DeLTA: GPU Performance Model for Deep Learning Applications with In-depth Memory System Traffic Analysis

Training convolutional neural networks (CNNs) requires intense compute throughput and high memory bandwidth. Especially, convolution layers account for the majority of the execution time of CNN training, and GPUs are commonly used to accelerate these layer workloads. GPU design optimization for efficient CNN training acceleration requires the accurate modeling of how their performance improves when computing and memory resources are increased. We present DeLTA, the first analytical model that accurately estimates the traffic at each GPU memory hierarchy level, while accounting for the complex reuse patterns of a parallel convolution algorithm. We demonstrate that our model is both accurate and robust for different CNNs and GPU architectures. We then show how this model can be used to carefully balance the scaling of different GPU resources for efficient CNN performance improvement

INTEGRATED ECOLOGICAL PLANNING IN SINGAPORE: NEOTIEWPIA ECO-VILLAGE IN BUSTLING METROPOLITAN

ABSTRACT :The Neotiewpia Eco-Village is located within the Lim Chu Kang district at the north of Singapore. The Eco-Village only comprised of 3.5 sq km. Meanwhile the area was dominated by farms, chalets and Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve. In 2006, National University of Singapore, School of Design and Environment (SDE), MSc. Environmental Management and Nature Society of Singapore initiated an ecological planning exercise within the Neotiewpia site to reduce the environmental impact from the development while providing Eco-friendly Tourism and R&D activities that feasible in the site. We did participate in the exercise and we tried explaining the ecological process, the limitation and potential development for integrated ecological planning framework in Developing Countries like Indonesia, Brazil, etc with high ecological-values ecosystems. The Vision of Neotiewpia was “A Model Eco-Village that Respects its Natural Heritage, Builds Strong Community Links and Promotes Economic Development on Nature’s Premises." And Neotiewpia was successfully planned and designed with integrated ecological planning approach. It embraced the land evaluation and impact assessment. Further the plan was found feasible by the Singapore Government by earmarking the Lim Chu Kang and Kranji for Agri-tainment development in 2008 (although partially implemented). The Neotiewpia or Lim Chu Kang area was found thriving with Green-Economy and Agro-Tourism. This integrated ecological planning could be translated to other areas in Developing Countries with agriculture potential and facing development pressures such as Neotiewpia. This concept would give alternate Green-Solution to the current economic crisis

Optimization of Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Parameters for Melastomatacea Spp. Using Green Fluorescent Protein(GFP) as A Reporter

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation for both Melastoma malabathricum and Tibouchinu semidecanda were optimized using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter. The binary vector pCAMBIA1304 harboring the modified green fluorescent protein (mgfp) gene driven by the CuMV 35S promoter was used. Parameters optimized were bacterial strain, bacterial concentration, pre-culture period, co-cultivation period,immersion time, acetosyring concentration and wounding type. Results obtained obtained were based on the percentage of (GFP expression which was observed 3 days post-transformation. Agrobacterium tumefaciens starin LBA4404 and EHA105 at concentration 1 X 107 cfu ml -1 (OD 600mm 0.8) showed the highest virulence on M. malabathricum and T.semidecandra, respectively. Four days of pre-culture and 2 days of co-cultivation were optimum for M.malabathricum transformation, while 3 days of pre-culture and co-cultivation fot T, semidecandra, . result also showed that 60 min of immersion and addition of 200 p.M acetosyringone gave the highest percentage of positive transformants for both M. malabathricum and T.semidecandra. Mild wounding also significantly increased the efficiency 0f M.malabathricum transformation

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of melastoma malabathricum and tibouchina semidecandra with sense and antisense dihydroflavonol-4-reductase(DFR)genes.

Genetic engineering of a wide variety of plant species has led to the improvement of plant traits. In this study, the genetic transformation of two potentially important flowering ornamentals, Melastoma malabathricum and Tibouchina semidecandra, with sense and antisense dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR) genes using the Agrobacterium mediated method was carried out. Plasmids pBETD10 and pBETD11, each harbouring the DFR gene at different orientations (sense and antisense) and selectable marker npt II for kanamycin resistance, were used to transform M. malabathricum and T. semidecandra under the optimized transformation protocol. Putative transformants were selected in the presence of kanamycin with their respective optimized concentration. The results indicated that approximately 4.0% of shoots and 6.7% of nodes for M. malabathricum regenerated after transforming with pBETD10, whereas only 3.7% (shoots) and 5.3%(nodes) regenerated with pBETD11 transformation. For the selection of T. semidecandra, 5.3% of shoots and 9.3% of nodes regenerated with pBETD10 transformation, while only 4.7% (shoots) and 8.3% (nodes) regenerated after being transformed with pBETD11. The presence and integration of the sense and antisense DFR genes into the genome of M. malabathricum and T. semidecandra were verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequence alignment and confirmed by southern analysis. The regenerated putative transformants were acclimatized to glasshouse conditions. Approximately 31.0% pBETD10-ransformed and 23.1% pBETD11-transformed M. malabathricum survived in the glasshouse, whereas 69.4% pBETD10-transformed and 57.4% pBETD11-transformed T. semidecandra survived. The colour changes caused by transformation were observed at the budding stage of putative T. semidecandra transformants where greenish buds were produced by both T. semidecandra harbouring the sense and antisense DFR transgenes. Besides that, the production of four-petal flowers also indicated another morphological difference of putative T. semidecandra transformants from the wild type plants which produce five-petal flowers

Quantitative real-time PCR for determination of Transgene in Callus of Jatropha curcas

Jatropha curcas is an important plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae which is a potential candidate for biofuel production. Genetic transformation protocol for J. curcas callus mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens were optimized using a pCAMBIA1303 plasmid which carries green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene as a reporter. Results obtained were based on the highest percentage of GFP expression which was observed three days post-transformation. Immersion of callus into 1×105 cfu ml-1 (OD600nm 0.6) of A. tumefaciens LBA4404 with addition of 300 µM of acetosyringone for 45 min, two days of pre-culture and three days of co-cultivation periods were determined to be ideal for J. curcas callus transformation. Putative transformants were selected in the presence of 25 mg/l hygromycin. Surviving calli were transferred into proliferation media (MS with 1 mg/l NAA and 1 mg/l BAP) to proliferate the callus for further molecular analyses and to confirm the presence of the target GFP transgene in the putative transformants. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using a 35S specific primer pair confirmed the presence of the 454 bp of 35S promoter region from the transformed callus. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was carried out to demonstrate the integration and copy number of the 35S promoter in the putative tranformants. The 35S promoter gene (178 bp) as a target gene and J. curcas actin gene (179 bp) which functions as reference gene was designed to detect the positive transformants and control sample in real-time PCR reaction analysis. The results indicated that the actin specific PCR product was present in both the control and transformed calli, however the 35S PCR product was found only in the positive transformants. The similarity in CT values confirmed that both the genes were present as single copy thus confirming a single integration event

Extraction of phenolic antioxidants from four selected seaweeds obtained from Sabah

Algal have attracted attention from biomedical scientists as they are a valuable natural source of secondary metabolites that exhibit antioxidant activities. In this study, single-factor experiments were conducted to investigate the best extraction conditions (ethanol concentration, solid-to-solvent ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time) in extracting antioxidant compounds and capacities from four species of seaweeds (Sargassum polycystum, Eucheuma denticulatum, Kappaphycus alvarezzi variance Buaya and Kappaphycus alvarezzi variance Giant) from Sabah. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) assays were used to determine the phenolic and flavonoid concentrations, respectively, while 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacities of all seaweed extracts. Results showed that extraction parameters had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the antioxidant compounds and antioxidant capacities of seaweed. Sargassum polycystum portrayed the most antioxidant compounds (37.41 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW and 4.54 ± 0.02 mg CE/g DW) and capacities (2.00 ± 0.01 μmol TEAC/g DW and 0.84 ± 0.01 μmol TEAC/g DW) amongst four species of seaweed

Antisocial Personality Disorder/ Psychopathy With an Increase of Violent Crime

The work below is other research conducted in the same area, does having antisocial personality disorders or psychopathy make a person more violent. The study will include those who have committed a violent crime; to narrow the pool more, these individuals will be serving life sentences or be on death row. The individuals will have a rigorous interview to go through that will establish what traits they carry and if they have any specific disorders. The individuals’ files will then be analyzed. We are looking for what kind of crime, the nature of the crime, the violence used during the crime, and court transcripts from the defense looking for any mention of mental illness during the trial. Once the data is collected, it will be put through statistical software to calculate the R-value and see any statistical significance in mental health disorders and violent crimes. The study\u27s conclusion will then be presented with an explanation of whether the hypothesis is supported or if it is not supported. The article will end with a description of the study’s limitations and questions the experiment brings up.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/fsrs2021/1000/thumbnail.jp

Distribution and Economic Impacts of Leafy Spurge in North Dakota

The history, the distribution and the economics impacts of the weed, leafy spurge, in North Dakota, are reviewed for the reader. Leafy spurge was introduced as early as 1827 in Massachusetts. However, it did not develop into a problem under later in the Great Plains states. By 1950, this weed was found in every province of Canada, except for Newfoundland. Leafy spurge is found in all 53 counties of North Dakota. In those areas infested, the economic impacts of leafy spurge are first felt in hay and livestock productions. Next is the added costs of leafy spurge control, including chemicals and their application. The third effect is added expenditures on non-agricultural items such as roads, railroads, public utilities and government lands. The costs related to leafy spurge to the state of North Dakota averaging 1978-82 was approximately $13 million per year. The necessity of the continuance of management strategies of this weed are highlighted as being the appropriate measure to reduce future losses