Auditory-visual Relationship Learning by Exclusion Trials

O responder por exclusão é um fenômeno extremamente robusto e previsível, o que indica que tentativas de exclusão podem constituir importante tecnologia de ensino de novas relações por permitirem a aprendizagem sem erros. Não obstante, a literatura não esclarece o número de tentativas de exclusão necessário para a aprendizagem de relações auditivo-visuais. O presente estudo, conduzido com oito crianças com desenvolvimento típico e idades entre 5 e 9 anos, buscou investigar, a partir de um conjunto específico de procedimentos, o número de tentativas de exclusão necessário para a aprendizagem de relações auditivo-visuais. Os resultados de aprendizagem se concentraram no número mínimo de tentativas previsto pelo procedimento (duas), o que indica que os procedimentos utilizados podem constituir importante tecnologia de ensino.Responding by exclusion is an extremely robust and predictable phenomenon, what implies that exclusion trials might be an important teaching technology for allowing errorless learning. Nevertheless, literature does not clarify the number of exclusion trials needed for the learning of auditory-visual relations. The present study, conducted with eight children with typical development and ages between 5 and 9 years, investigated the number of exclusion trials needed for the learning of auditory-visual relations, using a particular set of procedures. The learning results concentrated in the minimum amount of trials allowed by the procedure (two), what means that this set of procedures might constitute an important teaching technology

Learning by exclusion in individuals with autism and Down syndrome

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the number of exclusion trials necessary for teaching auditory-visual relationships to individuals with autism and Down syndrome. Study participants were seven individuals with autism and a history of early behavioral intervention (EI), four adults with autism without a history of early behavioral intervention (NI), and three adults with Down syndrome. A set of procedures was used for teaching the auditory-visual matching to sample, and naming responses of the new stimuli were tested. For the individuals with autism and EI and for the individuals with Down syndrome, the required number of repetitions was stable and concentrated in the minimum programmed by the procedure (two repetitions). However, the procedure was not effective for teaching new conditional relationships for the adults with autism and NI. The results indicate that the procedure can constitute an important teaching technology; however, its efficacy appears to vary depending on the educational profile of the participant