Análise epidemiológica dos casos de sarampo atendidos em hospital pediátrico terciário entre 2018 a 2020

TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Medicina.Introdução: O sarampo é uma doença exantemática viral aguda, prevenível por vacina, sendo que a população pediátrica é um dos grupos de maior vulnerabilidade e maior chance de apresentar complicações. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes notificados por suspeita ou confirmação de sarampo no Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão (HIJG), localizado em Florianópolis (SC), de 2018 a 2020. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiológica, observacional, analítica e transversal, realizada com dados secundários coletados a partir das Fichas de Notificação/Investigação de Doenças Exantemáticas Febris Sarampo/Rubéola (Anexo A) do Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão (HIJG) e do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (SIPNI/CGPNI/DEIDT/SVS/MS). Resultados: No período avaliado, foram notificados 48 casos, dos quais 10 foram confirmados. Observou-se maior prevalência de lactentes. A distribuição foi quase equivalente para ambos os sexos. Em 83,33% dos casos ocorreram em indivíduos brancos. Quanto ao estado vacinal, 56,25% dos casos notificados eram vacinados. O bloqueio vacinal foi realizado em 4,17% dos casos notificados. Entre os casos confirmados, houve 2 internações, sem registro de óbito (em ambos os casos, as crianças não eram vacinadas). Segundo o SI-PNI, observouse que a cobertura da 1ª dose da vacina tríplice viral em Santa Catarina de 2018 a 2020 foi em média de 79,12%. Conclusão: A cobertura vacinal no estado de Santa Catarina mostrou-se insuficiente para a prevenção da doença nos anos avaliados. As complicações da baixa cobertura poderão ser vistas a curto e longo prazo, afetando ainda mais os grupos vulneráveis. Neste estudo, observou-se que, entre a população pediátrica, os lactentes foram os mais atingidos. Logo, para evitar complicações e óbitos, é necessário estimular a vacinação e manter a vigilância, através de notificação e investigação de casos suspeitos e bloqueio dos contatos em tempo oportuno, para interromper a cadeia de transmissão viral.Introduction: Measles is an acute viral exanthematous disease, preventable by vaccine. The pediatric population is one of the most vulnerable groups and most likely to have complications. Objective: This study aims to describe and analyze the epidemiological profile of patients with suspected and confirmed cases of measles at the Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão (HIJG), located in Florianópolis (SC), from 2018 to 2020. Method: This is an observational, ecological and descriptive study. It was used secondary data collected from the Notification and Investigation Forms for Febrile Rash Diseases Measles/Rubella (Attachment A) of the Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão (HIJG) and the Information System of the National Immunization Program (SIPNI / CGPNI / DEIDT / SVS / MS). Results: In the evaluated period, 48 cases were notified, of which 10 were confirmed. A higher prevalence of infants was observed. The distribution was almost equivalent for both sexes. In 83.33% of the cases, the pacients were white. As for the vaccination status, 56.25% of the notified cases were vaccinated. Vaccine blockade was performed in 4.17% of the notified cases. Among the confirmed cases, there were 2 hospitalizations, with no death record (in both cases, the children were not vaccinated). According to SI-PNI, it was observed that the coverage of the 1st dose of the triple viral vaccine in Santa Catarina from 2018 to 2020 was on average 79.12%. Conclusion: Vaccination coverage in the state of Santa Catarina was insufficient to eliminate the virus in the years evaluated. The complications of low coverage can be seen in the short and long term, mainly affecting the vulnerable groups. In this study, it was observed that, among the pediatric population, infants were the most affected. Therefore, to avoid complications and deaths, it is necessary to stimulate vaccination and maintain vigilance, through notification and investigation of suspected cases and blocking contacts to interrupt the chain of viral transmission

Utilização do Exame Clínico Objetivo Estruturado para avaliação da equipe de enfermagem durante uma parada cardiorrespiratória

The aim was to evaluate the technical-scientific skills and competences of the nursing team during a cardiopulmonary arrest using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Descriptive quantitative study, carried out in a municipal hospital in Rio de Janeiro with 20 nursing professionals - 11 from internal medicine and nine from cardiology. For data collection, a pre-test with closed questions and the Objective Structured Clinical Examination, previously elaborated, were used. The pre-test evaluations showed significant results by the nursing teams from the internal medicine and cardiology sectors, with a p-value < 0.05. The results demonstrated the precariousness of nursing knowledge and skills in the face of cardiac arrest. However, there needs to be the encouragement and interest of the teams to keep up to date in the area. In addition to the need for continuing and permanent education to provide a quality service, with active methodologies that provide its protagonism.Objetivou-se avaliar as habilidades e competências técnico-científicas da equipe de enfermagem durante uma parada cardiorrespiratória por meio da utilização do Exame Clínico Objetivo Estruturado. Estudo quantitativo descritivo, realizado em um hospital municipal do Rio de Janeiro junto à 20 profissionais de enfermagem - 11 da clínica médica e nove da cardiologia. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um pré-teste com questões fechadas e o Exame Clínico Objetivo Estruturado, previamente elaborado. As avaliações do pré-teste apresentaram resultados significativos pelas equipes de enfermagem dos setores de clínica médica e cardiologia, com p-valor < 0,05. Os resultados demonstraram a precariedade de conhecimento e habilidades da enfermagem frente a uma parada cardiorrespiratória. Contudo, é necessário que haja o incentivo e interesse das equipes de se manterem atualizadas na área. Além da necessidade de atuação da educação continuada e permanente, a fim de possibilitar um serviço de qualidade, com metodologias ativas que propiciem o seu protagonismo

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data