5,009 research outputs found
The economics of garbage collection
This paper argues that economic theory can improve our understanding of memory management. We introduce the allocation curve, as an analogue of the demand curve from microeconomics. An allocation curve for a program characterises how the amount of garbage collection activity required during its execution varies in relation to the heap size associated with that program. The standard treatment of microeconomic demand curves (shifts and elasticity) can be applied directly and intuitively to our new allocation curves. As an application of this new theory, we show how allocation elasticity can be used to control the heap growth rate for variable sized heaps in Jikes RVM
Scattering processes could distinguish Majorana from Dirac neutrinos
It is well known that Majorana neutrinos have a pure axial neutral current
interaction while Dirac neutrinos have the standard vector-axial interaction.
In spite of this crucial difference, usually Dirac neutrino processes differ
from Majorana processes by a term proportional to the neutrino mass, resulting
in almost unmeasurable observations of this difference. In the present work we
show that once the neutrino polarization evolution is considered, there are
clear differences between Dirac and Majorana scattering on electrons. The
change of polarization can be achieved in astrophysical environments with
strong magnetic fields. Furthermore, we show that in the case of unpolarized
neutrino scattering onto polarized electrons, this difference can be relevant
even for large values of the neutrino energy.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
KamLAND, solar antineutrinos and the solar magnetic field
In this work the possibility of detecting solar electron antineutrinos
produced by a solar core magnetic field from the KamLAND recent observations is
investigated. We find a scaling of the antineutrino probability with respect to
the magnetic field profile in the sense that the same probability function can
be reproduced by any profile with a suitable peak field value. In this way the
solar electron antineutrino spectrum can be unambiguosly predicted. We use this
scaling and the negative results indicated by the KamLAND experiment to obtain
upper bounds on the solar electron antineutrino flux. We get
at 95% CL. For 90% CL this becomes
, an improvement by a factor of 3-5
with respect to existing bounds. These limits are independent of the detailed
structure of the magnetic field in the solar interior. We also derive upper
bounds on the peak field value which are uniquely determined for a fixed solar
field profile. In the most efficient antineutrino producing case, we get (95%
CL) an upper limit on the product of the neutrino magnetic moment by the solar
field MeV or for
.Comment: 15 pages. References corrected. Minor changes in the tex
KamLAND Bounds on Solar Antineutrinos and neutrino transition magnetic moments
We investigate the possibility of detecting solar electron antineutrinos with
the KamLAND experiment. These electron antineutrinos are predicted by
spin-flavor oscillations at a significant rate even if this mechanism is not
the leading solution to the SNP. KamLAND is sensitive to antineutrinos
originated from solar B neutrinos. From KamLAND negative results after
145 days of data taking, we obtain model independent limits on the total flux
of solar electron antineutrinos $\Phi({}^8 B)< 1.1-3.5\times 10^4 cm^{-2}\
s^{-1}P<0.15%\mu B< 2.3\times 10^{-21}(\Delta m^2, \tan^2\theta)\mu\lsim 3.9\times 10^{-12} \mu_BB= 50\mu\lsim 9.0\times 10^{-13} \mu_BB= 200\mu\lsim 2.0\times 10^{-13} \mu_BB= 1000$ kG at the same
statistical significance.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure
Neutrino transition magnetic moments and the solar magnetic field on the light of the Kamland evidence
We present here a recopilation of recent results about the possibility of
detecting solar electron antineutrinos produced by solar core and convective
magnetic fields. These antineutrinos are predicted by spin-flavor oscillations
at a significant rate even if this mechanism is not the leading solution to the
SNP. Using the recent Kamland results and assuming a concrete model for
antineutrino production by spin-flavor precession in the convective zone based
on chaotic magnetic fields,we obtain bounds on the flux of solar antineutrinos,
on the average conversion neutrino-antineutrino probability and on intrinsic
neutrino magnetic moment. In the most conservative case, \mu\lsim 2.5\times
10^{-11} \mu_B (95% CL). When studying the effects of a core magnetic field,
we find in the weak limit a scaling of the antineutrino probability with
respect to the magnetic field profile in the sense that the same probability
function can be reproduced by any profile with a suitable peak field value. In
this way the solar electron antineutrino spectrum can be unambiguosly
predicted. We use this scaling and the negative results indicated by the
KamLAND experiment to obtain upper bounds on the solar electron antineutrino
flux. We find that, for a wide family of magnetic field profiles in the sun
interior, the antineutrino appearance probability is largely determined by the
magnetic field intensity but not by its shape. Explicit limits on neutrino
transition moments are also obtained consistent with the convective case. These
limits are therefore largerly independent of the detailed structure of the
magnetic field in the solar interior.Comment: Expanded version of a presentation contributed to `` 8th
International Workshop On Topics In Astroparticle And Underground Physics
(TAUP 2003)'
Two Gallium data sets, spin flavour precession and KamLAND
We reexamine the possibility of a time modulation of the low energy solar
neutrino flux which is suggested by the average decrease of the Ga data in line
with our previous arguments. We perform two separate fits to the solar neutrino
data, one corresponding to 'high' and the other to 'low' Ga data, associated
with low and high solar activity respectively. We therefore consider an
alternative to the conventional solar+KamLAND fitting, which allows one to
explore the much wider range of the angle permitted by the
KamLAND fitting alone. We find a solution with parameters in which the 'high' and
the 'low' Ga rates lie far apart and are close to their central values and is
of comparable quality to the global best fit, where these rates lie much closer
to each other. This is an indication that the best fit in which all solar and
KamLAND data are used is not a good measure of the separation of the two Ga
data sets, as the information from the low energy neutrino modulation is
dissimulated in the wealth of data. Furthermore for the parameter set proposed
one obtains an equally good fit to the KamLAND energy spectrum and an even
better fit than the 'conventional' LMA one for the reactor antineutrino
survival probability as measured by KamLAND.Comment: V2: 15 pages, 3 eps figures, fit improved, final version to appear in
Journal of Physics
A Game-Theory method to design job rotation schedules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders Based on workers preferences and competencies
[EN] Job rotation is an organizational strategy based on the systematic exchange of workers between jobs in a planned manner according to specific criteria. This study presents the GS-Rot method, a method based on Game Theory, in order to design job rotation schedules by considering not only workers' job preferences, but also the competencies required for different jobs. With this approach, we promote workers' active participation in the design of the rotation plan. It also let us deal with restrictions in assigning workers to job positions according to their disabilities (temporal or permanent). The GS-Rot method has been implemented online and applied to a case in a work environment characterized by the presence of a high repetition of movements, which is a significant risk factor associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). A total of 17 workstations and 17 workers were involved in the rotation, four of them with physical/psychological limitations. Feasible job rotation schedules were obtained in a short time (average time 27.4 milliseconds). The results indicate that in the rotations driven by preference priorities, almost all the workers (94.11%) were assigned to one of their top five preferences. Likewise, 48.52% of job positions were assigned to workers in their top five of their competence lists. When jobs were assigned according to competence, 58.82% of workers got an assignment among their top five competence lists. Furthermore, 55.87% of the workers achieved jobs in their top five preferences. In both rotation scenarios, the workers varied performed jobs, and fatigue accumulation was balanced among them. The GS-Rot method achieved feasible and uniform solutions regarding the workers' exposure to job repetitiveness.This research was funded by the Erasmus+ program of the European Commission under Grant 2017-1-ES01-KA203-038589 in the frame of the project CoSki21-Core Skills for 21th-century professionals.Asensio-Cuesta, S.; Garcia-Gomez, JM.; Poza-Lujan, J.; Conejero, JA. (2019). A Game-Theory method to design job rotation schedules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders Based on workers preferences and competencies. International Journal of Environmental research and Public Health. 16(23):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234666S1161623Aptel, M., Cail, F., Gerling, A., & Louis, O. (2008). Proposal of parameters to implement a workstation rotation system to protect against MSDs. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(11-12), 900-909. doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2008.02.006Jeon, I. S., Jeong, B. Y., & Jeong, J. H. (2016). Preferred 11 different job rotation types in automotive company and their effects on productivity, quality and musculoskeletal disorders: comparison between subjective and actual scores by workers’ age. Ergonomics, 59(10), 1318-1326. doi:10.1080/00140139.2016.1140816Botti, L., Mora, C., & Calzavara, M. (2017). Design of job rotation schedules managing the exposure to age-related risk factors. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 50(1), 13993-13997. doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.2420Sixth European Working Conditions Survey-6th EWCS-Spainhttps://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys/sixth-european-working-conditions-survey-2015/ewcs-2015-methodologyAsensio-Cuesta, S., Diego-Mas, J. A., Canós-Darós, L., & Andrés-Romano, C. (2011). A genetic algorithm for the design of job rotation schedules considering ergonomic and competence criteria. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 60(9-12), 1161-1174. doi:10.1007/s00170-011-3672-0Yoon, S.-Y., Ko, J., & Jung, M.-C. (2016). A model for developing job rotation schedules that eliminate sequential high workloads and minimize between-worker variability in cumulative daily workloads: Application to automotive assembly lines. Applied Ergonomics, 55, 8-15. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2016.01.011Otto, A., & Scholl, A. (2012). Reducing ergonomic risks by job rotation scheduling. OR Spectrum, 35(3), 711-733. doi:10.1007/s00291-012-0291-6Carnahan, B. J., Redfern, M. S., & Norman, B. (2000). Designing safe job rotation schedules using optimization and heuristic search. Ergonomics, 43(4), 543-560. doi:10.1080/001401300184404Song, J., Lee, C., Lee, W., Bahn, S., Jung, C., & Yun, M. H. (2016). Development of a job rotation scheduling algorithm for minimizing accumulated work load per body parts. Work, 53(3), 511-521. doi:10.3233/wor-152232Boenzi, F., Digiesi, S., Facchini, F., & Mummolo, G. (2016). Ergonomic improvement through job rotations in repetitive manual tasks in case of limited specialization and differentiated ergonomic requirements. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49(12), 1667-1672. doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.820Sana, S. S., Ospina-Mateus, H., Arrieta, F. G., & Chedid, J. A. (2018). Application of genetic algorithm to job scheduling under ergonomic constraints in manufacturing industry. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 10(5), 2063-2090. doi:10.1007/s12652-018-0814-3Burgess-Limerick, R. (2018). Participatory ergonomics: Evidence and implementation lessons. Applied Ergonomics, 68, 289-293. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2017.12.009Bhuiyan, B. A. (2018). An Overview of Game Theory and Some Applications. Philosophy and Progress, 111-128. doi:10.3329/pp.v59i1-2.36683Gale, D., & Shapley, L. S. (1962). College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage. The American Mathematical Monthly, 69(1), 9-15. doi:10.1080/00029890.1962.11989827Roth, A. E. (2008). What Have We Learned from Market Design? The Economic Journal, 118(527), 285-310. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02121.xRoth, A. E., & Sotomayor, M. (1992). Chapter 16 Two-sided matching. Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications, 485-541. doi:10.1016/s1574-0005(05)80019-0Renna, P. (2017). Decision-making method of reconfigurable manufacturing systems’ reconfiguration by a Gale-Shapley model. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 45, 149-158. doi:10.1016/j.jmsy.2017.09.005Butkovič, P., & Lewis, S. (2007). On the job rotation problem. Discrete Optimization, 4(2), 163-174. doi:10.1016/j.disopt.2006.11.00
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