490 research outputs found
Gunn Oscillators Based on Shielded Dielectric Resonators with Mechanical Frequency Tuning
The features of Gunn oscillators based on shielded dielectric resonators with whispering gallery modes and ray oscillations are investigated. Their comparative analysis for oscillators with different dielectric resonant structures is carried out
Microwave Oscillator with the Shielded Dielectric Resonator
A Gunn oscillator with partially shielded hemidisk quasioptical resonator is investigated experimentally in this paper. The investigations of the generation characteristics of oscillations by the semiconductor diode in this resonator are carried out for the different radial co-ordinates of the oscillator active element. The advantages of the investigated oscillator in comparison with the oscillator with an open dielectric resonator are show
Anti-Religious Mood in Italy at the Turn of the 18β19th Centuries
The article is devoted to identifying the causes of anti-religious sentiments in Italy at the turn of the 18β19th centuries. The authors point to the reasons for the apologetic writings of Italian theologians. Their views had a very beneficial effect on the mental and in particular on the religious movement in Italy. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the situation in Italy in the 18β19th centuries. Based on this analysis, the authors conclude that because of the constant confrontation with the Italian government for power and their interests, apologists for Christianity, who belonged to the clergy of the Catholic Church, caused hostility towards the Catholic Church among ordinary Italians. In the course of the study, the idea of a significant impact of this situation on the spread of anti-Christian ideas in Italy at the turn of the 18β19th centuries was substantiated. And the national liberation movement for the unification of Italy, which was gaining momentum at that time, opened up a free field for the dissemination of various anti-church and atheistic teachings
Automated control system for a mashing process
The goal of this paper is to describe a system for a mashing process, which is the first part of brewing beer. The mashing is a procedure where the fermentable (and some non-fermentable) sugars are extracted from malts. The program part based on LabVIEW, which is used to control NI CompactRIO. The main target of the project is to reach a predefined levels of the temperatures and maintain it during the pauses. When the necessary break time is ended the system is ready to go to the new value. The precise control of the temperatures during the breaks is one of the critical factors that define the texture and alcohol content of the beer. The system has two tanks with resistors PT100 in both of them, heat exchanger (coil), heater and pump. The first tank has heating element in order to rise the temperature in the other one. This project has practical solution with all explanations and graphs which are proven working ability of this control system
Stimulated emission and lasing in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films
Stimulated emission and lasing in Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 thin films have been demonstrated at a temperature of 20 K using excitation by a nanosecond pulsed N 2 laser with power densities in the range from 2 to 100 kW cm β 2 . Sharp narrowing of the photoluminescence band, superlinear dependence of its intensity on excitation laser power, as well as stabilization of the spectral position and of the full-width at half-maximum of the band were observed in the films at increasing excitation intensity. The stimulated emission threshold was determined to be 20 kW cm β 2 . A gain value of 94 cm β 1 has been estimated using the variable stripe length method. Several sharp laser modes near 1.13 eV were observed above the laser threshold of I thr ~ 50 kW cm β
ABOUT THE STUDY OF MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS USING ACTIVE FORMS OF EDUCATION
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ·Π°The article demonstrates the developed system of seminars with the use of active forms of education on the example of the development of the course of medical Biophysics by students of a medical Universit
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ° Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°
Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΊΠ΅, Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ 116 ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΈ ΠΠ2. Π£Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΠ-1 Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ 4292 Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ F-ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π€ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π‘ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π£ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ
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