Physicochemical and sensory properties of yogurt as affected by the incorporation of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) powder

The increase of soluble solids in milk by the addition of powdered products is a normal practice in the elaboration of yogurt in order to enhance viscosity, texture and sensory properties for the consumer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) powder (protein content, 420 g/kg) on the aforementioned quality properties of yogurt. Six formulations of yogurt were prepared with the addition of 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 or 10 g/100 mL jumbo squid powder, plus one formulation with 3 g/100 mL maltodextrin. During fermentation, yogurts formulated with squid powder gradually achieved greater viscosity while producing both more acidity and at a higher rate than the controls. Apart from lower pH (hence, higher titratable acidity) and higher viscosity, the final enriched yogurts presented lower syneresis than the controls (p < 0.05). Although the highest viscosity (58.90 Pa.s) and the lowest syneresis (1.00%) was achieved by the yogurt with 10 g/100 mL jumbo squid powder, it was the treatment formulated with 3 g/100 mL (pH 4.31, acidity 0.85 g/100 g, viscosity 40.90 Pa.s and syneresis 9.10%) that kept constant sensory properties, as evaluated by the panelists, while improving some physical properties of the control yogurts.The authors are grateful to Biologist Armando Solari and the Technological Institute of Production (ITP, Peru) for all support provided in the conduction of this research. Dr. Gonzales-Barron wishes to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the award of a five-year Investigator Fellowship (IF) in the mode of Development Grants (IF/00570).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estimation of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic response from one-dimensional gas chromatography data

Trabajo presentado a la XV Reunión Científica de la Sociedad Española de Cromatografía y Técnicas Afines (SECyTA) celebrada en Castellón de la Plana del 28 al 30 de octubre de 2015Optimization of a separation in comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) requires the selection of an appropriate set column, and the optimisation of their respective dimensions, temperature programs and flow rates. Until not so long ago, a time consuming trial and error process was the only way to select the columns and chromatographic conditions for the two GC dimensions. During the last few years, several attempts have been proposed to estimate the chromatographic response in GC×GC [1-4]. Although most of these methods are helpful contributions, some of them focussed exclusively on the retention time estimation and do not consider the effect of peak width, also essential for a correct prediction of the chromatographic separation capability. Others are based on theoretical formulas not applicable to the extreme experimental conditions used in GC×GC, or are only valid for specific types of compounds or stationary phases: these models cannot be corrected for different separation problems. In this work, modelization of retention time and peak width has been carried out from experimental 1D GC data in order to estimate the response in GC×GC separation for different column sets operated under different flows and temperatures. Several theoretical and experimental models are proposed for estimation of 1D and 2D retention time and peak width; in experimental models, 1D GC data are required together with information on column characteristics and operation conditions. Models for hold-up time, retention factor and peak width were first validated in 1D GC from the fit between experimental and calculated data. Their validation in GC×GC was carried out by using n-alkanes and a mixture of disaccharides as their trimethylsilyl oxime derivatives. Comparison of experimental and estimated data showed good results for retention time in both first and second dimension. Peak widths presented, however, some errors, caused by the no consideration on estimation of the effect of the modulator or the rather unusual chromatographic conditions used. The developed programme is very versatile as it can be used for the calculation of the chromatographic response of compounds with different polarity and volatility, analysed under different pressures and temperature ramps, and with different sets of columns. [1] J.V. Seeley, E.M. Libby, K.A.H. Edwards, S.K. Seeley, J. Chromatogr. A 1216 (2009) 1650. [2] F.L. Dorman, P.D. Schettler, L.A. Vogt, J.W. Cochran, J. Chromatogr. A 1186 (2008) 196. [3] Y. Zhao, J. Zhang, B. Wang, S.H. Kim, A. Fang, B. Bogdanov, Z. Zhou, C. McClain, X. Zhang, J. Chromatogr. A 1218 (2011) 2577. [4] S. Zhu, S. He, D.R. Worton, A.H. Goldstein, J. Chromatogr. A 1233 (2012) 147. Acknowledgements: This work has been funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (project CTQ2012-32957), Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) and European funding from FEDER program (AVANSECAL-CM S2013/ABI-3028) and Fundación Ramón Areces. ACS thanks Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain for a Ramón y Cajal contract.CTQ2012-32957Peer reviewe

Use of room temperature ionic liquids for the selective fractionation of bioactive ketoses from aldoses

This work deals with the effective fractionation of bioactive ketoses, i.e. lactulose and tagatose, from their corresponding aldoses, lactose and galactose, in equimolar binary mixtures driven by room temperature ionic liquids, i.e. 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([EMIM][DCA]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate ([BMIM][MeSO4]), respectively. Under assayed conditions, tagatose was found to be 6-fold more soluble on [BMIM][MeSO4] than galactose; meanwhile lactulose was 3 times more soluble than lactose on [EMIM][DCA]. As an application example in a more complex sample, a lactose isomerization mixture containing in addition lactulose and monosaccharides was enriched in this ketose by using [EMIM][DCA]. Carbohydrates were then successfully recovered from the ionic liquid following an activated charcoal-based treatment. Overall, lactulose content was enriched from a 24% in the initial isomerization reaction mixture to a 62% in the purified sample. These experimental results demonstrated the potential of ionic liquids as green alternative solvents for the selective fractionation of bioactive ketoses from their corresponding aldoses in food and beverage production.Authors thank Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (projects AGL2009-11909 and AGL2011-27884), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (project CTQ2012-32957) and the European founding from FEDER program for financial support. L. Ruiz-Aceituno is supported by CSIC by a JAE-Pre grant, co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF). C. Carrero-Carralero thanks Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) for a predoctoral contract.Peer Reviewe

Avaliação de genótipos de mamoeiro para resistência à Phytophthora palmivora.

O Brasil destaca-se no cenário mundial como um dos maiores produtores de mamão (Carica papaya L.). Porém, existe uma série de doenças a qual o mamoeiro está sujeito, tendo como destaque o ataque do pseudofungo Phytophthora, responsável pelas podridões que geram perdas significativas à produção

Métodos de inoculação de Beauveria bassiana na colonização endofítica de mudas de bananeira.

A cultura da bananeira possui grande expressão econômica e social em todo o mundo, onde é cultivada por pequenos, médios e grandes produtores. O principal inseto-praga da cultura é a broca do rizoma (Cosmopolites sordidus), conhecido vulgarmente como moleque dabananeira

The origin of power-law distributions in deterministic walks: the influence of landscape geometry

We investigate the properties of a deterministic walk, whose locomotion rule is always to travel to the nearest site. Initially the sites are randomly distributed in a closed rectangular ($A/L \times L)$ landscape and, once reached, they become unavailable for future visits. As expected, the walker step lengths present characteristic scales in one ($L \to 0$) and two ($A/L \sim L$) dimensions. However, we find scale invariance for an intermediate geometry, when the landscape is a thin strip-like region. This result is induced geometrically by a dynamical trapping mechanism, leading to a power law distribution for the step lengths. The relevance of our findings in broader contexts -- of both deterministic and random walks -- is also briefly discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev.

Eletroejaculação e características seminais em caititus (Tayassu tajacu) - resultados parciais.

Resumo 31.006. Disponível também on-line

iFADO project: contribution to the determination of the Good Environmental Status in the Atlantic Area through modeling and in situ monitoring approaches

The project iFADO ( innovation in the Framework of the Atlantic Deep Ocean ) aims to combine conventional monitoring programs (with special focus on novel semi-automatic techniques that can be applied for in situ biological monitoring) with emerging technologies (such as gliders, satellite imagery, etc.) and modeling approaches to assist the implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), providing tools for the optimization of observing strategies for better evaluation and forecasting of the Good Environmental Status (GES). Within this framework, the multidisciplinary iFADO cruise (within the RADPROF time series program, Instituto Español de Oceanografía) was carried out with transnational collaboration on summer 2020 along a standard coastal-oceanic transect off NW Iberian Peninsula, including physical, biogeochemical and biological measurements. Additionally, an effort is being made in the implementation and validation of existing and new biogeochemical models in the Atlantic margin, focusing on key variables for the implementation of MSFD Descriptors. The combination of iFADO models and in situ monitoring approaches not only might contribute data and potential indicators for MSFD Descriptors 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10, from coastal to open-ocean environments, but they are essential tools to detect, model and predict temporal changes in marine ecosystems in the study area

Desenvolvimento de protocolo de sedação e analgesia em caititus (Tayassu tajacu) para coleta de sêmen por eletroejaculação.

Conbravet. Disponível também on-line