Effect of Nitrogen-fixing Microorganisms and Amino Acid-based Biostimulants on Perennial Ryegrass

[EN] Due to restrictions on pesticide and nitrogen use in high-input European agricultural systems, many of the biostimulants used in horticulture are being incorporated into turfgrass management programs-although often with little understanding. A set of experiments was carried out on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivated in pots in a greenhouse in 2013 and 2014 to test the effect of three biostimulants: two composed of nitrifying bacteria (B1 and B2), and the other a mixture of amino acids, polysaccharides, nitrogen, and micronutrients (B3). Apart from the biostimulant treatment, nutritional stress was incorporated into the study to demonstrate if biostimulants could temporarily replace the fertilization role and so lessen the environmental impact. Turfgrass treated with B1 resulted in an increase in quality compared with untreated turf, and the positive effect lasted 2 and 3 months in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Additionally, an extended benefit was observed when the B1 interval application was longer, even temporarily replacing fertilization when applied on stressed turfgrass. The B2 produced similar results to B1, the effect was longer, and the turf exhibited a darker color-although it caused phytotoxicity at the tip of the leaves. The B3 led to a beneficial effect on turfgrass, especially under nutritional stress; it showed a better quality, darker green color, and more growth and yield than untreated turf (despite adding less nitrogen than during either mineral fertilizer treatment). Overall results show that the tested biostimulants increase turfgrass quality even when inducing a nutritional stress.De Luca, V.; Gómez De Barreda, D.; Lidón, A.; Lull Noguera, C. (2020). Effect of Nitrogen-fixing Microorganisms and Amino Acid-based Biostimulants on Perennial Ryegrass. HortTechnology. 30(2):280-291. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04236-19S28029130

Soil moisture increment as a controlling variable of the Birch effect . Interactions with the pre-wetting soil moisture and litter addition

The Birch effect is a pulse in soil C and N mineralization caused by the wetting of dry soils, but the role of the soil moisture increment (Delta SWC) is still poorly understood. We quantified the relationship between Delta SWC and the Birch effect, and its interactions with pre-wetting soil moisture (preSWC) and substrate supply. Two soils (clay loam and sandy loam) under a Pinus halepensis forest were subjected to rewetting in laboratory treatments combining different Delta SWC and preSWC values, with or without additional substrate (5 mg g(-1) P. halepensis needles). Respiration flush (Delta R), changes in microbial biomass C (MBC) and net N mineralization (NMIN) were measured. Overall, we found a relationship with the form: Delta R = a Delta SWC + b, where the slope (a) was significant only when pre-wetting water potential was below a threshold value in the range of -100 to -1,200 kPa. However, the threshold alone does not fully describe the role of preSWC in slope variability. Substrate addition modified the Delta SWC sensitivity of Birch effect, enhancing it in the clay loam and suppressing it in the sandy loam. The intensity of the wetting is a dominant factor regulating Birch effect, and Delta SWC is useful for its quantification.This work was supported by a fellowship from Generalitat Valenciana, Conselleria de Educacion, Formacion y Empleo awarded to L. Lado-Monserrat (BFPI/2008/041). Thanks are due to Antonio del Campo for help in data analyses and to Antonio Lloret for laboratory work. The authors wish to thank Joana Oliver for invaluable laboratory support. The authors also thank two anonymous reviewers and Professor Stephan Glatzel from the University of Rostock, Germany, for the critical review of the manuscript.Lado Monserrat, L.; Lull Noguera, C.; Bautista Carrascosa, MI.; Lidón Cerezuela, AL.; Herrera Fernandez, R. (2014). Soil moisture increment as a controlling variable of the Birch effect . Interactions with the pre-wetting soil moisture and litter addition. Plant and Soil. 379(1-2):21-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2037-5S21343791-2Austin AT, Yahdjian L, Stark JM, Belnap J, Porporato A, Norton U, Ravetta DA, Schaeffer SM (2004) Water pulses and biogeochemical cycles in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Oecologia 141:221–235Berryman E, Marshall JD, Rahn T, Litvak M, Butnor J (2013) Decreased carbon limitation of litter respiration in a mortality-affected piñon-juniper woodland. Biogeosciences 10:1625–1634Birch HF (1958) The effect of soil drying on humus decomposition and nitrogen. Plant soil 10:9–31Borken W, Matzner E (2009) Reappraisal of drying and wetting effects on C and N mineralization and fluxes in soils. Global Change Biol 15:808–824Bottner P (1985) Response of microbial biomass to alternate moist and dry conditions in a soil incubated with C-14-labeled and N-15-labeled plant material. 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Geoderma 163:171–177Chowdhury N, Burns RG, Marschner P (2011a) Recovery of soil respiration after drying. Plant Soil 348:269–279Chowdhury N, Nakatani AS, Setia R, Marschner P (2011b) Microbial activity and community composition in saline and non-saline soils exposed to multiple drying and rewetting events. Plant Soil 348:103–113Cobos D, Campbell C (2007) Correcting temperature sensitivity of ECH2O soil moisture sensors. Application note. Decagon Devices Inc., PullmanDaly E, Palmroth S, Stoy P, Siqueira M, Oishi AC, Juang JY, Oren R, Porporato A, Katul GG (2009) The effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and nitrogen amendments on subsurface CO2 production and concentration dynamics in a maturing pine forest. Biogeochemistry 94:271–287Denef K, Six J, Bossuyt H, Frey SD, Elliott ET, Merckx R, Paustian K (2001) Influence of dry-wet cycles on the interrelationship between aggregate, particulate organic matter, and microbial community dynamics. Soil Biol Biochem 33:1599–1611Fernandez C, Lelong B, Vila B, Mévy JP, Robles C, Greff S, Dupouyet S, Bousquet-Mélou A (2006) Potential allelopathic effect of Pinus halepensis in the secondary succession: an experimental approach. Chemoecology 16:97–105Fierer N, Schimel JP (2002) Effects of drying-rewetting frequency on soil carbon and nitrogen transformations. Soil Biol Biochem 34:777–787Fischer T (2009) Substantial rewetting phenomena on soil respiration can be observed at low water availability. Soil Biol Biochem 41:1577–1579Franzluebbers AJ, Haney RL, Honeycutt CW, Schomberg HH, Hons FM (2000) Flush of carbon dioxide following rewetting of dried soils relates to active organic pools. Soil Sci Soc Am J 64:613–623García-Plé C, Vanrell P, Morey M (1995) Litter fall and decomposition in a Pinus halepensis forest on Mallorca. J Veg Sci 6:17–22GVA (1995) Mapa de Suelos de la Comunidad Valenciana. Chelva (666). Proyecto LUCDEME (Icona), Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación y Conselleria d’Agricultura i Mig Ambient. Generalitat Valenciana. Valencia, Spain. (Original in Spanish).Halverson LJ, Jones TM, Firestone MK (2000) Release of intracellular solutes by four soil bacteria exposed to dilution stress. Soil Sci Soc Am J 64:1630–1637Harrison-Kirk T, Beare MH, Meenken ED, Condron LM (2013) Soil organic matter and texture affect responses to dry/wet cycles: Effects on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions. Soil Biol Biochem 57:43–55Harris RF (1981) Effect of water potential on microbial growth and activity. In: Parr JF, Gardner WR, Elliott LF (eds) Water potential relations in soil microbiology. Am Soc Agron, Madison, pp 23–95Haynes RJ, Swift RS (1990) Stability of soil aggregates in relation to organic constituents and soil water content. 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Are soluble carbohydrates ecologically relevant for salt tolerance in halophytes?

[EN] A general response of plants to high soil salinity relies on the cellular accumulation of osmolytes, which help the plant to maintain osmotic balance under salt stress condition and/or act as osmoprotectants with chaperon or reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities. Yet the ecological relevance of this response for the salt tolerance mechanisms of halophytes in their natural habitats remains largely unknown. In this review, we describe and discuss published data supporting the participation of compatible solutes in those mechanisms, with especial focus on soluble carbohydrates. Evidence for a functional role of carbohydrates in salt tolerance include: (i) relatively high levels of specific sugars and polyols have been detected in many halophytic taxa; (ii) an increase in salt tolerance has often been observed in parallel with increased intracellular levels of particular soluble carbohydrates, in transgenic plants overexpressing the corresponding biosynthetic enzymes; (iii) there are several examples of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism which are induced under salt stress conditions; (iv) specific sugars or polyols have been shown to accumulate in different halophytes upon controlled salt treatments; and (v) although very few field studies on environmentally induced carbohydrate changes in halophytes exist, in general they also support the involvement of this type of osmolytes in salt stress tolerance mechanisms. We also highlight the complexities of unequivocally attributing carbohydrates a biological role in salt tolerance mechanisms of a given tolerant species. It is proposed that research on halophytes in their natural ecosystems should be intensified, correlating seasonal changes in carbohydrate contents with the degree of environmental stress affecting the plants. This could be an important complement to experiments made under more controlled (but artificial) conditions, such as laboratory set-ups.Work in the authors' laboratories was funded by a grant to O.V. from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Project CGL2008-00438/BOS), with contribution by the European Regional Development Fund.Gil Ortiz, R.; Boscaiu Neagu, MT.; Lull Noguera, C.; Bautista Carrascosa, I.; Lidón Cerezuela, AL.; Vicente Meana, Ó. (2013). Are soluble carbohydrates ecologically relevant for salt tolerance in halophytes?. Functional Plant Biology. 40(9):805-818. https://doi.org/10.1071/FP12359S80581840

Promoting Sustainable Development Goals through laboratory practices

[EN] Universities have a responsibility to help students develop sustainability skills as well as to work towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs, the core of the 2030 Agenda, seek to transform our world and comprise the main development challenges for humanity. Universities provide students with knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that favor a transformation in the way of thinking and acting in favor of sustainable development, facilitating them as agents of change. In the first-year Chemistry laboratory practices, aspects related to the SDGs were worked on, such as waste management and water saving. After the laboratory practices, the students answered two questionnaires related to the SDGs. The students showed that they knew the purpose of the SDGs. 91.4% of the students indicated that after the laboratory practices their awareness of the importance of proper handling of chemical waste had increased to a great extent, and 82.9% of the need to save tap water and distilled water during the practices. This shows that students can be agents of change and teachers facilitators of education for sustainable development.[ES] Las universidades tienen la responsabilidad de ayudar a los estudiantes a desarrollar competencias de sostenibilidad, así como de trabajar por la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Los ODS, núcleo de la Agenda 2030, buscan transformar nuestro mundo y comprenden los principales desafíos de desarrollo para la humanidad. Las universidades proporcionan conocimientos, habilidades, valores y actitudes a los estudiantes que favorecen una transformación en la forma de pensar y actuar a favor del desarrollo sostenible, facilitando que sean agentes de cambio. En las prácticas de laboratorio de Química de primer curso se trabajaron aspectos relacionados con los ODS, como el manejo de residuos y el ahorro del agua. Tras las prácticas los estudiantes contestaron dos cuestionarios relacionados con los ODS. Los estudiantes mostraron que conocían la finalidad de los ODS. El 91,4% indicaron que tras las prácticas de laboratorio había aumentado en gran medida su concienciación sobre la importancia del manejo adecuado de los residuos químicos y un 82,9% sobre la necesidad de ahorrar agua del grifo y agua destilada durante las prácticas. Esto demuestra que los estudiantes pueden ser agentes de cambio y los docentes facilitadores de la educación para el desarrollo sostenible.Lull Noguera, C.; Llinares Palacios, JV.; Soriano Soto, MD.; Ramón Fernández, F. (2022). Impulso a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible a través de las prácticas de laboratorio. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 454-467. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2022.2022.1580645446

El aprendizaje mediante BreakoutEdu en ciencias jurídicas: humor y juego en el aula. Una experiencia en la Universitat Politècnica de València

[ES] Se presenta la innovación y resultados obtenidos de diseñar y aplicar un BreakoutEdu basado en la normativa de Derecho civil valenciano, para favorecer el aprendizaje de conceptos jurídicos relacionados con la Huerta valenciana. A través de tres familias ficticias que desarrollan su actividad en el ámbito agrario, se diseña un juego interactivo para los alumnos de Derecho civil II del Máster en Gestión Administrativa. Los resultados observados son una mejora en el aprendizaje y una mayor dinamización en el aula, además de favorecer la inquietud por la legislación aplicable. Consideramos que el diseño atractivo tipo cómic de la estructura de la actividad, ayuda a captar la atención del alumnado y mejora su capacidad cognitiva. La experiencia se puede extrapolar a otras asignaturas, ya que el diseño se centra en conceptos reutilizables, y no contextualizados.[EN] The innovation and results obtained from designing and applying a BreakoutEdu based on the regulations of Valencian Civil Law are presented, to promote legal concepts learning related to the Valencian Huerta. Through three fictitious families that develop their activity in the agricultural field, an interactive game is designed for the students of Civil Law II of the Master ́s Degree in Administrative Management. The results observed included: an improvement in learning and a greater revitalization in the classroom, in addition to favouring the concern for the applicable legislation. We consider that the attractive comic-type design of the structure of the activity helps to capture the attention of students and improves their cognitive ability. The experience can be extrapolated to other subjects, since the design focuses on reusable, non-contextualized concepts.Trabajo realizado en el marco del Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIMEs) “Diseño de materiales docentes basados en recursos audiovisuales de humor para la mejora del aprendizaje y su evaluación en ciencias sociales y jurídicas”, presentado en el marco de la convocatoria de Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIMEs) llevada a cabo en la Universitat Politècnica de València para el curso 2017-2018 obteniendo resolución favorable de la Comisión de Evaluación y Seguimiento de Proyectos de Innovación y Convergencia (CESPIC) en su sesión de 24 de julio de 2018 y concedido por el Vicerrectorado de Estudios y Convergencia Europea de la Universitat Politècnica de València. Años 2018-2020. Investigadora principal: Francisca Ramón Fernández. Investigadores: Vicente Cabedo Mallol, María Emilia Casar Furió, Vicent Giménez Chornet, Cristina Lull Noguera y Juan Vicente Oltra Gutiérrez, Enrique Orduña Malea y Amparo Soriano Soto y en el marco del Proyecto I+D+i RTI2018-097354-B-100. (2019-2022), y Proyecto de I+D+i Retos MICINN PID2019-108710RB-I00 ( 2020-2022)Ramón Fernández, F.; Lull Noguera, C.; Soriano Soto, MD.; García-España Soriano, L.; Osete Cortina, L. (2021). El aprendizaje mediante BreakoutEdu en ciencias jurídicas: humor y juego en el aula. Una experiencia en la Universitat Politècnica de València. En IN-RED 2020: VI Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 37-47. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2020.2020.11986OCS374

Inclusión de los ODS en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Ciencia del Suelo

[EN] Soil management plays a key role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This is due to the fact that soils perform functions and provide essential services for human activities and the sustainability of ecosystems, such as: food production and other biomass production; the storage, filtering and transformation of nutrients, water, and carbon; habitat and biodiversity reserve; platform of human activities and element of the landscape; carbon sequestration. SDGs related to soil are SDG 2 (zero hunger), SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation), SDG 13 (climate action) and SDG 15 (life of terrestrial ecosystems). Universities must play a key role in achieving the SDGs by providing students with knowledge and skills to face environmental challenges from a sustainable development perspective. In the subject of Soil Science, the students were proposed to carry out an activity about the relationship of soil organic matter management with the SDGs. Students learning about soil functions, soil organic matter and their relationships with the SDGs was verified through the answers to various questions in the final exam.[ES] El manejo del suelo juega un papel clave en la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Esto se debe a que los suelos realizan funciones y prestan servicios esenciales para las actividades humanas y la sostenibilidad de los ecosistemas, como son: producción de alimentos y demás producción de biomasa; el almacenamiento, filtrado y la transformación de nutrientes, agua, y carbono; hábitat y reserva de la biodiversidad; plataforma de actividades humanas y elemento del paisaje; secuestro de carbono. ODS relacionados con el suelo son el ODS 2 (hambre cero), ODS 6 (agua limpia y saneamiento), ODS 13 (acción por el clima) y ODS 15 (vida de ecosistemas terrestres). Las universidades deben jugar un papel primordial en la consecución de los ODS proporcionando conocimiento y habilidades a los estudiantes para afrontar los desafíos medioambientales desde una perspectiva de desarrollo sostenible. En la materia de Edafología (Ciencia del suelo) se propuso a los estudiantes trabajar la relación del manejo de la materia orgánica del suelo con los ODS. El aprendizaje de los estudiantes de las funciones del suelo, la materia orgánica del suelo y su relación con los ODS fue verificado a través de las respuestas a varias preguntas en el examen final.La publicación de este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiada por el proyecto de innovación educativa (PIME 20-21/224) concedido por el Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación de la Universitat Politècncia de València (UPV).Lull Noguera, C.; Bautista Carrascosa, MI.; Lidón Cerezuela, AL.; Llinares Palacios, JV.; Soriano Soto, MD. (2021). Inclusión de los ODS en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Ciencia del Suelo. En IN-RED 2021: VII Congreso de Innovación Edicativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1133-1143. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2021.2021.13802OCS1133114

Evaluación de la competencia transversal CT09 Pensamiento crítico a través de series de ficción en la asignatura de Gestión empresarial de la edificación en el Máster de Edificación de la Universitat Politècnica de València

[EN] This paper analyzes the use of fiction series for the evaluation of transversal competence CT 09 Critical thinking, after the granting of a project of innovation teaching (PIME) by the Universitat Politècnica de València, for the year 2016. The results obtained with 33 students of the subject of Bulding Business Management, in the Master’s Degree in Building Constructions, and the evaluation of the indicated competence after watching, in which the students make a critique of the situations observed in the selected episode. The rubric established by the Universitat Politècnica de València is used for selfevaluation. We believe that the understanding is facilitated and that the students have a tool to evaluate the competence, and the ability to perceive situations related to the concepts explained in the subject is strengthened. It combines the new information and communication technologies (ICTs), which is the main objective of the innovation group, with activities that allow students to be evaluated in this competition.[ES] En el presente trabajo se analiza la utilización de series de ficción para la evaluación de la competencia transversal CT 09 Pensamiento crítico, tras la concesión de un proyecto de innovación docente (PIME) por parte de la Universitat Politècnica de València, para el año 2016.Se analizan los resultados obtenidos en 33 alumnos de la asignatura de Gestión empresarial de la edificación, en el Máster Universitario en Edificación, y la evaluación de la competencia indicada tras el visionado de una serie de ficción, en la que el alumnado realiza una crítica de las situaciones observadas en el episodio seleccionado. Se utiliza la rúbrica establecida por la Universitat Politècnica de València para la autoevaluación.Consideramos que se facilita la comprensión y que el alumnado dispone de una herramienta para evaluar la competencia, y se potencia la capacidad de percepción de situaciones relacionadas con los conceptos explicados en la asignatura. Se combina las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs), que es el objetivo principal del grupo de innovación, con las actividades que permiten al alumnado ser evaluado en dicha competencia.Trabajo realizado en el marco del PIME «La evaluación de la competencia transversal pensamiento crítico mediante la utilización de series de ficción» de la Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016-2017. Coordinado por la Dra. Dª. Francisca Ramón Fernández; Proyecto MINECO (DER2013-4256R), siendo los Investigadores Principales la Dra. Dª. Luz María Martínez Velencoso, Profesora Titular de Derecho civil, Universitat de València-Estudi General, y el Dr. D. Javier Plaza Penadés, Catedrático de Derecho civil, Universitat de València-Estudi General, y Proyecto «Derecho civil valenciano y europeo» del Programa Prometeo para Grupos de Investigación de Excelencia de la Conselleria de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, GVPROMETEOII2015-014 y del Microcluster «Estudios de Derecho y empresa sobre TICs (Law and business studies on ICT)», dentro del VLC/Campus, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (International Campus of Excellence), coordinado por el Dr. D. Javier Plaza Penadés, Catedrático de Derecho civil, Universitat de València-Estudi General, y Proyecto I+D Excelencia del Ministerio y Competitividad. “El avance del Gobierno Abierto. Régimen jurídico constitucional de la implantación de políticas de transparencia, acceso a la información, datos abiertos, colaboración y participación especialmente a través de las TIC y del Gobierno electrónico”. DER2015- 65810-P (2016-2018). Investigador Principal: Dr. D. Lorenzo Cotino Hueso. Catedrático acreditado de Derecho constitucional. Universitat de València.Ramón Fernández, F.; Cabedo Mallol, V.; Casar Furió, ME.; Giménez Chornet, V.; Lull Noguera, C.; Oltra Gutiérrez, JV. (2017). Evaluación de la competencia transversal CT09 Pensamiento crítico a través de series de ficción en la asignatura de Gestión empresarial de la edificación en el Máster de Edificación de la Universitat Politècnica de València. En In-Red 2017. III Congreso Nacional de innovación educativa y de docencia en red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1111-1120. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2017.2017.6744OCS1111112

Soluble Carbohydrates as Osmolytes in Several Halophytes from a Mediterranean Salt Marsh

[EN] Compartmentalization of toxic ions in the vacuole and accumulation of osmolytes in the cytoplasm is a common response of halophytes to high soil salinity. Soluble carbohydrates, such as sugars and polyols, are some of the compatible solutes used for osmotic adjustment and osmoprotection. Major carbohydrates were identified and quantified by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, combined with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), in five halophytic species from a Mediterranean salt marsh (Juncus acutus, Juncus maritimus, Plantago crassifolia, kola crithmoides and Sarcocornia fruticosa). Sucrose, followed by glucose and fructose were the more representative sugars detected in J. acutus and J. maritimus, and sorbitol the only soluble carbohydrate present at significant levels in P. fruticosa. In the other two taxa analyzed, no clearly predominant carbohydrates were observed: polyols (myoinositol and glycerol) seemed to be the most representative in I. crithmoides, albeit at relatively low concentrations, and sugars (sucrose and glucose) in S. fruticosa. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to correlate soil properties and meteorological conditions increasing soil salinity, with seasonal changes in carbohydrate contents, to establish their possible function as osmolytes and their contribution to salt tolerance in the investigated species. The obtained results confirmed sorbitol as the major functional osmolyte in P. crassifolia-as it has been described previously for other species of the genus-and suggested the participation of sucrose and, to a lesser extent, glucose and fructose in osmoregulatory mechanisms in J. acutus and J. maritimus.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project CGL2008-00438/BOS), with contribution from the European Regional Development Fund.Gil Ortiz, R.; Lull Noguera, C.; Boscaiu Neagu, MT.; Bautista Carrascosa, I.; Lidón Cerezuela, AL.; Vicente Meana, Ó. (2011). Soluble Carbohydrates as Osmolytes in Several Halophytes from a Mediterranean Salt Marsh. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 39(2):9-17. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha3927176S91739

El audiovisual The first monday in may y su utilización como recurso para la mejora del aprendizaje. Puesta en valor y aplicación en el Máster en Gestión Cultural de la Universitat Politècnica de València

[EN] It presents the innovation and results obtained from applying the audiovisual "The first monday in may" as a resource to improve learning. Through the visisionado of the same and the answer of a survey we can observe that the students of the Master in Cultural Management improve their learning on contents that can observe in the documentary and to discuss on its application in the cultural industries. The results obtained show a favorable influence on the use of audiovisual media in the classroom as a tool for improving the learning of concepts, as well as the ethical and professional commitment to the issues raised.[ES] Se presenta la innovación y resultados obtenidos de aplicar el audiovisual “The first monday in may” como recurso para mejorar el aprendizaje. A través del visionado del mismo y la contestación de una encuesta podemos observar que los alumnos del Máster en Gestión Cultural mejoran su aprendizaje sobre contenidos que pueden observar en el documental y discutir sobre su aplicación en las industrias culturales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una influencia favorable a la utilización de los medios audiovisuales en el aula como herramienta para la mejora de aprendizaje de conceptos, así como el compromiso ético y profesional a las cuestiones planteadas.Trabajo realizado en el marco del Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIMEs) “Diseño de materiales docentes basados en recursos audiovisuales de humor para la mejora del aprendizaje y su evaluación en ciencias sociales y jurídicas”, presentado en el marco de la convocatoria de Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIMEs) llevada a cabo en la Universitat Politècnica de València para el curso 2017-2018 y en el marco del Proyecto I+D+i «Retos investigación» del Programa estatal de I+D+i orientado a los Retos de la Sociedad del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades: RTI2018-097354-B-100.Ramón Fernández, F.; Cabedo Mallol, V.; Casar Furió, ME.; Giménez Chornet, V.; Lull Noguera, C.; Oltra Gutiérrez, JV.; Soriano Soto, MD. (2019). El audiovisual The first monday in may y su utilización como recurso para la mejora del aprendizaje. Puesta en valor y aplicación en el Máster en Gestión Cultural de la Universitat Politècnica de València. En IN-RED 2019. V Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2019.2019.10400OCS11

Responses to environmental stress in plants adapted to Mediterranean gypsum habitats

[EN] Gypsum areas are stressful environments inhabited by gypsophytes, plants that are exclusive for such habitats, and by plants that grow on gypsum but also on other soil types, the so-called gypsovags. To investigate possible differences between gypsovags and gypsophytes with respect to basic stress response mechanisms, two common osmolytes, glycine betaine and total soluble sugars, as well as monovalent (Na+ and K+) and bivalent (Ca2+ and Mg2+) cations, were quantified, under field conditions, in two Iberian endemic gypsophytes (Gypsophila struthium subsp. hispanica and Ononis tridentata) and two common Mediterranean gypsovags (Rosmarinus officinalis and Helianthemum syriacum). Their spatial variation according to a topographic gradient and their temporal variation over a period of three successive seasons were correlated with climatic data and soil characteristics. This analysis confirmed that water stress is the main environmental stress factor in gypsum habitats, whereas the percentage of gypsum in the soil does not seem to play any relevant role in the activation of stress responses in plants. Glycine betaine may contribute to stress tolerance in the gypsophytes, but not in the gypsovags, according to the close correlation found between the level of this osmolyte and the gypsophily of the investigated taxa. Cation contents in the plants did not correlate with those present in the soil, but the gypsophytes have higher levels of Ca2+ and Mg2+ than the gypsovags, under all environmental conditions, which may represent an adaptation mechanism to their specific habitat,This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Project CGL2008-00438/BOS), with contribution from the European Regional Development Fund.Llinares Palacios, JV.; Bautista Carrascosa, I.; Donat-Torres, MP.; Lidón, A.; Lull Noguera, C.; Mayoral García-Berlanga, O.; Wankhade, SD.... (2015). Responses to environmental stress in plants adapted to Mediterranean gypsum habitats. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 7(1):37-44. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb.7.1.9537S37447