An Olive-Derived Extract 20% Rich in Hydroxytyrosol Prevents beta-Amyloid Aggregation and Oxidative Stress, Two Features of Alzheimer Disease, via SKN-1/NRF2 and HSP-16.2 in Caenorhabditis elegans

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support of FEDER/Junta de AndaluciaConsejeria de Economia y Conocimiento, Grant B-AGR-193-UGR18. Also grant PID2019-106778RBI00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 FEDER "Una manera de hacer Europa".Olive milling produces olive oil and different by-products, all of them very rich in different bioactive compounds like the phenolic alcohol hydroxytyrosol. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an olive fruit extract 20% rich in hydroxytyrosol on the molecular mechanisms associated with Alzheimer disease features like A beta- and tau- induced toxicity, as well as on oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, characterization of the extracts, regarding the profile and content of phenolics, as well as total antioxidant ability, was investigated. The study of lethality, growth, pharyngeal pumping, and longevity in vivo demonstrated the lack of toxicity of the extract. One hundred mu g/mL of extract treatment revealed prevention of oxidative stress and a delay in A beta-induced paralysis related with a lower presence of A beta aggregates. Indeed, the extract showed the ability to avoid a certain degree of proteotoxicity associated with aggregation of the tau protein. According to RNAi tests, SKN-1/NRF2 transcription factor and the overexpression of HSP-16.2 were mechanistically associated in the observed effects.FEDER/Junta de AndaluciaConsejeria de Economia y Conocimiento B-AGR-193-UGR18 PID2019-106778RBI00 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103

Códigos gráficos entre la figuración y la abstracción. Innovación e investigación docente en E.G.A. dentro del E.E.E.S.

El artículo presenta algunos de los aspectos investigados en el seno de la Red “Codificación gráfica en los dibujos de ideación y abstracción arquitectónica, y en el uso de nuevas tecnologías” del curso académico 2013-2014 que se habían planteado al constituir la misma y que suponen una cierta continuidad con las ediciones anteriores del Proyecto Redes que ha venido desarrollando un grupo de profesores en el Área de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica (E.G.A.) en el Grado en Arquitectura de la U.A. dentro del contexto del E.E.E.S. Así se decidió centrar las investigaciones en torno al tema de los códigos gráficos pero en esta ocasión circunscrito al ámbito de las asignaturas de Análisis e Ideación Gráfica. En paralelo a esta iniciativa, en nuestra red veníamos planteando desde hacía algunos años la posibilidad de incluir a profesores de otras universidades que por su conocimiento en el ámbito de la investigación en los temas a abordar pudieran contribuir a enriquecer el debate en el seno de la misma. Así, con el cambio de normativa en esta edición del Proyecto Redes hemos podido contar con los doctores Javier Raposo Grau, de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, y Joel Olivares Ruiz, de la Universidad Gestalt de Diseño de Méjico, quienes han contribuido a las labores de la red. Hay al menos tres publicaciones presentadas a las XII Jornadas de Redes de Investigación en Docencia de la UA desarrolladas por profesores de la Red (Raposo 2014*, Marcos, Olivares, 2014*, Pablo Juan 2014*). La primera de ellas versa monográficamente acerca de los planteamientos docentes de las asignaturas de Dibujo, Análisis e Ideación 1 y 2 de la U.P.M.; las dos últimas se refieren, por un lado a las leyes de la Gestalt y a los códigos gráficos y, por otro, a la enseñanza de lo gráfico con herramientas digitales. Se ha decidido centrar, por ello, el discurso de esta investigación en el tema de los códigos gráficos en las asignaturas de Análisis e Ideación Gráfica 1 y 2 de la U.A. que pivotan entre la figuración y la abstracción

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Romina) methanolic extract attenuates Alzheimer’s beta amyloid production and oxidative stress by SKN-1/NRF and DAF-16/FOXO mediated mechanisms in C. elegans

Maria D. Navarro-Hortal and Jose M. Romero-Marquez are FPU fellows from the Spanish Ministry of Educacion y Formacion Profesional. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA.Bioactive compounds from strawberries have been associated with multiple healthy benefits. The present study aimed to assess chemical characterization of a methanolic extract of the Romina strawberry variety in terms of antioxidant capacity, polyphenols profile and chemical elements content. Additionally, potential toxicity, the effect on amyloid-β production and oxidative stress of the extract was in vivo evaluated in the experimental model Caenorhabditis elegans. Results revealed an important content in phenolic compounds (mainly ellagic acid and pelargonidin-3-glucoside) and minerals (K, Mg, P and Ca). The treatment with 100, 500 or 1000 μg/mL of strawberry extract did not show toxicity. On the contrary, the extract was able to delay amyloid β-protein induced paralysis, reduced amyloid-β aggregation and prevented oxidative stress. The potential molecular mechanisms present behind the observed results explored by RNAi technology revealed that DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF2 signaling pathways were, at least partially, involved.Universidad de Granada/CBU

Anti-inflammatory activities of Italian Chestnut and Eucalyptus honeys on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernandez is supported by a "Juan de la CiervaFormacion" post-doctoral contract. APROCAL provided the honeys used in this study. A grant from Regione Calabria and APROCAL supported the study.The aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time the anti-inflammatory effects of chestnut (Castanea sativa) and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus occidentalis) honeys collected in Italy on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages stressed with the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pre-treatment with the two honeys markedly decreased apoptosis and stimulated wound healing in macrophages stressed with LPS, where they also reduced the intracellular levels of ROS and nitrite. Additionally, treatment with LPS decreased the levels of glutathione and suppressed the antioxidant enzyme activities, which were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the presence of the two honeys, through the modulation of Nrf2 expression; in LPS-stressed macrophages, Chestnut or Eucalyptus honeys protected against inflammation by regulating the main inflammatory biomarkers, including TNF-alpha, IL-10 and iNOS, through the decrease of NF-KB expression. Finally, they improved mitochondrial respiration and the main related parameters.Juan de la CiervaFormacion" post-doctoral contractRegione Calabri

In Vivo Anti-Alzheimer and Antioxidant Properties of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Honey from Southern Spain

There is growing evidence that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be prevented by reducing risk factors involved in its pathophysiology. Food-derived bioactive molecules can help in the prevention and reduction of the progression of AD. Honey, a good source of antioxidants and bioactive molecules, has been tied to many health benefits, including those from neurological origin. Monofloral avocado honey (AH) has recently been characterized but its biomedical properties are still unknown. The aim of this study is to further its characterization, focusing on the phenolic profile. Moreover, its antioxidant capacity was assayed both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, a deep analysis on the pathophysiological features of AD such as oxidative stress, amyloid- aggregation, and protein-tau-induced neurotoxicity were evaluated by using the experimental model C. elegans. AH exerted a high antioxidant capacity in vitro and in vivo. No toxicity was found in C. elegans at the dosages used. AH prevented ROS accumulation under AAPH-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, AH exerted a great anti-amyloidogenic capacity, which is relevant from the point of view of AD prevention. AH exacerbated the locomotive impairment in a C. elegans model of tauopathy, although the real contribution of AH remains unclear. The mechanisms under the observed effects might be attributed to an upregulation of daf-16 as well as to a strong ROS scavenging activity. These results increase the interest to study the biomedical applications of AH; however, more research is needed to deepen the mechanisms under the observed effects.FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento B-AGR-193-UGR1

An oleuropein rich-olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extract reduces β-amyloid and tau proteotoxicity through regulation of oxidative- and heat shock-stress responses in Caenorhabditis elegans

Olive tree-derived products have been associated with numerous benefits for health. The aim of the present study was to characterize an olive leaf extract enriched in oleuropein (OLE) concerning phenolic content and profile as well as antioxidant capacity. Short-term and long-term toxicity, including oxidative stress, was in vivo evaluated in the experimental model Caenorhabditis elegans. Moreover, the potential therapeutic effect of the extract against Aβ induced- and tau protein induced-toxicity was also evaluated in C. elegans. OLE treatment did not exert toxicity. On the contrary, the extract was able to ameliorate oxidative stress and proteotoxicity related to Aβ and tau aggregation. The potential molecular mechanisms present behind the observed results explored by RNAi technology revealed that DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF2, elements of the insulin insulin-like signalling pathway, as well as HSP-16.2 overexpression were involved.FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento B-AGR-193-UGR18MCIN/AEI/FEDER "Una manera de hacer Europa" PID2019-106778RB-I0