Thermal vibrational convection in near-critical fluids. Part 2. Weakly non-uniform heating

The governing equations and effective boundary conditions to describe thermal vibrational convection in a near-critical fluid are derived with the help of the multiple-scale method and averaging procedure. In contrast to Part 1, this paper focuses on the effects of density non-homogeneities caused not by external heating but by vibrational and gravity stratifications due to the divergent mechanical compressibility of near-critical media. It is shown that vibrations generate non-homogeneities in the average temperature, which result in the onset of thermal convection even under isothermal boundary conditions. An agreement with the results of previous numerical and asymptotical analyses and with experiments is found.<br/

Heat flow and thermal history of the moon

An analysis was made of current heat flow data and thermal models of lunar evolution which satisfy the diverse information that has accumulated on internal processes

EVALUATION OF THE MAIN RESULTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA FOR 2015

The 2015 economic crisis in Russia has slowed, but the drop is not completely stopped, which is reflected in the results of the power industry. In 2015, compared with 2014 power consumption continued to decline, as in Russia as a whole, and in terms of centralized power. Decreased the maximum load. At the same time, there have been positive trends: capacities update, the number of accidents has decreased, network losses were reduced, the wholesale market of electric power and capacity has been further developed. However, the introduction of new capacities has led, on the one hand, to improve the reliability of power supply, and on the other, an increase in the cost of electricity and, consequently, to nonpayment

DISTRICT HEATING OR DECENTRALIZED BOILERS IN RUSSIA

The carried-out analysis showed that decrease in competitiveness of the centralized heat supply in Russia happened due to reduction of need for couple of industrial bodies, the increased wear, and imperfection of mechanisms of division of expenses between the electric power and heat at their cogeneration. In article it is noted that growth of number of participants and lack of uniform technical and investment policy of various sources of heat supply created an opportunity and need of formation of the local competitive markets of heat. The author proves that establishment of limit of a tariff for thermal energy with orientation to «an alternative boiler room» will promote overestimate of tariffs in the majority of regions of the country and discredits the idea of the competitive market of heat

Physical Parameters of Polymer Composite Materials Created on the Basis of Low and High Molecular Weight Rubbers

ABSTRACT. The theoretical foundations of the structural and mechanical behavior of filled three-dimensional cross-linked elastomers are supplemented. Numerical experiments are carried out, based on the data of numerical experiments, three dimensional cross linked, filled with dispersed particles frost-resistant elastomers based on low and high molecular weight rubbers are developed. Theoretical and experimental data are compared and their good convergence is shown. Comparison of the physical parameters of the composites created by the authors on the basis of low and high molecular weight rubbers showed that the deformation characteristics of the composite based on high molecular weight rubbers are many times superior to composites based on low molecular weight, as well as their glass transition temperature is also very different. The created composites are recommended as a structural material in relation to the engineering problem of creating wear-resistant parts and components of road and air transport operated in a wide temperature range, including the Far North and the Arctic. &nbsp

EVALUATION OF THE MAIN RESULTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA FOR 2015

The 2015 economic crisis in Russia has slowed, but the drop is not completely stopped, which is reflected in the results of the power industry. In 2015, compared with 2014 power consumption continued to decline, as in Russia as a whole, and in terms of centralized power. Decreased the maximum load. At the same time, there have been positive trends: capacities update, the number of accidents has decreased, network losses were reduced, the wholesale market of electric power and capacity has been further developed. However, the introduction of new capacities has led, on the one hand, to improve the reliability of power supply, and on the other, an increase in the cost of electricity and, consequently, to nonpayment

Thermosolutal convection in a horizontal porous layer heated from below in the presence of a horizontal through flow

In this paper, we study the effect of a homogeneous longitudinal through flow on the onset of convection in a horizontal porous layer saturated by a binary fluid and heated from below or above. The layer boundaries are subjected to a constant heat flux. The investigation is made by taking the Soret effect into account. It is found that in the case of positive separation ratio when the denser component moves toward the cooler wall, through flow has no effect on the stability threshold but exerts an orientating effect on the convective patterns. For negative separation ratio, a strong destabilization occurs of the spatially homogeneous state with respect to long-wave disturbances. The stability range for long-wavelength convective rolls is defined