Raw reads

Raw read

Control region haplotype networks for all species.

<p>Minimum spanning networks showing CR haplotype relationships for A) <i>Halichoeres claudia</i>, B) <i>H. trimaculatus</i>, C) <i>H. margaritaceus</i>. <i>H. ornatissimus</i> is not shown. Perpendicular bars and open squares represent single mutational steps between haplotypes, while closed squares represent 10 mutational steps.</p

Data_Sheet_1_SubCAS: A Portable, Submersible Hyperbaric Chamber to Collect Living Mesophotic Fishes.docx

<p>Accompanying the recent technological innovations in remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), submersibles, technical SCUBA, and closed-circuit rebreather diving gear, new discoveries are being made on mesophotic coral ecosystems around the world. However, collecting live fishes from mesophotic depths (60–150 m) is challenging, given the difficulty of accessing the habitat, catching the fishes, and the barotrauma that can result from rapid decompression during their transport to the surface. Here, we designed and tested the performance of a portable, submersible hyperbaric chamber, the SubCAS, which we used to safely surface reef fishes from mesophotic depths. During six expeditions between 2014 and 2017 to the Philippines, Vanuatu, Palau and Pohnpei, we assessed the survival of 174 fishes caught between 60 and 150 m depth and decompressed using this chamber. A total of 155 (89.1%) fishes survived decompression, and 143 of 148 specimens shipped (96.6%) survived air cargo transport from remote field sites to the Steinhart Aquarium at the California Academy of Sciences. Survival was significantly related to taxonomic family, with Pomacentridae and Apogonidae showing the highest mortality. Collection depth, fish body size, and length of decompression had no relation to survivorship. Significant interactions between individual decompression events and both fish body size and taxonomic family indicate that low survival was associated with specific SubCAS trials. The SubCAS has allowed us to reliably surface charismatic fishes previously unknown to science and maintain them in aquaria for research and public engagement purposes. This opportunity facilitates a direct connection between our more than one million annual visitors and the wonders of exploration and the science of mesophotic coral ecosystems.</p

Summary statistics for lagoon species.

<p>Summary statistics for lagoon species based on sample location. Control region values are in bold, and follow CO1 values. Number of individuals (N), number of haplotypes (N_h), haplotype diversity (h), nucleotide diversity (π), and Fu’s F statistic are given for each location sampled.</p

Sanger sequences

Alignments for the Sanger sequences of mitochondrial markers COI, CytB and CR, and nuclear markers TMO and RAG2. The names of the individuals include the respective collection sites. The abbreviation Hmacu corresponds to Haemulon maculicauda, and Hflav to Haemulon flaviguttatum

Haplotype diversities for each of four <i>Halichoeres</i> species.

<p>Haplotype diversities for each of four <i>Halichoeres</i> species with error bars. CO1 (dark grey) indicates diversities for the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 fragment, CR (light grey) indicates diversities for the control region fragment.</p

Input file for Migrate-n

This text file contains the sequences that were used for the analysis of migration presented in the manuscript, which were performed with Migrate-n. Sequences of both species were separated, but there was no distinction made by collection site

Summary statistics for slope species.

<p>Summary statistics for slope species based on sample location. Control region values are in bold, and follow CO1 values. Number of individuals (N), number of haplotypes (N_h), haplotype diversity (h), nucleotide diversity (π), and Fu’s F statistic are given for each location sampled. FFS  =  French Frigate Shoals.</p

Simulated mismatch distributions for each species and molecular marker.

<p>Observed mismatch distributions are represented by the bar graphs, while the curve represents the simulated distribution. P-values are reported for each marker. A) <i>Halichoeres claudia</i>, B) <i>H. ornatissimus</i>, C) <i>H. trimaculatus</i>, D) <i>H. margaritaceus</i>.</p

Population pairwise Φ_ST values for <i>H. margaritaceus.</i>

<p>Pairwise Φ_ST values for <i>H. margaritaceus</i> based on sampling location. Values for CO1 are given below the diagonal, while CR values are reported above.</p>*<p>significant at <i>P</i> = 0.05.</p