Sperm motility in fish: technical applications and perspectives through CASA systems

[EN] Although a relatively high number of sperm quality biomarkers have been reported over the years in several fish species, sperm motility is nowadays considered the best biomarker for fish spermatozoa. The first scientific reports focusing on fish sperm motility date from a century ago, but the objective assessment allowed by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA-Mot) systems was not applied to fish species until the mid-1980s. Since then, a high number of sperm kinetic parameters from more than 170 fish species have been reported in more than 700 scientific articles, covering a wide range of topics, such as sperm physiology, sperm storage, broodstock management, the phenomenon of sperm competition, ecotoxicology and understanding the life cycle of the species. The sperm kinetic parameters provided by CASA-Mot systems can serve as powerful and useful tools for aquaculture and ecological purposes, and this review provides an overview of the major research areas in which fish sperm motility assessment by a CASA-Mot system has been used successfully.This writing of this manuscript as received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 642893 (ETN IMPRESS). V. Gallego has a postdoctoral grant from the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (PAID-10-16).Gallego Albiach, V.; Asturiano Nemesio, JF. (2018). Sperm motility in fish: technical applications and perspectives through CASA systems. Reproduction Fertility and Development. 30(6):820-832. https://doi.org/10.1071/RD17460S82083230

Helminth fauna of the bank vole Myodes glareolus (Rodentia, Arvicolinae) on the territory of Fruska Gora Mountain (Serbia) - A potential source of zoonoses

The quantitative and qualitative composition of the helminth fauna of 588 bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from the territory of Fruska Gora Mountain (Serbia) were analysed with the aim to determine if the species is a natural reservoir of any zoonotic infection. The presence of nine nematode and five cestodes species was detected. The following roundworm species were revealed: Capillaria murissylvatici (Dieseng, 1851, Nematoda: Capillariidae), Trichocephalus muris (Schrank, 1788, Nematoda: Trichuriidae), Heligmosomoides glareoli (Baylis, 1928, Nematoda: Heligmosomidae), H. polygirus (Dujardin, 1845), Heligmosomum mixtum (Schulz, 1954, Nematoda: Heligmosomidae), Aspiculuris tetraptera (Nitzsch, 1821, Nematoda: Oxyuridae), Syphacia petrusewiczi (Bernard, 1996, Nematoda: Oxyuridae), S. stroma (Linstow, 1884, Nematoda: Oxyuridae) and Rictularia proni (Seurat, 1915, Nematoda: Rictulariidae). Two species of adult tapeworms parasitized the bank vole: Catenotaenia henttoneni (Kirschenblatt, 1949, Cestoda: Catenotaeniidae) and Hymenolepis asymmetrica (Janicki, 1904, Cestoda: Hymenolepididae), and three in the larval stage: Taenia martes (Zeder, 1803, Cestoda: Taeniidae), Taenia polyacantha(Leuckart, 1856, Cestoda: Taeniidae) and Mesocestoides lineatus (Goeze, 1782, Cestoda: Mesocestoididae). The largest number of hosts was infected with Heligmosomoides glareoli and Catenotaenia henttoneni. In addition, three larval tapeworms important for veterinary science and medicine were recovered: Taenia martes, Tatratirotaeina polyacantha and Mesocestoides lineatus. For these, the bank vole is an important intermediate host. Given the fact that, up until now, the bank vole has not been researched for parasite fauna, it is a new host for all determined helminth species. The results obtained contribute to the knowledge on helminth fauna of rodents in Serbia, which was not thoroughly studied so far

Comparison of meat quality of tench, Tinca tinca, reared in extensive and semi-intensive culture systems

The aim of the study was to examine the production parameters and chemical composition of fillets in tench, Tinca tinca L., farmed in one of two systems: an extensive system based on only natural food (NF) available in the fish ponds; and a semi-intensive system based on natural food plus the addition of formulated feeds supplemented with various oils: fish (FO), rapeseed (RO), soybean (SO), or linseed oil (LO). Proper pond preparation resulted in a favourable amount and structure of natural food in all ponds. The rearing system had a significant influence on the tench yield, muscle lipid contents and fatty acid composition, and the supplemented feed influenced the fatty acid composition. The percentages of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid and total highly unsaturated n-3 fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) were higher in the fish oil and the natural food groups than in the others. The n-3/n-6 ratio in the five dietary treatments was notably variable, and in any case higher in fillets than in the diets. In conclusion, the present study suggests that RO, SO and LO represent effective lipid sources for tench fed formulated diets. On the other hand, tench that fed on naturally available pond foods had a high content of n-3 HUFA in their muscle lipids, but poor growth parameters and low yields

The first determination of Eustrongylides excisus Jagerskiold, 1909-larvae (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in the pike-perch Sander lucioperca in Vojvodina (Serbia)

Twenty-one specimens of pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) were caught in the Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal in the city area of Novi Sad for parasitological examination. The presence of nematodes in the muscles was revealed in three fish. The parasites were identified to belong to the species Eustrongylides excisus, for which the pike-perch is a paratenic host. This finding represents the first determination of the larvae in the pike-perch in Serbia. The pike-perch is infected by ingestion of benthos- or plankton-eating fishes, the second intermediate hosts harbouring the fourth-stage nematode larvae. E. excisus is pathogenic to humans, who may be infected by consuming raw or undercooked fish

The first determination of Eustrongylides excisus Jägerskiöld, 1909 — larvae (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in the pike-perch Sander lucioperca in Vojvodina (Serbia)

Twenty-one specimens of pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) were caught in the Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal in the city area of Novi Sad for parasitological examination. The presence of nematodes in the muscles was revealed in three fish. The parasites were identified to belong to the species Eustrongylides excisus, for which the pike-perch is a paratenic host. This finding represents the first determination of the larvae in the pike-perch in Serbia. The pike-perch is infected by ingestion of benthos- or plankton-eating fishes, the second intermediate hosts harbouring the fourth-stage nematode larvae. E. excisus is pathogenic to humans, who may be infected by consuming raw or undercooked fish

Doppler method in the diagnostics of patients with ischaemic brain lesions

Transkranijski obojeni dopler je neinvazivna metoda za ispitivanje moždane hemodinamike u novorođenčadi i dojenčadi s perinatalnim moždanim udarom. U akutnoj fazi ishemijskog moždanog udara, najprije se primjemjuje ultrazvučna pretraga mozga, kojom se obično registrira pojačana ehogenost na strani ishemije, a moždani protok registriran doplerskom metodom, najčešće je odsutan ili ekstremno nizak u zahvaćenoj moždanoj arteriji. Nakon faze rekanalizacije protok se opet registrira, ali je hipoperfuzija na strani oštećenja najčešće prisutna i na ponavljanim snimanjima. Kad je zahvaćena cijela glavna grana srednje moždane arterije, reduciran protok na strani ishemije najčešće je trajan nalaz. Kad infarkt nastane u području lentikulostrijatalnih ili kortikalnih ogranaka srednje moždane arterije, doplerski nalaz često je uredan ili se nakon početne granične perfuzije moždna cirkulacija normalizira. Dakle, ultrazvuk i transkranijski dopler na prvom su mjestu u dijagnostičkom algoritmu ishemijskog moždanog udara u perinatalnom razdoblju. Transkranijskim doplerom mogu se dijagnosticirati i pratiti promjene moždane perfuzije i oporavak nakon ishemije, a definitivna dijagnoza postavlja se drugim slikovnim pretragama mozga, prvenstveno tehnikama magnetske rezonancije.Transcranial color Doppler is a noninvasive diagnostic procedure for investigation of cerebral blood flow in newborns and infants with perinatal focal ischaemic lesions. In the acute stage of infarction, brain ultrasonography shows hyperechogenicity of brain parenchyma at the site of the infarction. Transcranial color Doppler shows absent cerebral blood flow in the ischaemic artery. After the recanalisation phase, if the infarction was situated in the main branch of the middle cerebral artery, Doppler shows reduced cerebral blood flow. If infarction was situated in the lenticulostriatal or cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery, Doppler shows normal blood flow or its early normalization. So, brain ultrasonography and transcranial color Doppler are the first steps in the diagnostic algorithm of focal ischaemic brain lesion in newborns and infants, but it has to be confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging

Protected freshwater ecosystem with incessant cyanobacterial blooming awaiting a resolution

© 2019 by the authors. For 50 years persistent cyanobacterial blooms have been observed in Lake Ludos (Serbia), a wetland area of international significance listed as a Ramsar site. Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins can affect many organisms, including valuable flora and fauna, such as rare and endangered bird species living or visiting the lake. The aim was to carry out monitoring, estimate the current status of the lake, and discuss potential resolutions. Results obtained showed: (a) the poor chemical state of the lake; (b) the presence of potentially toxic (genera Dolichospermum, Microcystis, Planktothrix, Chroococcus, Oscillatoria, Woronichinia and dominant species Limnothrix redekei and Pseudanabaena limnetica) and invasive cyanobacterial species Raphidiopsis raciborskii; (c) the detection of microcystin (MC) and saxitoxin (STX) coding genes in biomass samples; (d) the detection of several microcystin variants (MC-LR, MC-dmLR, MC-RR, MC-dmRR, MC-LF) in water samples; (e) histopathological alterations in fish liver, kidney and gills. The potential health risk to all organisms in the ecosystem and the ecosystem itself is thus still real and present. Although there is still no resolution in sight, urgent remediation measures are needed to alleviate the incessant cyanobacterial problem in Lake Ludos to break this ecosystem out of the perpetual state of limbo in which it has been trapped for quite some time

Cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and their histopathological effects on fish tissues in Fehérvárcsurgó reservoir, Hungary

Cyanobacteria are important members of lake plankton, but they have the ability to form blooms and produce cyanotoxins and thus cause a number of adverse effects. Freshwater ecosystems around the world have been investigated for the distribution of cyanobacteria and their toxins and the effects they have on the ecosystems. Similar research was performed on the Fehérvárcsurgó reservoir in Hungary during 2018. Cyanobacteria were present and blooming, and the highest abundance was recorded in July (2,822,000 cells/mL). The species present were Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Microcystis flos-aquae, Microcystis wesenbergii, Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi, Dolichospermum flos-aquae, and Snowella litoralis. In July and September, the microcystin encoding gene mcyE and the saxitoxin encoding gene sxtG were amplified in the biomass samples. While a low concentration of microcystin-RR was found in one water sample from July, analyses of Abramis brama and Carassius gibelio caught from the reservoir did not show the presence of the investigated microcystins in the fish tissue. However, several histopathological changes, predominantly in gills and kidneys, were observed in the fish, and the damage was more severe during May and especially July, which coincides with the increase in cyanobacterial biomass during the summer months. Cyanobacteria may thus have adverse effects in this ecosystem