Impact of endovascular surgery upon standard arterial surgery

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of endovascular surgery (EVS) upon a standard vascular surgical service. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all vascular procedures of the last 11 years, the annual number of arterial procedures, the fellows surgical volume as well as the percentage of patients referred to radiology between 1999 (implantation of EVS) and 2003, and the surgical volume of surgeons able to perform both operation and those who perform only standard surgery (SS). RESULTS: An initial decrease in the number of arterial procedures was observed, but recovered after EVS implantation. The percentage of EVS increased from 3.6% in 1999 to 25% in 2003 (p<0.05). There was no decrease in the number of fellows performing SS, yet an increase in their annual number of EVS was observed (2.6 in 1999 and 20 in 2003). All procedures were referred to radiology before 1999 versus none in 2003. Surgeons that perform both operations had an increase in their surgical volume compared to surgeons that perform only SS (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Without implantation of EVS a decrease of vascular procedures can occur. On the other hand, EVS can lead to a recovery of surgical volume, including an increase in the SS. There was no decrease in the fellows volume of SS, but a improvement in EVS training. Referral of patients to other services can be diminished with EVS implantation. Surgeons that perform both operations have a progressive increase in their volume when compared to those who perform only SS.OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da implantação da cirurgia endovascular (CEV) em um serviço de cirurgia vascular convencional (CVC). MÉTODO: Análise retrospectiva dos procedimentos vasculares nos últimos 11 anos, dos procedimentos arteriais, anuais e por residente, entre 1999 (implantação da CEV) e 2003, e das cirurgias com cirurgiões endovasculares e convencionais e por cirurgiões convencionais apenas. Foi também avaliado o percentual de encaminhamentos das CEV a serviço intervencionista. RESULTADOS: Houve uma queda inicial no número de procedimentos arteriais que foi recuperada após a implantação do serviço de CEV. O percentual das CEV no número total de cirurgias arteriais passou de 3,6% em 1999 para 25% em 2003 (p<0,05). Não houve queda no número de cirurgias convencionais realizadas pelos residentes, mas houve um aumento no número de CEV por residente por ano de 2,6 em 1999 para 20 em 2003. Todas as CEV foram realizadas no nosso próprio serviço em 2003. Houve um aumento do número de cirurgiões que operam por via endovascular e convencional em relação aos que operam apenas por via aberta (p<0.05). CONCLUSÕES: Sem implantação da CEV parece cair o volume de procedimentos globais, mas se mantida dentro do serviço, a CEV pode levar à recuperação, inclusive com aumento das CVC. Não houve prejuízo para o treinamento dos residentes em relação à CVC, e sim a melhora do treinamento em CEV. A implantação da CEV gera um decréscimo no encaminhamento de pacientes. O cirurgião vascular e endovascular têm um volume progressivamente maior comparado com aqueles com treinamento apenas em CVC.2

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others