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung. Insbesondere die wachsende Vielfalt der digitalen Möglichkeiten in Arbeit und Bildung lassen großes Potenzial für die digitale Inklusion erwarten. Voraussetzung dafür sind vor allem eine flächendeckend barrierefreie Infrastruktur sowie die kontinuierliche Einbeziehung von Menschen mit Behinderung in die Gestaltung neuer Angebote

Absence of Mycoplasma spp. in nightingales (Luscinia megarhynchos) and blue (Cyanistes caeruleus) and great tits (Parus major) in Germany and its potential implication for evolutionary studies in birds

Mycoplasma spp. are important pathogens in poultry and cause high economic losses for poultry industry worldwide. In other bird species (e.g. white storks, birds of prey, and several waterfowl species), Mycoplasma spp. are regularly found in healthy individuals, hence, considered apathogenic or part of the microbiota of the upper respiratory tract. However, as Mycoplasma spp. are absent in healthy individuals of some wild bird species, they might play a role as respiratory pathogen in these bird species, e.g. Mycoplasma gallisepticum in house finches. The knowledge on the occurrence of Mycoplasma spp. in wild birds is limited. To evaluate the relevance of Mycoplasma spp. in free-ranging nightingales and tits, 172 wild caught birds were screened for the presence of mycoplasmas. The birds were sampled via choanal swabs and examined via molecular methods (n = 172) and, when possible, via culture (n = 142). The Mycoplasma sp. was determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S Intergenic Transcribed Spacer Region. All birds were tested negative for mycoplasmas via PCR and/or mycoplasmal culture. Hence, free-ranging nightingales and tits do not show any mycoplasma in their microbial flora of the respiratory tract. Therefore, these songbird species may suffer from clinical mycoplasmosis when being infected. We hypothesize that birds relying on their vocal ability for reproduction have excluded mycoplasmas from their respiratory flora compared to other bird species

Barrieren des Demografiemanagements überwinden und Wandel erfolgreich gestalten: Barriereanalysetool

Die Broschüre „Barrieren des Demografiemanagements überwinden und Wandel erfolgreich gestalten“ beinhaltet mit dem Barriereanalysetool einen Selbstcheck, mit dem Unternehmen testen können, welches Bewusstsein für das Demografiemanagement in ihrem Unternehmen herrscht und welche Instrumente des Demografiemanagements angewendet werden. Anhand der Auswertung des Selbstchecks können die Unternehmen ablesen, welche Relevanz die demografischen Entwicklungen (u.a. Fachkräftemangel, alternde Belegschaft) in ihrem Unternehmen aktuell haben. Darüber hinaus werden praktische Handlungsempfehlungen und Tipps für weitere Aktivitäten in dem jeweiligen Themengebiet vorgestellt.:Vorwort Wie kann das Analysetool eingesetzt werden? 1 Instrumente des Demografiemanagements 2 Barrieren 2.1 Unterstützer des Demografiemanagements 2.2 Wahrnehmung der demografischen Herausforderungen 2.3 Nutzung demografiespezifischer Ressourcen 2.4 Generationenmanagement 2.5 Entwicklung und Anpassung des Personalmanagements 2.6 Stellung des Personalmanagements im Unternehmen 3 Fazit 4 Erweiterte Literaturzusammenfassun

Molecular Characterization of Putative Chordoma Cell Lines

Immortal tumor cell lines are an important model system for cancer research, however, misidentification and cross-contamination of cell lines are a common problem. Seven chordoma cell lines are reported in the literature, but none has been characterized in detail. We analyzed gene expression patterns and genomic copy number variations in five putative chordoma cell lines (U-CH1, CCL3, CCL4, GB60, and CM319). We also created a new chordoma cell line, U-CH2, and provided genotypes for cell lines for identity confirmation. Our analyses revealed that CCL3, CCL4, and GB60 are not chordoma cell lines, and that CM319 is a cancer cell line possibly derived from chordoma, but lacking expression of key chordoma biomarkers. U-CH1 and U-CH2 both have gene expression profiles, copy number aberrations, and morphology consistent with chordoma tumors. These cell lines also harbor genetic changes, such as loss of p16, MTAP, or PTEN, that make them potentially useful models for studying mechanisms of chordoma pathogenesis and for evaluating targeted therapies

Совершенствование товарной политики предприятия

Важным инструментом маркетинговой деятельности предприятия является товарная политика. Умелое управление товарной политикой позволит предприятию выжить в условиях жесткой конкуренции и стать преуспевающим. Объектом исследования является ООО "Хризолит". Цель работы – анализ товарной политики предприятия, товарного ассортимента, а так же конкурентоспособности продукции. В процессе исследования были рассмотрены вопросы: структура номенклатуры и товарного ассортимента, сегментирование рынка и анализ системы продвижения товаров. Изменение экономических показателей предприятия, анализ конкурентов. Областью применения является управление товарной политикой предприятия. Экономическая эффективность заключается в прогнозировании увеличения выручки предприятия и расширении ассортимента.An important tool of marketing activity of enterprise is trade policy. Skillful management of product policy will allow the company to survive in tough competition and become successful. The object of the research is of "Chrysolite". The work purpose – the analysis of the commodity policy of the enterprise, product range and product competitiveness. In the research process was discussed: structure, nomenclature and product portfolio, market segmentation and analysis promotion of products. Change of economic indicators of enterprises analysis of competitors. Scope is the management of a commodity policy of the enterprise. Economic efficiency is forecasting increasing sales and expanding the range

Filled Carbon Nanotubes as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Downsizing well-established materials to the nanoscale is a key route to novel functionalities, in particular if different functionalities are merged in hybrid nanomaterials. Hybrid carbon-based hierarchical nanostructures are particularly promising for electrochemical energy storage since they combine benefits of nanosize effects, enhanced electrical conductivity and integrity of bulk materials. We show that endohedral multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT) encapsulating high-capacity (here: conversion and alloying) electrode materials have a high potential for use in anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIB). There are two essential characteristics of filled CNT relevant for application in electrochemical energy storage: (1) rigid hollow cavities of the CNT provide upper limits for nanoparticles in their inner cavities which are both separated from the fillings of other CNT and protected against degradation. In particular, the CNT shells resist strong volume changes of encapsulates in response to electrochemical cycling, which in conventional conversion and alloying materials hinders application in energy storage devices. (2) Carbon mantles ensure electrical contact to the active material as they are unaffected by potential cracks of the encapsulate and form a stable conductive network in the electrode compound. Our studies confirm that encapsulates are electrochemically active and can achieve full theoretical reversible capacity. The results imply that encapsulating nanostructures inside CNT can provide a route to new high-performance nanocomposite anode materials for LIB.Comment: Invite

EGFR inhibitors identified as a potential treatment for chordoma in a focused compound screen: Focused Compound Screen in Chordoma

Chordoma is a rare malignant bone tumour with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. We undertook a focused compound screen (FCS) against 1097 compounds on three well-characterized chordoma cell lines; 154 compounds were selected from the single concentration screen (1 µm), based on their growth-inhibitory effect. Their half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) values were determined in chordoma cells and normal fibroblasts. Twenty-seven of these compounds displayed chordoma selective cell kill and 21/27 (78%) were found to be EGFR/ERBB family inhibitors. EGFR inhibitors in clinical development were then studied on an extended cell line panel of seven chordoma cell lines, four of which were sensitive to EGFR inhibition. Sapitinib (AstraZeneca) emerged as the lead compound, followed by gefitinib (AstraZeneca) and erlotinib (Roche/Genentech). The compounds were shown to induce apoptosis in the sensitive cell lines and suppressed phospho-EGFR and its downstream pathways in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of substituent patterns suggested that EGFR-inhibitors with small aniline substituents in the 4-position of the quinazoline ring were more effective than inhibitors with large substituents in that position. Sapitinib showed significantly reduced tumour growth in two xenograft mouse models (U-CH1 xenograft and a patient-derived xenograft, SF8894). One of the resistant cell lines (U-CH2) was shown to express high levels of phospho-MET, a known bypass signalling pathway to EGFR. Neither amplifications (EGFR, ERBB2, MET) nor mutations in EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB4, PIK3CA, BRAF, NRAS, KRAS, PTEN, MET or other cancer gene hotspots were detected in the cell lines. Our findings are consistent with the reported (p-)EGFR expression in the majority of clinical samples, and provide evidence for exploring the efficacy of EGFR inhibitors in the treatment of patients with chordoma and studying possible resistance mechanisms to these compounds in vitro and in vivo. © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland

Das Ländliche als kulturelle Kategorie: aktuelle kulturwissenschaftliche Perspektiven auf Stadt-Land-Beziehungen

Das Ländliche hat Konjunktur. Zwischen medialer »Landlust« und realem Strukturwandel in den ländlichen Räumen Europas differenziert es sich dynamisch aus. Idylle oder Problemregion? Arbeitsort oder Freizeitpark? Repräsentationen und lebensweltliche Erfahrungen des Ländlichen avancieren zu einem alltagskulturellen Konfliktfeld, auf dem sich vor einem historischen Hintergrund elementare Problemlagen der Gegenwart und die Komplexität von kulturellen Land-Stadt-Beziehungen spiegeln.Die Beiträge des Bandes liefern hierzu Einsichten aus der Forschungsperspektive der Europäischen Ethnologie und rahmen das Thema damit für historische und gegenwartsbezogene Kulturanalysen begrifflich, methodisch und theoretisch