The origin of the concept of «personal meaning» in the context of psycho-pedagogical searches of the XX century

The article considers the history of the emergence in the scientific revolution of the concept of «personal meaning», and in the two lines: domestic and foreign social-psychological thought. The analysis of the ideological background of the concept of «personal meaning» allows to make a conclusion about the greatest role of semantic structures and personal meaning, in particular, to various spheres of human activity for the psychological existence objects of the world acquire only "dressing in the clothes” of personal meaning. In the end the author outlines the prospects for the deployment of the concept in pedagogical operationСтатья рассматривает историю появления в научном обороте понятия «личностный смысл», причем в 2-х линиях: отечественной и зарубежной общественно-психологической мысли. Анализ идейных предпосылок понятия «личностный смысл» позволяет сделать вывод о величайшей роли смысловых образований и личностного смысла в частности для разнообразных сфер человеческой деятельности, ибо внутрипсихологическое бытование предметы мира обретают, лишь обряжаясь в «одеж-ды» личностного смысла. В конце автор намечает перспективы развертывания понятия в педагогической деятельност

Personal meaning as a factor of self-determination of a subject in a vital educational trajectory: research aspect

In the article analyzes the practical approaches to the study of the complex phenomenon of personal meaning, and its role in the fate of man is considered throughout life, not just the period of study. As an effective method, the authors propose a biographical method adapted to study the educational trajectory of a person throughout life. The paper presents the basic parameters of the data interpretation and the experience of approbation of the method on a small sample of youthВ статье анализируются практические подходы к изучению такого сложного феномена как личностный смысл, причём его роль в образовательной судьбе человека рассматривается на протяжении всей жизни, а не только периода обучения. В качестве эффективного метода авторами предлагается биографический метод, адаптированный для исследования образовательной траектории человека на протяжении всей обозримой жизни. Работа представляет основные параметры интерпретации данных и опыт апробации методики на небольшой молодёжной выборк

Leading signs of integrative interaction between education and industry: experience the mining schools of the Urals

The article presents an attempt at reconstructing the experience of the mining schools in terms of integration of their activities with the enterprises of the mining industry. The paper identifies the main characteristics of the integrative interaction between the educational and industrial components of training specialists for the mining industry in the UralsВ статье осуществлена попытка реконструкции опыта горнозаводских школ в части интеграции их деятельности с предприятиями горнорудной промышленности. В работе определены основные признаки интегративного взаимодействия между образовательными и производственными составляющими подготовки специалистов для горнорудной промышленности Урал

Alterations on cellular redox states upon infection and implications for host cell homeostasis

The cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and its phosphate form, NADP+, are crucial molecules present in all living cells. The delicate balance between the oxidized and reduced forms of these molecules is tightly regulated by intracellular metabolism assuring the maintenance of homeostatic conditions, which are essential for cell survival and proliferation. A recent cluster of data has highlighted the importance of the intracellular NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH ratios during host-pathogen interactions, as fluctuations in the levels of these cofactors and in precursors' bioavailability may condition host response and, therefore, pathogen persistence or elimination. Furthermore, an increasing interest has been given towards how pathogens are capable of hijacking host cell proteins in their own advantage and, consequently, alter cellular redox states and immune function. Here, we review the basic principles behind biosynthesis and subcellular compartmentalization of NAD+ and NADP+, as well as the importance of these cofactors during infection, with a special emphasis on pathogen-driven modulation of host NAD+/NADP+ levels and contribution to the associated immune response.(undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

\u3ci\u3eDrosophila\u3c/i\u3e Muller F Elements Maintain a Distinct Set of Genomic Properties Over 40 Million Years of Evolution

The Muller F element (4.2 Mb, ~80 protein-coding genes) is an unusual autosome of Drosophila melanogaster; it is mostly heterochromatic with a low recombination rate. To investigate how these properties impact the evolution of repeats and genes, we manually improved the sequence and annotated the genes on the D. erecta, D. mojavensis, and D. grimshawi F elements and euchromatic domains from the Muller D element. We find that F elements have greater transposon density (25–50%) than euchromatic reference regions (3–11%). Among the F elements, D. grimshawi has the lowest transposon density (particularly DINE-1: 2% vs. 11–27%). F element genes have larger coding spans, more coding exons, larger introns, and lower codon bias. Comparison of the Effective Number of Codons with the Codon Adaptation Index shows that, in contrast to the other species, codon bias in D. grimshawi F element genes can be attributed primarily to selection instead of mutational biases, suggesting that density and types of transposons affect the degree of local heterochromatin formation. F element genes have lower estimated DNA melting temperatures than D element genes, potentially facilitating transcription through heterochromatin. Most F element genes (~90%) have remained on that element, but the F element has smaller syntenic blocks than genome averages (3.4–3.6 vs. 8.4–8.8 genes per block), indicating greater rates of inversion despite lower rates of recombination. Overall, the F element has maintained characteristics that are distinct from other autosomes in the Drosophila lineage, illuminating the constraints imposed by a heterochromatic milieu