11 research outputs found

    Modern aspects of epidemiology of congenital anomalies of development: methodological issues and the translation of research fndings into clinical practice

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    Progress achieved in the identifcation and characterization of the risk factors for congenital anomalies occur mainly from epidemiological studies, which gave many associations between risk factors and groups of birth defects. However, in clinical practice the transmission of these associations as the actual reasons remains very difcult. Characteristics and epidemiological analysis of possible factors, including drugs, associated with the occurrence of congenital anomalies, are crucial for the development of prevention activities that have an impact on the incidence of defects. To further reduce the global burden of birth defects can help the integration of studies in epidemiology, genetics and epigenetics through personalized and population oriented preventive strategies

    Ѐармакоэкономика ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ инструмСнт клиничСской Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€)

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    Pharmacoeconomics is an essential component of health technology assessment and the appraisal of medicines for use by patients. As a comparatively young discipline, its methods continue to evolve. Pharmacoeconomic analysis encompass cost-minimization, cost-utility, cost-benefit, and cost-effectiveness studies, providing essential information critical for optimization of pharmacotherapy, optimal healthcare resource allocation and drug development success.Ѐармакоэкономика являСтся Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ мСдицинских Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ экспСртизы лСкарствСнных срСдств для ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΠ½Π° являСтся ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ дисциплиной, Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ. ЀармакоэкономичСский Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ исслСдования Β«ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Β», Β«Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹-ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ», Β«Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹-ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ)Β» ΠΈ Β«Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹-ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ‹Π»ΡŒ (польза)Β», прСдоставляя Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ, ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ размСщСния рСсурсов здравоохранСния ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… лСкарствСнных ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²

    Pharmacoeconomics as an instrument of clinical pharmacology for optimization of pharmacotherapy (review)

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    Pharmacoeconomics is an essential component of health technology assessment and the appraisal of medicines for use by patients. As a comparatively young discipline, its methods continue to evolve. Pharmacoeconomic analysis encompass cost-minimization, cost-utility, cost-benefit, and cost-effectiveness studies, providing essential information critical for optimization of pharmacotherapy, optimal healthcare resource allocation and drug development success

    Π‘ΠžΠ’Π Π•ΠœΠ•ΠΠΠΠ― ΠŸΠΠ ΠΠ”Π˜Π“ΠœΠ Π€ΠΠ ΠœΠΠšΠžΠ›ΠžΠ“Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠžΠ“Πž Π˜Π‘Π‘Π›Π•Π”ΠžΠ’ΠΠΠ˜Π― Π‘ Π£Π§ΠΠ‘Π’Π˜Π•Πœ Π‘Π•Π Π•ΠœΠ•ΠΠΠ«Π₯ Π–Π•ΠΠ©Π˜Π: ΠžΠ¦Π•ΠΠšΠ РИБКА, ΠœΠžΠ ΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠž-Π­Π’Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠ˜Π• ПРИНЦИПЫ И Π Π•Π“Π£Π›Π―Π’ΠžΠ ΠΠ«Π™ ΠΠ‘ΠŸΠ•ΠšΠ’

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    This article is dedicated to the issue of studying drug efficacy and safety in pregnant women, i.e. to their participation in clinical studies. The authors emphasize that lack of evidence base on drug use makes physicians helpless against diseases and gestational pathological conditions. The authors demonstrate results of the completed clinical studies involving pregnant women. In this article, they analyze possible risks and ethical complications of pregnant women taking part in clinical studies, as well as modern possibilities of medicine and legislative base of a range of countries, which allow minimizing risks of taking part in a study both for mothers and their fetuses. The authors demonstrate that the international experience of resolving ethical and legal issues of clinical studies among children may facilitate settlement of many problems of this issue.Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ изучСния эффСктивности ΠΈ бСзопасности лСкарствСнных срСдств Ρƒ Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½, Ρ‚. Π΅. ΠΈΡ… ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ Π² клиничСских исслСдованиях. Авторы ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ отсутствиС Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ болСзнями ΠΈ патологичСскими состояниями, Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎ врСмя бСрСмСнности. Авторы Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… клиничСских исслСдований с участиСм Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ риски ΠΈ этичСскиС слоТности участия Π±Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ Π² клиничСских исслСдованиях, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ соврСмСнныС возмоТности ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ ряда государств, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ риски ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ участии ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π² исслСдовании. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ этичСских ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ провСдСния клиничСских исслСдований Π² дСтской популяции Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… вопросов обсуТдаСмой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹

    Pharmacological safety during pregnancy: the principles of teratogenesis and teratogenicity of drugs

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    Drugs used during pregnancy simultaneously have an impact on 2 populations β€” fetal and maternal. The article is devoted toΒ teratogenic drugs exposition; it points out the need for further research in the field of pharmaceutical safety during pregnancy. AuthorsΒ analyzed the multiplicity of the congenital disorders in infants, including birth defects cuased by drug application. For ethical reasons,Β researchers can not conduct any studies on the safety of medicines during pregnancy. Authors suppose that collection of additionalΒ information during the marketing phase as a part of the routine pharmacovigilance program and the targeted pharmacoepidemiologicalΒ trials with the current evaluation of the teratogenic risk of drugs will help to achieve the goals
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