87 research outputs found
Peer-to-Peer EnergyTrade: A Distributed Private Energy Trading Platform
Blockchain is increasingly being used as a distributed, anonymous, trustless
framework for energy trading in smart grids. However, most of the existing
solutions suffer from reliance on Trusted Third Parties (TTP), lack of privacy,
and traffic and processing overheads. In our previous work, we have proposed a
Secure Private Blockchain-based framework (SPB) for energy trading to address
the aforementioned challenges. In this paper, we present a proof-on-concept
implementation of SPB on the Ethereum private network to demonstrates SPB's
applicability for energy trading. We benchmark SPB's performance against the
relevant state-of-the-art. The implementation results demonstrate that SPB
incurs lower overheads and monetary cost for end users to trade energy compared
to existing solutions
STS-CCL: Spatial-Temporal Synchronous Contextual Contrastive Learning for Urban Traffic Forecasting
Efficiently capturing the complex spatiotemporal representations from
large-scale unlabeled traffic data remains to be a challenging task. In
considering of the dilemma, this work employs the advanced contrastive learning
and proposes a novel Spatial-Temporal Synchronous Contextual Contrastive
Learning (STS-CCL) model. First, we elaborate the basic and strong augmentation
methods for spatiotemporal graph data, which not only perturb the data in terms
of graph structure and temporal characteristics, but also employ a
learning-based dynamic graph view generator for adaptive augmentation. Second,
we introduce a Spatial-Temporal Synchronous Contrastive Module (STS-CM) to
simultaneously capture the decent spatial-temporal dependencies and realize
graph-level contrasting. To further discriminate node individuals in negative
filtering, a Semantic Contextual Contrastive method is designed based on
semantic features and spatial heterogeneity, achieving node-level contrastive
learning along with negative filtering. Finally, we present a hard mutual-view
contrastive training scheme and extend the classic contrastive loss to an
integrated objective function, yielding better performance. Extensive
experiments and evaluations demonstrate that building a predictor upon STS-CCL
contrastive learning model gains superior performance than existing traffic
forecasting benchmarks. The proposed STS-CCL is highly suitable for large
datasets with only a few labeled data and other spatiotemporal tasks with data
scarcity issue.Comment: This work was accepted by the 49th IEEE International Conference on
Acoustics, Speech, & Signal Processing (ICASSP 2024). We will present our
work in Seoul, Kore
Optimal integration of mobile battery energy storage in distribution system with renewables
published_or_final_versio
Identification and characterization of the Remorin gene family in Saccharum and the involvement of ScREM1.5e-1/-2 in SCMV infection on sugarcane
IntroductionRemorins (REMs) are plant-specific membrane-associated proteins that play important roles in plantâpathogen interactions and environmental adaptations. Group I REMs are extensively involved in virus infection. However, little is known about the REM gene family in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hyrid), the most important sugar and energy crop around world.MethodsComparative genomics were employed to analyze the REM gene family in Saccharum spontaneum. Transcriptomics or RT-qPCR were used to analyze their expression files in different development stages or tissues under different treatments. Yeast two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays were applied to investigate the protein interaction.ResultsIn this study, 65 REMs were identified from Saccharum spontaneum genome and classified into six groups based on phylogenetic tree analysis. These REMs contain multiple cis-elements associated with growth, development, hormone and stress response. Expression profiling revealed that among different SsREMs with variable expression levels in different developmental stages or different tissues. A pair of alleles, ScREM1.5e-1/-2, were isolated from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 were highly expressed in leaves, with the former expressed at significantly higher levels than the latter. Their expression was induced by treatment with H2O2, ABA, ethylene, brassinosteroid, SA or MeJA, and varied upon Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) infection. ScREM1.5e-1 was localized to the plasma membrane (PM), while ScREM1.5e-2 was localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 can self-interact and interact with each other, and interact with VPgs from SCMV, Sorghum mosaic virus, or Sugarcane streak mosaic virus. The interactions with VPgs relocated ScREM1.5e-1 from the PM to the cytoplasm.DiscussionThese results reveal the origin, distribution and evolution of the REM gene family in sugarcane and may shed light on engineering sugarcane resistance against sugarcane mosaic pathogens
Droplet-like Fermi surfaces in the anti-ferromagnetic phase of EuFeAs, an Fe-pnictide superconductor parent compound
Using angle resolved photoemission it is shown that the low lying electronic
states of the iron pnictide parent compound EuFeAs are strongly
modified in the magnetically ordered, low temperature, orthorhombic state
compared to the tetragonal, paramagnetic case above the spin density wave
transition temperature. Back-folded bands, reflected in the orthorhombic/
anti-ferromagnetic Brillouin zone boundary hybridize strongly with the
non-folded states, leading to the opening of energy gaps. As a direct
consequence, the large Fermi surfaces of the tetragonal phase fragment, the low
temperature Fermi surface being comprised of small droplets, built up of
electron and hole-like sections. These high resolution ARPES data are therefore
in keeping with quantum oscillation and optical data from other undoped
pnictide parent compounds.Comment: 4 figures, 6 page
Deep functional analysis of synII, a 770-kilobase synthetic yeast chromosome
INTRODUCTION
Although much effort has been devoted to studying yeast in the past few decades, our understanding of this model organism is still limited. Rapidly developing DNA synthesis techniques have made a âbuild-to-understandâ approach feasible to reengineer on the genome scale. Here, we report on the completion of a 770-kilobase synthetic yeast chromosome II (synII). SynII was characterized using extensive Trans-Omics tests. Despite considerable sequence alterations, synII is virtually indistinguishable from wild type. However, an up-regulation of translational machinery was observed and can be reversed by restoring the transfer RNA (tRNA) gene copy number.
RATIONALE
Following the âdesign-build-test-debugâ working loop, synII was successfully designed and constructed in vivo. Extensive Trans-Omics tests were conducted, including phenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, chromosome segregation, and replication analyses. By both complementation assays and SCRaMbLE (synthetic chromosome rearrangement and modification by
loxP
-mediated evolution), we targeted and debugged the origin of a growth defect at 37°C in glycerol medium.
RESULTS
To efficiently construct megabase-long chromosomes, we developed an I-
Sce
Iâmediated strategy, which enables parallel integration of synthetic chromosome arms and reduced the overall integration time by 50% for synII. An I-
Sce
I site is introduced for generating a double-strand break to promote targeted homologous recombination during mitotic growth. Despite hundreds of modifications introduced, there are still regions sharing substantial sequence similarity that might lead to undesirable meiotic recombinations when intercrossing the two semisynthetic chromosome arm strains. Induction of the I-
Sce
Iâmediated double-strand break is otherwise lethal and thus introduced a strong selective pressure for targeted homologous recombination. Since our strategy is designed to generate a markerless synII and leave the
URA3
marker on the wild-type chromosome, we observed a tenfold increase in
URA3
-deficient colonies upon I-
Sce
I induction, meaning that our strategy can greatly bias the crossover events toward the designated regions.
By incorporating comprehensive phenotyping approaches at multiple levels, we demonstrated that synII was capable of powering the growth of yeast indistinguishably from wild-type cells (see the figure), showing highly consistent biological processes comparable to the native strain. Meanwhile, we also noticed modest but potentially significant up-regulation of the translational machinery. The main alteration underlying this change in expression is the deletion of 13 tRNA genes.
A growth defect was observed in one very specific conditionâhigh temperature (37°C) in medium with glycerol as a carbon sourceâwhere colony size was reduced significantly. We targeted and debugged this defect by two distinct approaches. The first approach involved phenotype screening of all intermediate strains followed by a complementation assay with wild-type sequences in the synthetic strain. By doing so, we identified a modification resulting from PCRTag recoding in
TSC10
, which is involved in regulation of the yeast high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) response pathway. After replacement with wild-type
TSC10
, the defect was greatly mitigated. The other approach, debugging by SCRaMbLE, showed rearrangements in regions containing HOG regulation genes. Both approaches indicated that the defect is related to HOG response dysregulation. Thus, the phenotypic defect can be pinpointed and debugged through multiple alternative routes in the complex cellular interactome network.
CONCLUSION
We have demonstrated that synII segregates, replicates, and functions in a highly similar fashion compared with its wild-type counterpart. Furthermore, we believe that the iterative âdesign-build-test-debugâ cycle methodology, established here, will facilitate progression of the Sc2.0 project in the face of the increasing synthetic genome complexity.
SynII characterization.
(
A
) Cell cycle comparison between synII and BY4741 revealed by the percentage of cells with separated CEN2-GFP dots, metaphase spindles, and anaphase spindles. (
B
) Replication profiling of synII (red) and BY4741 (black) expressed as relative copy number by deep sequencing. (
C
) RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the significant up-regulation of translational machinery in synII is induced by the deletion of tRNA genes in synII.
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