7 research outputs found

    The Style and the Man Himself : Marcell Jankovics’ Lifework in the Postmodern Age

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    Marcell Jankovics (1941-2021) was a director of animation films, cultural historian, educator, and culture politician, an outstanding figure of Hungarian animation who won the Golden Palm Award for the best short film with his 1977 work Fighters. Towards the end of his life he often voiced the opinion that in spite of his rich life’s work he had no creative drawing style of his own. The ageing artist’s lament poses the question as to how the work of an artist who disdained post-modernism may contain post-modernist features. This is the question that we intend to examine by scrutinising the series of animation films JĂĄnos VitĂ©z, based on a narrative poem by SĂĄndor PetƑfi, the Tragedy of Man, adapted from Imre MadĂĄch’s mankind-poem, and Toldi, based on the epic trilogy by JĂĄnos Arany, as well as the book illustrations. Although the works of Marcell Jankovics are described as post-modernist from a iconographic perspective, his films, and his cultural history works, always point towards a single common (mythical, religious, ritual) logos. Thus, the oeuvre of Marcell Jankovics may be regarded as ‘post-modernist’ only in the sense that he is also characterised by a flair for classicising, that is, he also created a particular canon by way of invoking

    A fĂŒrtritkĂ­tĂĄs idejĂ©nek Ă©s mĂ©rtĂ©kĂ©nek hatĂĄsa a furmint Ă©s a hĂĄrslevelƱ fajtĂĄk vegetatĂ­v Ă©s generatĂ­v teljesĂ­tmĂ©nyĂ©re Tokaj-HegyaljĂĄn

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    A szƑlƑtermesztĂ©sben kĂŒlönösen felĂ©rtĂ©kelƑdött azon termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgiai mƱveletek jelentƑsĂ©ge, melyek a termĂ©shozam csökkentĂ©sĂ©vel elƑnyösen hatnak a minƑsĂ©g alakulĂĄsĂĄra. KözĂŒlĂŒk az elmĂșlt idƑszakban hazĂĄnkban Ă©s azon belĂŒl a Tokaji borvidĂ©ken is az Ă©rdeklƑdĂ©s homlokterĂ©be kerĂŒlt a fĂŒrtritkĂ­tĂĄs, ami alkalmas eszköze lehet a minƑsĂ©g javĂ­tĂĄsĂĄnak. 2002 Ă©s 2004 között a Tokaji borvidĂ©ken, a Tokaj-HĂ©tszƑlƑ Zrt. terĂŒletĂ©n, a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ fajtĂĄkon vizsgĂĄltam a fĂŒrtritkĂ­tĂĄs idejĂ©nek Ă©s mĂ©rtĂ©kĂ©nek hatĂĄsait. A kĂ­sĂ©rlet sorĂĄn nĂ©gy idƑpontban (kötƑdĂ©s, fĂŒrtzĂĄrĂłdĂĄs, zsendĂŒlĂ©s Ă©s Ă©rĂ©s) Ă©s kĂ©t erƑssĂ©gben (hajtĂĄsonkĂ©nt egy fĂŒrt, max. 12 fĂŒrt/tƑke Ă©s termƑalaponkĂ©nt egy fĂŒrt, max. 6 fĂŒrt/tƑke) hajtottam vĂ©gre fĂŒrtvĂĄlogatĂĄst, valamint kezeletlen kontroll tƑkĂ©ket is kijelöltem. VizsgĂĄltam a tƑkĂ©k vegetatĂ­v teljesĂ­tmĂ©nyĂ©nek, a termĂ©s mennyisĂ©gĂ©nek Ă©s minƑsĂ©gĂ©nek, illetve a bor minƑsĂ©gĂ©nek alakulĂĄsĂĄt. A mĂ©rĂ©seimet a nyugalmi idƑszakban a vesszƑk biokĂ©miai vizsgĂĄlatĂĄval is kiegĂ©szĂ­tettem. VizsgĂĄlataim sorĂĄn megĂĄllapĂ­tottam, hogy a fĂŒrtritkĂ­tĂĄs hatĂĄsĂĄra nƑtt a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ tƑkĂ©k vegetatĂ­v teljesĂ­tmĂ©nye. A fĂŒrtterhelĂ©s csökkentĂ©sĂ©vel nƑtt a rĂŒgyek termĂ©kenysĂ©ge Ă©s a fĂŒrtök ĂĄtlagos tömege. A fĂŒrtvĂĄlogatĂĄs hatĂĄsĂĄra vegetatĂ­v Ă©s a generatĂ­v szervek közötti egyensĂșly akkor is optimalizĂĄlĂłdott, amikor a termĂ©smennyisĂ©g szĂĄmottevƑen nem csökkent. A kezelĂ©sek kedvezƑen befolyĂĄsoltĂĄk a must szĂĄmos beltartalmi mutatĂłjĂĄt, Ă­gy a cukor, α-amino nirtrogĂ©n-, összes asszimilĂĄlhatĂł nitrogĂ©n-, arginin-, prolin-, kĂĄlium-, kalcium-, magnĂ©zium-, foszfor- Ă©s bĂłrtartalmĂĄt. A fĂŒrtterhelĂ©s mĂ©rsĂ©klĂ©sĂ©vel javult a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ borainak minƑsĂ©ge. Ezt a borok analitikai Ă©s szenzorikai Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©se is egyarĂĄnt igazolta. A must Ă©s a bor minƑsĂ©gi mutatĂłi a korĂĄbbi (fĂŒrtzĂĄrĂłdĂĄsig elvĂ©gzett) erƑs mĂ©rtĂ©kƱ kezelĂ©sek esetĂ©ben vettĂ©k fel a legkedvezƑbb Ă©rtĂ©keket mindkĂ©t fajta esetĂ©ben. MĂ©rĂ©seim igazoltĂĄk, hogy a vesszƑ peroxidĂĄz- Ă©s polifenoloxidĂĄz- enzimaktivitĂĄsĂĄnak, illetve fenoltartalmĂĄnak meghatĂĄrozĂĄsa a tƑkĂ©ket Ă©rƑ stresszhatĂĄsok nyomon követĂ©sĂ©nek alkalmas mĂłdszere lehet. A vesszƑ peroxidĂĄz Ă©s polifenoloxidĂĄz enzim aktivitĂĄsa a fĂŒrtterhelĂ©s csökkentĂ©sĂ©vel csökkenƑ tendenciĂĄt mutatott. A kĂ­sĂ©rlet sorĂĄn azonos termƑhelyen, valamint azonos ĂŒltetvĂ©nyszerkezet Ă©s termesztĂ©stechnolĂłgia mellett az egymĂĄshoz fajta rendszertani szempontbĂłl közeli rokonsĂĄgi kapcsolatban ĂĄllĂł Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ tƑkĂ©in vizsgĂĄlt mutatĂłk nemcsak abszolĂșt Ă©rtĂ©kĂŒkben kĂŒlönböztek egymĂĄstĂłl, hanem a fĂŒrtritkĂ­tĂĄsra adott vĂĄlaszreakciĂłik is eltĂ©rƑ mĂ©rtĂ©kƱek, esetenkĂ©nt eltĂ©rƑ irĂĄnyĂșak voltak. KĂ­sĂ©rleteim eredmĂ©nyei alapjĂĄn megĂĄllapĂ­thatĂł, hogy a vizsgĂĄlt termƑhelyen, a Furmint Ă©s a HĂĄrslevelƱ fajtĂĄkon a fĂŒrtvĂĄlogatĂĄst kötƑdĂ©s Ă©s fĂŒrtzĂĄrĂłdĂĄs ĂĄllapota között (jĂșnius közepĂ©tƑl jĂșlius vĂ©gĂ©ig) cĂ©lszerƱ elvĂ©gezni. A Furmint esetĂ©ben javasolhatĂł az erƑsebb mĂ©rtĂ©kƱ (termƑalaponkĂ©nt egy fĂŒrt) fĂŒrtszĂĄm csökkentĂ©s. A HĂĄrslevelƱ fĂŒrtterhelĂ©sĂ©nek beĂĄllĂ­tĂĄsĂĄnĂĄl gazdasĂĄgossĂĄgi szempontokat figyelembe vĂ©ve szĂŒksĂ©gtelen a termĂ©s nagyobb mĂ©rtĂ©kƱ levĂĄlogatĂĄsa

    A szĂĄlvesszƑgyƱrƱzĂ©s hatĂĄsa a bogyĂłhĂ©j fenolos koncentrĂĄciĂłjĂĄra hĂĄrom csemegeszƑlƑfajta esetĂ©ben

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    The effect of cane girdling on grape skin phenolic composition and concentration was examined on three Hungarian table grape varieties, i.e. noir-skinned \u27Esther\u27, rose-skinned \u27Lidi\u27, and blanc-skinned \u27Fanny\u27. Girdling was conducted at the BBCH 75 phenological growth stage (pea-sized berries). A significant increase was observed in anthocyaninglycosides in the treated berry skins irrespective of the cultivar. Other phenolic substances (gallic acid, trans-resveratrol, (+)-catechin, quercetin-3-glucuronide) were less sensitive to the treatment, but noticeable differences were found between the genotypes.A szĂĄlvesszƑgyƱrƱzĂ©s hatĂĄsĂĄt elemeztĂŒk a bogyĂłhĂ©j fenolos mennyisĂ©gi Ă©s minƑsĂ©gi mutatĂłira nĂ©zve hĂĄrom magyar nemesĂ­tĂ©sƱ csemegeszƑlƑfajta kapcsĂĄn. A sötĂ©t bogyĂłjĂș \u27Esther\u27, a rĂłzsaszĂ­n bogyĂłjĂș \u27Lidi\u27 Ă©s a fehĂ©r bogyĂłjĂș \u27Fanny\u27 kerĂŒltek vizsgĂĄlatra. A gyƱrƱzĂ©s a BBCH skĂĄla szerinti 75. fenolĂłgiai stĂĄdiumban (zöldborsĂł mĂ©retƱ bogyĂłk) kerĂŒlt kivitelezĂ©sre. SzignifikĂĄns növekedĂ©st tapasztaltunk a kezelĂ©s hatĂĄsĂĄra az antocianin-glĂŒkozidok esetĂ©ben szƑlƑfajtĂĄtĂłl fĂŒggetlenĂŒl. Az egyĂ©b fenolos összetevƑk (galluszsav, transz-rezveratrol, (+)-katehin, kvercetin-3-glĂŒkuronid) kevĂ©sbĂ© voltak Ă©rzĂ©kenyek a kezelĂ©sre, de az egyes genotĂ­pusok között Ă©szrevehetƑ kĂŒlönbsĂ©gek adĂłdtak

    Domborzat hatĂĄsa a talajnedvessĂ©g-forgalomra szƑlĆ‘ĂŒltetvĂ©nyen

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    ÖsszefoglalĂĄs A klĂ­mavĂĄltozĂĄs hatĂĄsĂĄra vĂĄrhatĂłan nem csak a csapadĂ©k Ă©ves mennyisĂ©ge, hanem az Ă©ven belĂŒli eloszlĂĄsa is vĂĄltozik, egyidejƱleg megvĂĄltozhat annak az idƑszaknak a hossza, amelyben a talajok vĂ­zbefogadĂĄsra kĂ©pesek. A talajnedvessĂ©g Ă©s csapadĂ©k idƑsoros adatok alapjĂĄn vizsgĂĄlhatjuk a vĂĄltozĂł környezetei feltĂ©telek hatĂĄsĂĄt a talajok vĂ­zgazdĂĄlkodĂĄsĂĄra. Jelen tanulmĂĄnyban 2017. jĂșnius–2018. mĂĄjus közötti idƑszakban a talajnedvessĂ©g-tartalom alakulĂĄsĂĄt vizsgĂĄltuk kĂ©t eltĂ©rƑ domborzati adottsĂĄgĂș szelvĂ©nyben (teraszon Ă©s lejtƑn) a tokaji Nagy-hegy dĂ©li lejtƑjĂ©n elhelyezkedƑ Szarvas-dƱlƑ szƑlĆ‘ĂŒltetvĂ©nyen. ÖsszehasonlĂ­tottuk a kĂ©t mĂ©rƑhely talajnedvessĂ©gforgalmĂĄt, valamint vizsgĂĄltuk a csapadĂ©kesemĂ©nyek hatĂĄsĂĄt. A teraszon lĂ©vƑ szelvĂ©ny a csapadĂ©k jellemzƑen 65–99%-ĂĄt közvetlenĂŒl befogadta, mĂ­g azonos csapadĂ©kesemĂ©nyekre nĂ©zve ez az Ă©rtĂ©k a lejtƑn, az intenzĂ­vebb felszĂ­ni pĂĄrolgĂĄs, valamint a felszĂ­ni lefolyĂĄs miatt csak 30–80%, szĂ©lsƑsĂ©ges esetben ennĂ©l is kisebb volt. Az egyes rĂ©tegekben mĂ©rt nedvessĂ©g profilok adataibĂłl következtettĂŒnk a beszivĂĄrgĂĄs dinamikĂĄjĂĄra, a vĂ­zĂĄteresztĂ©s mĂ©rtĂ©kĂ©re. Azt tapasztaltuk, hogy telĂ­tett ĂĄllapotĂș szelvĂ©ny esetĂ©n a terasz erƑsen tömƑdött rĂ©tege a vĂĄrtnĂĄl kevĂ©sbĂ© akadĂĄlyozta a nedvessĂ©g mĂ©lyebb rĂ©tegek felĂ© terjedĂ©sĂ©t. A teraszon lĂ©vƑ szelvĂ©ny a tömƑdött rĂ©tegek ellenĂ©re összessĂ©gĂ©ben kedvezƑbb vĂ­zhĂĄztartĂĄst biztosĂ­tott, mint a meredek lejtƑ. A lejtƑ kedvezƑtlen vĂ­zhĂĄztartĂĄsĂĄt rĂ©szben a nyĂĄri erƑteljes pĂĄrolgĂĄs, rĂ©szben az egĂ©sz Ă©vben jelentƑs felszĂ­ni lefolyĂĄs okozta. A szelvĂ©nyek vĂ­zkĂ©szletĂ©t 120 cm mĂ©lysĂ©gig összegezve megĂĄllapĂ­tottuk, hogy a terasz teljes vĂ­zkĂ©szlete a vizsgĂĄlt idƑszakban ĂĄtlagosan több mint 20%-kal meghaladta a lejtƑn feltĂĄrt szelvĂ©nyĂ©t. Ez a kĂŒlönbsĂ©g a nyĂĄri hĂłnapokban 90–108 mm vĂ­ztöbbletet jelentett a teraszon, a hasznosĂ­thatĂł vĂ­z arĂĄnyĂĄban kifejezve 62–88 mm-t. NyĂĄron, az eltĂ©rƑ szĂĄradĂĄs miatt augusztus vĂ©gĂ©n volt a legnagyobb a terasz nedvessĂ©gtöbblete (114 mm-rel), mĂ­g a tĂ©li–tavaszi idƑszakban az eltĂ©rƑ intenzitĂĄsĂș feltöltƑdĂ©s okozott kĂŒlönbsĂ©get (legnagyobb eltĂ©rĂ©s: 159 mm). A vĂ­zkĂ©szletek tĂ©li–tavaszi feltöltƑdĂ©se szempontjĂĄbĂłl mĂĄs-mĂĄs idƑszakra volt Ă©rzĂ©keny a kĂ©t szelvĂ©ny. A terasz fagymentes idƑszakban, december vĂ©gĂ©re gyakorlatilag elĂ©rte a maximĂĄlis vĂ­zkapacitĂĄsĂĄt, s ezt kisebb ingadozĂĄsokkal megtartotta ĂĄprilis elejĂ©ig, melyet a februĂĄr–mĂĄrciusi fagyos idƑszak sem befolyĂĄsolt. A lejtƑ szelvĂ©nye fokozatosan töltƑdött fel, vĂ­zkĂ©szlete december közepĂ©tƑl a jellemzƑen fagyveszĂ©lyes januĂĄr–februĂĄri idƑszakban is növekedett, majd ĂĄprilis elejĂ©re „tetƑzött”, 30 mm-re megközelĂ­tve a terasz vĂ­zkĂ©szletĂ©t. A feltöltƑdĂ©s menetĂ©ben tapasztalt eltĂ©rĂ©s azt mutatja, hogy a terasz vĂ­zkĂ©szlete a korai feltöltƑdĂ©s miatt nem Ă©rzĂ©keny a jellemzƑen fagyos februĂĄr–mĂĄrciusi idƑszakra. A lejtƑ vĂ­zkĂ©szletĂ©nek feltöltƑdĂ©se azonban jĂłval belenyĂșlik a potenciĂĄlisan fagyos idƑszakba, vĂ­zkĂ©szletĂ©nek alakulĂĄsĂĄt a fagyos napok szĂĄmĂĄnak vĂĄltozĂĄsa jobban befolyĂĄsolja

    The Effect of Irrigation on the Vineyard Canopy and Individual Leaf Morphology Evaluated with Proximal Sensing, Colorimetry, and Traditional Morphometry

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    The high number of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars grown world-wide are described and identified according to detailed morphological and morphometric descriptor lists. The grapevine leaf is of utmost importance in characterization, despite its traits being very sensitive to environmental factors. In this study, the effect of irrigation/drought stress on the individual leaf morphology and morphometry of the ‘HĂĄrslevelƱ’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivar was examined. To verify the effect of the applied irrigation methods (drip and subsoil irrigation) on the plant’s water status, water potential measurements were carried out during the 2022 season. The effect of the applied treatments on the vegetative growth was evaluated according to point quadrat and a multichannel LiDAR analysis in order to describe the width of the canopy area, row volume, and area coverage index. The individual leaf morphology was assessed via traditional morphometry and colorimetry. Our results showed that rainfed plants had a significantly lower stem ψ compared to the drip- and subsoil-irrigated plants at all examined dates. The point quadrat results indicate that the leaf layer number was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by the position, while the treatment showed no effect on the leaf layer number. The leaf colorimetry showed a difference among the samples, as significant alterations were found in 28 out of the 32 examined color properties. Within the traditional morphometric analysis, 54 traits were evaluated, and 14 of the traits were significantly altered due to the different water management systems
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