7 research outputs found
The Style and the Man Himself : Marcell Jankovicsâ Lifework in the Postmodern Age
Marcell Jankovics (1941-2021) was a director of animation films, cultural historian, educator, and culture politician, an outstanding figure of Hungarian animation who won the Golden Palm Award for the best short film with his 1977 work Fighters. Towards the end of his life he often voiced the opinion that in spite of his rich lifeâs work he had no creative drawing style of his own. The ageing artistâs lament poses the question as to how the work of an artist who disdained post-modernism may contain post-modernist features. This is the question that we intend to examine by scrutinising the series of animation films JĂĄnos VitĂ©z, based on a narrative poem by SĂĄndor PetĆfi, the Tragedy of Man, adapted from Imre MadĂĄchâs mankind-poem, and Toldi, based on the epic trilogy by JĂĄnos Arany, as well as the book illustrations. Although the works of Marcell Jankovics are described as post-modernist from a iconographic perspective, his films, and his cultural history works, always point towards a single common (mythical, religious, ritual) logos. Thus, the oeuvre of Marcell Jankovics may be regarded as âpost-modernistâ only in the sense that he is also characterised by a flair for classicising, that is, he also created a particular canon by way of invoking
A fĂŒrtritkĂtĂĄs idejĂ©nek Ă©s mĂ©rtĂ©kĂ©nek hatĂĄsa a furmint Ă©s a hĂĄrslevelƱ fajtĂĄk vegetatĂv Ă©s generatĂv teljesĂtmĂ©nyĂ©re Tokaj-HegyaljĂĄn
A szĆlĆtermesztĂ©sben kĂŒlönösen felĂ©rtĂ©kelĆdött azon termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgiai mƱveletek jelentĆsĂ©ge, melyek a termĂ©shozam csökkentĂ©sĂ©vel elĆnyösen hatnak a minĆsĂ©g alakulĂĄsĂĄra. KözĂŒlĂŒk az elmĂșlt idĆszakban hazĂĄnkban Ă©s azon belĂŒl a Tokaji borvidĂ©ken is az Ă©rdeklĆdĂ©s homlokterĂ©be kerĂŒlt a fĂŒrtritkĂtĂĄs, ami alkalmas eszköze lehet a minĆsĂ©g javĂtĂĄsĂĄnak.
2002 Ă©s 2004 között a Tokaji borvidĂ©ken, a Tokaj-HĂ©tszĆlĆ Zrt. terĂŒletĂ©n, a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ fajtĂĄkon vizsgĂĄltam a fĂŒrtritkĂtĂĄs idejĂ©nek Ă©s mĂ©rtĂ©kĂ©nek hatĂĄsait. A kĂsĂ©rlet sorĂĄn nĂ©gy idĆpontban (kötĆdĂ©s, fĂŒrtzĂĄrĂłdĂĄs, zsendĂŒlĂ©s Ă©s Ă©rĂ©s) Ă©s kĂ©t erĆssĂ©gben (hajtĂĄsonkĂ©nt egy fĂŒrt, max. 12 fĂŒrt/tĆke Ă©s termĆalaponkĂ©nt egy fĂŒrt, max. 6 fĂŒrt/tĆke) hajtottam vĂ©gre fĂŒrtvĂĄlogatĂĄst, valamint kezeletlen kontroll tĆkĂ©ket is kijelöltem. VizsgĂĄltam a tĆkĂ©k vegetatĂv teljesĂtmĂ©nyĂ©nek, a termĂ©s mennyisĂ©gĂ©nek Ă©s minĆsĂ©gĂ©nek, illetve a bor minĆsĂ©gĂ©nek alakulĂĄsĂĄt. A mĂ©rĂ©seimet a nyugalmi idĆszakban a vesszĆk biokĂ©miai vizsgĂĄlatĂĄval is kiegĂ©szĂtettem.
VizsgĂĄlataim sorĂĄn megĂĄllapĂtottam, hogy a fĂŒrtritkĂtĂĄs hatĂĄsĂĄra nĆtt a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ tĆkĂ©k vegetatĂv teljesĂtmĂ©nye. A fĂŒrtterhelĂ©s csökkentĂ©sĂ©vel nĆtt a rĂŒgyek termĂ©kenysĂ©ge Ă©s a fĂŒrtök ĂĄtlagos tömege. A fĂŒrtvĂĄlogatĂĄs hatĂĄsĂĄra vegetatĂv Ă©s a generatĂv szervek közötti egyensĂșly akkor is optimalizĂĄlĂłdott, amikor a termĂ©smennyisĂ©g szĂĄmottevĆen nem csökkent. A kezelĂ©sek kedvezĆen befolyĂĄsoltĂĄk a must szĂĄmos beltartalmi mutatĂłjĂĄt, Ăgy a cukor, α-amino nirtrogĂ©n-, összes asszimilĂĄlhatĂł nitrogĂ©n-, arginin-, prolin-, kĂĄlium-, kalcium-, magnĂ©zium-, foszfor- Ă©s bĂłrtartalmĂĄt. A fĂŒrtterhelĂ©s mĂ©rsĂ©klĂ©sĂ©vel javult a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ borainak minĆsĂ©ge. Ezt a borok analitikai Ă©s szenzorikai Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©se is egyarĂĄnt igazolta. A must Ă©s a bor minĆsĂ©gi mutatĂłi a korĂĄbbi (fĂŒrtzĂĄrĂłdĂĄsig elvĂ©gzett) erĆs mĂ©rtĂ©kƱ kezelĂ©sek esetĂ©ben vettĂ©k fel a legkedvezĆbb Ă©rtĂ©keket mindkĂ©t fajta esetĂ©ben.
MĂ©rĂ©seim igazoltĂĄk, hogy a vesszĆ peroxidĂĄz- Ă©s polifenoloxidĂĄz- enzimaktivitĂĄsĂĄnak, illetve fenoltartalmĂĄnak meghatĂĄrozĂĄsa a tĆkĂ©ket Ă©rĆ stresszhatĂĄsok nyomon követĂ©sĂ©nek alkalmas mĂłdszere lehet. A vesszĆ peroxidĂĄz Ă©s polifenoloxidĂĄz enzim aktivitĂĄsa a fĂŒrtterhelĂ©s csökkentĂ©sĂ©vel csökkenĆ tendenciĂĄt mutatott.
A kĂsĂ©rlet sorĂĄn azonos termĆhelyen, valamint azonos ĂŒltetvĂ©nyszerkezet Ă©s termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgia mellett az egymĂĄshoz fajta rendszertani szempontbĂłl közeli rokonsĂĄgi kapcsolatban ĂĄllĂł Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ tĆkĂ©in vizsgĂĄlt mutatĂłk nemcsak abszolĂșt Ă©rtĂ©kĂŒkben kĂŒlönböztek egymĂĄstĂłl, hanem a fĂŒrtritkĂtĂĄsra adott vĂĄlaszreakciĂłik is eltĂ©rĆ mĂ©rtĂ©kƱek, esetenkĂ©nt eltĂ©rĆ irĂĄnyĂșak voltak.
KĂsĂ©rleteim eredmĂ©nyei alapjĂĄn megĂĄllapĂthatĂł, hogy a vizsgĂĄlt termĆhelyen, a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ fajtĂĄkon a fĂŒrtvĂĄlogatĂĄst kötĆdĂ©s Ă©s fĂŒrtzĂĄrĂłdĂĄs ĂĄllapota között (jĂșnius közepĂ©tĆl jĂșlius vĂ©gĂ©ig) cĂ©lszerƱ elvĂ©gezni. A Furmint esetĂ©ben javasolhatĂł az erĆsebb mĂ©rtĂ©kƱ (termĆalaponkĂ©nt egy fĂŒrt) fĂŒrtszĂĄm csökkentĂ©s. A HĂĄrslevelƱ fĂŒrtterhelĂ©sĂ©nek beĂĄllĂtĂĄsĂĄnĂĄl gazdasĂĄgossĂĄgi szempontokat figyelembe vĂ©ve szĂŒksĂ©gtelen a termĂ©s nagyobb mĂ©rtĂ©kƱ levĂĄlogatĂĄsa
A szĂĄlvesszĆgyƱrƱzĂ©s hatĂĄsa a bogyĂłhĂ©j fenolos koncentrĂĄciĂłjĂĄra hĂĄrom csemegeszĆlĆfajta esetĂ©ben
The effect of cane girdling on grape skin phenolic composition and concentration was examined on three Hungarian table grape varieties, i.e. noir-skinned \u27Esther\u27, rose-skinned \u27Lidi\u27, and blanc-skinned \u27Fanny\u27. Girdling was conducted at the BBCH 75 phenological growth stage (pea-sized berries). A significant increase was observed in anthocyaninglycosides in the treated berry skins irrespective of the cultivar. Other phenolic substances (gallic acid, trans-resveratrol, (+)-catechin, quercetin-3-glucuronide) were less sensitive to the treatment, but noticeable differences were found between the genotypes.A szĂĄlvesszĆgyƱrƱzĂ©s hatĂĄsĂĄt elemeztĂŒk a bogyĂłhĂ©j fenolos mennyisĂ©gi Ă©s minĆsĂ©gi mutatĂłira nĂ©zve hĂĄrom magyar nemesĂtĂ©sƱ csemegeszĆlĆfajta kapcsĂĄn. A sötĂ©t bogyĂłjĂș \u27Esther\u27, a rĂłzsaszĂn bogyĂłjĂș \u27Lidi\u27 Ă©s a fehĂ©r bogyĂłjĂș \u27Fanny\u27 kerĂŒltek vizsgĂĄlatra. A gyƱrƱzĂ©s a BBCH skĂĄla szerinti 75. fenolĂłgiai stĂĄdiumban (zöldborsĂł mĂ©retƱ bogyĂłk) kerĂŒlt kivitelezĂ©sre. SzignifikĂĄns növekedĂ©st tapasztaltunk a kezelĂ©s hatĂĄsĂĄra az antocianin-glĂŒkozidok esetĂ©ben szĆlĆfajtĂĄtĂłl fĂŒggetlenĂŒl. Az egyĂ©b fenolos összetevĆk (galluszsav, transz-rezveratrol, (+)-katehin, kvercetin-3-glĂŒkuronid) kevĂ©sbĂ© voltak Ă©rzĂ©kenyek a kezelĂ©sre, de az egyes genotĂpusok között Ă©szrevehetĆ kĂŒlönbsĂ©gek adĂłdtak
Domborzat hatĂĄsa a talajnedvessĂ©g-forgalomra szĆlĆĂŒltetvĂ©nyen
ĂsszefoglalĂĄs
A klĂmavĂĄltozĂĄs hatĂĄsĂĄra vĂĄrhatĂłan nem csak a csapadĂ©k Ă©ves mennyisĂ©ge, hanem az Ă©ven belĂŒli eloszlĂĄsa is vĂĄltozik, egyidejƱleg megvĂĄltozhat annak az idĆszaknak a hossza, amelyben a talajok vĂzbefogadĂĄsra kĂ©pesek. A talajnedvessĂ©g Ă©s csapadĂ©k idĆsoros adatok alapjĂĄn vizsgĂĄlhatjuk a vĂĄltozĂł környezetei feltĂ©telek hatĂĄsĂĄt a talajok vĂzgazdĂĄlkodĂĄsĂĄra.
Jelen tanulmĂĄnyban 2017. jĂșniusâ2018. mĂĄjus közötti idĆszakban a talajnedvessĂ©g-tartalom alakulĂĄsĂĄt vizsgĂĄltuk kĂ©t eltĂ©rĆ domborzati adottsĂĄgĂș szelvĂ©nyben (teraszon Ă©s lejtĆn) a tokaji Nagy-hegy dĂ©li lejtĆjĂ©n elhelyezkedĆ Szarvas-dƱlĆ szĆlĆĂŒltetvĂ©nyen. ĂsszehasonlĂtottuk a kĂ©t mĂ©rĆhely talajnedvessĂ©gforgalmĂĄt, valamint vizsgĂĄltuk a csapadĂ©kesemĂ©nyek hatĂĄsĂĄt.
A teraszon lĂ©vĆ szelvĂ©ny a csapadĂ©k jellemzĆen 65â99%-ĂĄt közvetlenĂŒl befogadta, mĂg azonos csapadĂ©kesemĂ©nyekre nĂ©zve ez az Ă©rtĂ©k a lejtĆn, az intenzĂvebb felszĂni pĂĄrolgĂĄs, valamint a felszĂni lefolyĂĄs miatt csak 30â80%, szĂ©lsĆsĂ©ges esetben ennĂ©l is kisebb volt.
Az egyes rĂ©tegekben mĂ©rt nedvessĂ©g profilok adataibĂłl következtettĂŒnk a beszivĂĄrgĂĄs dinamikĂĄjĂĄra, a vĂzĂĄteresztĂ©s mĂ©rtĂ©kĂ©re. Azt tapasztaltuk, hogy telĂtett ĂĄllapotĂș szelvĂ©ny esetĂ©n a terasz erĆsen tömĆdött rĂ©tege a vĂĄrtnĂĄl kevĂ©sbĂ© akadĂĄlyozta a nedvessĂ©g mĂ©lyebb rĂ©tegek felĂ© terjedĂ©sĂ©t.
A teraszon lĂ©vĆ szelvĂ©ny a tömĆdött rĂ©tegek ellenĂ©re összessĂ©gĂ©ben kedvezĆbb vĂzhĂĄztartĂĄst biztosĂtott, mint a meredek lejtĆ. A lejtĆ kedvezĆtlen vĂzhĂĄztartĂĄsĂĄt rĂ©szben a nyĂĄri erĆteljes pĂĄrolgĂĄs, rĂ©szben az egĂ©sz Ă©vben jelentĆs felszĂni lefolyĂĄs okozta. A szelvĂ©nyek vĂzkĂ©szletĂ©t 120 cm mĂ©lysĂ©gig összegezve megĂĄllapĂtottuk, hogy a terasz teljes vĂzkĂ©szlete a vizsgĂĄlt idĆszakban ĂĄtlagosan több mint 20%-kal meghaladta a lejtĆn feltĂĄrt szelvĂ©nyĂ©t. Ez a kĂŒlönbsĂ©g a nyĂĄri hĂłnapokban 90â108 mm vĂztöbbletet jelentett a teraszon, a hasznosĂthatĂł vĂz arĂĄnyĂĄban kifejezve 62â88 mm-t. NyĂĄron, az eltĂ©rĆ szĂĄradĂĄs miatt augusztus vĂ©gĂ©n volt a legnagyobb a terasz nedvessĂ©gtöbblete (114 mm-rel), mĂg a tĂ©liâtavaszi idĆszakban az eltĂ©rĆ intenzitĂĄsĂș feltöltĆdĂ©s okozott kĂŒlönbsĂ©get (legnagyobb eltĂ©rĂ©s: 159 mm).
A vĂzkĂ©szletek tĂ©liâtavaszi feltöltĆdĂ©se szempontjĂĄbĂłl mĂĄs-mĂĄs idĆszakra volt Ă©rzĂ©keny a kĂ©t szelvĂ©ny. A terasz fagymentes idĆszakban, december vĂ©gĂ©re gyakorlatilag elĂ©rte a maximĂĄlis vĂzkapacitĂĄsĂĄt, s ezt kisebb ingadozĂĄsokkal megtartotta ĂĄprilis elejĂ©ig, melyet a februĂĄrâmĂĄrciusi fagyos idĆszak sem befolyĂĄsolt. A lejtĆ szelvĂ©nye fokozatosan töltĆdött fel, vĂzkĂ©szlete december közepĂ©tĆl a jellemzĆen fagyveszĂ©lyes januĂĄrâfebruĂĄri idĆszakban is növekedett, majd ĂĄprilis elejĂ©re âtetĆzöttâ, 30 mm-re megközelĂtve a terasz vĂzkĂ©szletĂ©t. A feltöltĆdĂ©s menetĂ©ben tapasztalt eltĂ©rĂ©s azt mutatja, hogy a terasz vĂzkĂ©szlete a korai feltöltĆdĂ©s miatt nem Ă©rzĂ©keny a jellemzĆen fagyos februĂĄrâmĂĄrciusi idĆszakra. A lejtĆ vĂzkĂ©szletĂ©nek feltöltĆdĂ©se azonban jĂłval belenyĂșlik a potenciĂĄlisan fagyos idĆszakba, vĂzkĂ©szletĂ©nek alakulĂĄsĂĄt a fagyos napok szĂĄmĂĄnak vĂĄltozĂĄsa jobban befolyĂĄsolja
The Effect of Irrigation on the Vineyard Canopy and Individual Leaf Morphology Evaluated with Proximal Sensing, Colorimetry, and Traditional Morphometry
The high number of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars grown world-wide are described and identified according to detailed morphological and morphometric descriptor lists. The grapevine leaf is of utmost importance in characterization, despite its traits being very sensitive to environmental factors. In this study, the effect of irrigation/drought stress on the individual leaf morphology and morphometry of the âHĂĄrslevelƱâ grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivar was examined. To verify the effect of the applied irrigation methods (drip and subsoil irrigation) on the plantâs water status, water potential measurements were carried out during the 2022 season. The effect of the applied treatments on the vegetative growth was evaluated according to point quadrat and a multichannel LiDAR analysis in order to describe the width of the canopy area, row volume, and area coverage index. The individual leaf morphology was assessed via traditional morphometry and colorimetry. Our results showed that rainfed plants had a significantly lower stem Ï compared to the drip- and subsoil-irrigated plants at all examined dates. The point quadrat results indicate that the leaf layer number was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by the position, while the treatment showed no effect on the leaf layer number. The leaf colorimetry showed a difference among the samples, as significant alterations were found in 28 out of the 32 examined color properties. Within the traditional morphometric analysis, 54 traits were evaluated, and 14 of the traits were significantly altered due to the different water management systems