Analysis of Moderate Altitude Induced Changes on the Synthesis of Erythropoietin

The present investigation is proposed to elucidate the changes on erythropoietin levels induced by the exposure to Ootacamund. For this purpose, fifteen male handball players in the age group of 20 to 25 years were selected as subjects from Annamalai University, during their competitive season. The erythropoietin was selected as dependent variable and it was appraised using procedures and instruments of scientific standards at Chidamabaram (sea level) and during the sixth hour of acute exposure to Ootacamund (moderate altitude). To compare the changes on erythropoietin at moderate altitude with that of the sea level, „t? test was used. The analysis of data revealed that there is a significant amplification on erythropoietin in response to moderate altitude exposure, since the obtained „t? ratio for 14 degrees of freedom is 11.233 (p < 0.05. Exposure to Ootacamund had an affirmative impact on erythropoietin. This result suggests that exposure to Ootacamund is capable of inducing significant changes on erythropoietin and thereby enhanced aerobic endurance performance of sportsperson

Efficacy of Intensive and Extensive Interval Training on Selected Biomotor Abilities among Schoolboys

The present study was to compare the intensive and extensive interval training effects on selected biomotor abilities among schoolboys. For this purpose, forty-five male students of Okkoor Vellayan Chettiyar Higher Secondary School, Manamadurai, Sivagangai District, in the age group of 16 to 18 years were randomly selected as subjects. The selected subjects were assigned to one of the three groups namely; intensive interval training, extensive interval training and control group of fifteen subjects each. The selected dependent variables such as cardiorespiratory endurance and speed were appraised using methods and instruments of scientific standards. The experimental groups underwent their respective training programme for three days a week for eight weeks. To statistically analyse the changes on criterion variables, ‘ANCOVA’ and Scheffé S test were used. The analysis of data revealed significant improvement on selected criterion variables as a result of experimental treatment. Where, intensive interval training amplified speed significantly, while extensive interval training enhanced cardiorespiratory endurance better. These results suggest that interval training of varied intensity may be adopted according to the need of the player

Comparison of Selected Cardiovascular Profiles between Novice and Trained Soccer Players

The study was proposed to compare the selected cardiovascular profiles between novice and trained soccer players. To achieve this purpose of the study, thirty-seven (37) male soccer players from Malappuram district in Kerala state in the age group of 14 through 18 years were selected as subjects. The selected subjects were confined to the categorization made on the basis of training status (novice and trained). The cardiovascular profiles chosen as criterion variables were heart rate and stroke volume. Echocardiography was used to assess the selected criterion variables by adopting standardized procedures. The data thus collected were statistically examined by applying independent sample T test to find out the significant variation between groups. The α value of 0.05 was set for statistical significance. The outcome of the study demonstrates the existence of significant difference between novice and trained soccer players on heart rate and stroke volume, and thereby it implies that the training status has a statistically significant influence on heart rate and stroke volume

Evaluation of Selected Anthropometric Characteristics Physical Fitness and Athletic Performance of RDT Hockey Academy adapted Schoolgirls in the Rayalasema District of Andhra Pradesh

This investigation was purported to evaluate the selected anthropometric characteristics physical fitness and athletic performance of schoolgirls adapted by RDT hockey academy in the Rayalasema district of Andhra Pradesh, India. For this reason, 547 schoolgirls from twenty-six (26) schools in four (4) different districts adapted by RDT hockey academy in the Rayalasema District of Andhra Pradesh, India were considered as subjects. These subjects were in the age group of 11 to 16 years, and they were assessed for their selected anthropometric characteristics (height, weight), physical fitness (speed, explosive power) and athletic performance (100m dash) using standardized tests and procedures. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis by means of One-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni corrections post hoc test. The confidence interval was fixed at p<0.05 in all cases. The research findings ensure statistically considerable age difference on selected variables, and it implies that age differences influence almost all fitness parameters

The Changes on Creatine Kinase in Response to Aerobic Exercise among Novice and Trained Soccer Players of Different Ages

The study was intended to evaluate the creatine kinase responses to exercise among novice and trained soccer players of different ages. Sixty male adolescent soccer players aged 14 and 16 years were selected as participants, of whom thirty of them were trained soccer players and the rest were novice to the sport. The participants were segregated into four groups of fifteen each, namely: junior novice soccer players, senior novice soccer players, junior trained soccer players, and senior trained soccer players. The independent variable confined to this study is aerobic exercise stress testing using Bruce treadmill protocol to evaluate its influence on creatine kinase. The data on creatine kinase was measured at rest and after exercise condition. The data thus collected from novice and trained soccer players of different ages at rest and after exercise condition have been analyzed by three way factorial ANOVA. The finding of the study concludes that there is a statistically significant difference between novice and trained soccer players of different ages at rest and after exercise on creatine kinase

Effect of Fartlek Training on Selected Physiological Parameters among College Male Athletes

The study was proposed to examine the effect of fartlek training on cardiorespiratory endurance, breathe holding time, and pulse rate. To achieve this purpose of the study, thirty male students of SMSS Government Boys Higher Secondary School, Shengottai, were randomly selected, in the age group of fourteen to sixteen years. The selected subjects were divided into two groups. Group I underwent fartlek training programme for twelve weeks and they designated as experimental group. Group II is the control group, which does not undergo any type of systematic training programme during the period of study. The study was restricted to the appraisal of cardiorespiratory endurance, breathe holding time, and resting pulse rate prior to and after experimentation. The pre and post test data of both the groups thus collected were statistically examined by applying analysis of covariance. The outcome of the study demonstrates that statistically significant improvement on cardiorespiratory endurance, while breathe holding time and resting pulse rate were not evolved. It implies that undergoing fartlek training programme confined to this study is worthy enough to enhance cardiorespiratory endurance, but not on breathe holding time and resting pulse rate

Predominance of Selected Anthropometric Measurements and Motor Fitness Components on Playing Ability of Basketball Players

The study was intended to select the minimum number of determinant variables (anthropometric measurements & motor fitness components) that would provide highest multiple correlation co-efficient with the criterion variable (basketball playing ability) and to compute a multiple regression equation. Twenty basketball specialization students of Annamalai University, were selected as subjects with an informed consent. The age of the selected subjects ranged from 18 through 22 years. The study was restricted to the objective assessment of selected anthropometric measurements (neck girth, axillary arm girth, biceps girth, forearm girth, wrist girth, hand length, palm length, shoulder girth, chest girth, waist girth, thigh girth, calf girth, ankle girth, foot length, foot breadth, standing height, weight) and motor fitness components (back strength, leg strength, agility, flexibility, power, speed) and subjective rating of playing ability by judges. The data thus collected have been analyzed by the procedure of Wherry-Doolittle method of multiple correlations as given by Clarke and Clarke. The results show that the obtained multiple correlations co-efficient of 0.9699 is significant at 0.05 level with a forecasting efficiency of 76%. It was also noted that the multiple regression equation derived by this study to assess the basketball playing ability from the selected determinant variables such as leg strength, axillary arm girth and width of the foot has comparatively low standard error of estimate

Comparison of Wavelet Filters in Image Coding and Denoising using Embedded Zerotree Wavelet Algorithm

Abstract: In this study, we present Embedded Zerotree Wavelet (EZW) algorithm to compress the image using different wavelet filters such as Biorthogonal, Coiflets, Daubechies, Symlets and Reverse Biorthogonal and to remove noise by setting appropriate threshold value while decoding. Compression methods are important in telemedicine applications by reducing number of bits per pixel to adequately represent the image. Data storage requirements are reduced and transmission efficiency is improved because of compressing the image. The EZW algorithm is an effective and computationally efficient technique in image coding. Obtaining the best image quality for a given bit rate and accomplishing this task in an embedded fashion are the two problems addressed by the EZW algorithm. A technique to decompose the image using wavelets has gained a great deal of popularity in recent years. Apart from very good compression performance, EZW algorithm has the property that the bitstream can be truncated at any point and still be decoded with a good quality image. All the standard wavelet filters are used and the results are compared with different thresholds in the encoding section. Bit rate versus PSNR simulation results are obtained for the image 256x256 barbara with different wavelet filters. It shows that the computational overhead involved with Daubechies wavelet filters but are produced better results. Like even missing details i.e., higher frequency components are picked by them which are missed by other family of wavelet filters

RF Sputtered Nb-Doped MoS2 Thin Film for Effective Detection of NO2 Gas Molecules: Theoretical and Experimental Studies

This is the final version. Available on open access from the American Chemical Society via the DOI in this recordDoping plays a significant role in affecting the physical and chemical properties of two-dimensional (2D) dichalcogenide materials. Controllable doping is one of the major factors in the modification of the electronic and mechanical properties of 2D materials. MoS2 2D materials have gained significant attention in gas sensing owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio. However, low response and recovery time hinder their application in practical gas sensors. Herein, we report the enhanced gas response and recovery of Nb-doped MoS2 gas sensor synthesized through physical vapor deposition (PVD) toward NO2 at different temperatures. The electronic states of MoS2 and Nb-doped MOS2 monolayers grown by PVD were analyzed based on their work functions. Doping with Nb increases the work function of MoS2 and its electronic properties. The Nb-doped MoS2 showed an ultrafast response and recovery time of t rec = 30/85 s toward 5 ppm of NO2 at their optimal operating temperature (100 °C). The experimental results complement the electron difference density functional theory calculation, showing both physisorption and chemisorption of NO2 gas molecules on niobium substitution doping in MoS2.Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JapanEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC

Bone Marrow Is a Major Parasite Reservoir in Plasmodium vivax Infection

ABSTRACT Plasmodium vivax causes heavy burdens of disease across malarious regions worldwide. Mature P. vivax asexual and transmissive gametocyte stages occur in the blood circulation, and it is often assumed that accumulation/sequestration in tissues is not an important phase in their development. Here, we present a systematic study of P. vivax stage distributions in infected tissues of nonhuman primate (NHP) malaria models as well as in blood from human infections. In a comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of P. vivax and Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage parasites, we found a conserved cascade of stage-specific gene expression despite the greatly different gametocyte maturity times of these two species. Using this knowledge, we validated a set of conserved asexual- and gametocyte-stage markers both by quantitative real-time PCR and by antibody assays of peripheral blood samples from infected patients and NHP (Aotus sp.). Histological analyses of P. vivax parasites in organs of 13 infected NHP (Aotus and Saimiri species) demonstrated a major fraction of immature gametocytes in the parenchyma of the bone marrow, while asexual schizont forms were enriched to a somewhat lesser extent in this region of the bone marrow as well as in sinusoids of the liver. These findings suggest that the bone marrow is an important reservoir for gametocyte development and proliferation of malaria parasites