Dynamics of planar interface growth during directional solidification of alloys

The dynamics of plane front growth during directional solidification is investigated in a well-characterized system of succinonitrile-acetone, and the results show significant deviations from the predictions of existing models. This discrepancy is shown to arise from the assumption of solidification from one end in the theories that ignore the presence of an initial solute boundary layer generally present in experiments. A numerical model that relaxes this assumption is presented that gives excellent agreement with the experimental results.Fil: Fabietti, Luis Maria Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Mazumder, P.. No especifíca;Fil: Trivedi, R.. IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY (ISU)

Microstructure and hard magnetic properties in bulk rods of Nd 60Fe 30Al 10 glass forming alloys

The Nd60Fe30Al10 alloy exhibits a large glass forming ability which allows to obtain relatively thick cast rods containing large volume fractions of amorphous phases. In this work the microstructure and the hard magnetic properties of as-cast rods are characterized. The alloy is processed by suction casting into a chilled copper mould to obtain cylinders 5 mm diameter and 50 mm length. This diameter is selected because it is an upper limit for this processing route, beyond which the hard properties largely deteriorate. A room temperature coercivity of 0.34 T is obtained. The sample microstructure is heterogeneous, with very different size scales near the surface and along the central zone. However, in both regions a large fraction of an amorphous ferromagnetic phase is observed; it is found that paramagnetic nanocrystalline phases, mainly Nd or Nd-rich particles embedded in the amorphous matrix, are somewhat coarser in the central zone. These larger nanocrystals, less efficient to pin domain walls, are proposed to be responsible for the lower coercive fields observed, as compared with those found in cylinders 1 to 3 mm diameter where no inhomogeneities are found. This conclusion is supported by microstructure, calorimetric and magnetic observations.Fil: Levingston, J. M.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Valente, R.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche); Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Ghilarducci, Ada Albertina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche); Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Fabietti, Luis Maria Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física. Sección Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Salva, Horacio Ramon. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche); Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Urreta, S. E.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentin

Magnetic hysteresis in small-grained CoxPd1-x nanowire arrays

Co-Pd nanowires with small grain size are fabricated by AC electrodeposition into hexagonally ordered alumina pores, 20-35 nm in diameter and about 1 μm long. The effects of the alloy composition, the nanowire diameter and the grain size on the hysteresis properties are considered. X-ray diffraction indicates that the nanowires are single phase, a fcc Co-Pd solid solution; electron microscopy results show that they are polycrystalline, with randomly oriented grains (7-12 nm), smaller than the wire diameter. Nanowire arrays are ferromagnetic, with an easy magnetization axis parallel to the nanowire long axis. Both, the coercive field and the loop squareness monotonously increase with the Co content and with the grain size, but no clear correlation with the wire diameter is found. The Co and Co-rich nanowire arrays exhibit coercive fields and reduced remanence values quite insensitive to temperature in the range 4 K-300 K; on the contrary, in Pd-rich nanowires both magnitudes are smaller and they largely increase during cooling below 100 K. These behaviors are systematized by considering the strong dependences displayed by the magneto-crystalline anisotropy and the saturation magnetostriction on composition and temperature. At low temperatures the effective anisotropy value and the domain-wall width to grain size ratio drastically change, promoting less cooperative and harder nucleation modes.Fil: Viqueira, María Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Pozo Lopez, Gabriela del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Urreta, Silvia Elena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Condo, Adriana Maria. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Cornejo, Daniel Reinaldo. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Fabietti, Luis Maria Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentin

Cooperative nucleation modes in polycrystalline CoxPd1-x nanowires

Polycrystalline CoxPd1-x (x=1, 0.60, 0.45, 0.23, and 0.11) cylindrical nanowires (ø=18-35nm, about 1μm length) are produced by AC electrodeposition into hexagonally ordered alumina pores. Single-phase nanowires of an fcc Co-Pd solid solution, with randomly oriented equiaxed grains (7-12nm) are obtained; in all the cases, the grain size is smaller than the wire diameter. The coercive field and the reduced remanence of Co-rich nanowire arrays are hardly sensitive to temperature within the range varying from 4K to 300K. On the other hand, in Pd-rich nanowires both magnitudes are smaller and they largely increase when cooling below 100K. This behavior also depends on the mean grain size. These facts are systematized considering two main aspects: the non-trivial temperature and composition dependence of the crystalline anisotropy and the saturation magnetostriction in Co-Pd alloys; and a random anisotropy effect, which defines a nucleation localization length that may involve more than a single grain, and thus promotes more cooperative nucleation modes.Fil: Viqueira, María Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Pozo Lopez, Gabriela del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Urreta, Silvia Elena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Condo, Adriana Maria. Comision Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones no Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche). División Física de Metales; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Cornejo, Daniel Reinaldo. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Fabietti, Luis Maria Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentin

Very low potential electrodeposition of Sm-Co nanostructures in aqueous medium using hard templates

Arrays of SmCo nanowires (NW) and nanotubes (NT) with a diameter of 200 nm and different lengths are synthesized by electrodeposition into the nanopores of an alumina membrane. The potential applied during the synthesis largely determines the nanostructure morphology, its crystallinity and composition. Potentials investigated are between −0.8 V and −3.0 V; in the potential range between −0.8 V and 1.0 V, long and perfectly ordered nanowires are obtained with a composition close to that of the equilibrium Sm2Co17 phase in the binary alloy. For higher potentials, above −1 V, samples are nanotubes, 195 nm in external diameter and wall thickness of 30 nm with an equiatomical composition. Magnetic characterization reveals that all the nanostructures are soft ferromagnetic, with coercivity values below 60 mT. From the angular dependence of coercivity and the relative remanence it may concluded that in both, nanowires and nanotubes the magnetization reversal mechanism undergoes a transition from one at smaller angles, involving localized nucleation by curling, and further expansion of vortex-like domain walls. At higher angles, where the applied field is almost perpendicular to the NW/NT long axis, the mechanism changes to one involving nucleation by localized coherent rotation and further expansion of transverse Bloch-like walls.Fil: Herrera, Elisa Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Riva, Julieta Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pozo Lopez, Gabriela del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Condo, Adriana Mar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia D/area Invest y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (cab). Div.física Teórica; ArgentinaFil: Urreta, Silvia Elena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Fabietti, Luis Maria Rodolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentin

Microstructure and magnetic properties of as-cast Ni2MnGa rods and tubes solidified by suction casting

Ni2MnGa cylinders and tubes are solidified in water chilled copper molds, a few millimeters in external diameter and 5 cm long, by the suction casting technique. At room temperature, all samples are in cubic austenitic phase. Microstructure and crystallographic texture of the as-cast rods and tubes are characterized by XRD, SEM, EBSD and TEM. Because of the heat extraction geometry samples exhibit a strong texture, with the [100] direction preferentially oriented in the radial direction, together with a random distribution on the long axis. This texture is more marked in the tubes. XRD and TEM results indicate that the major austenitic phase is fcc, with L21 order. A minority volume of the equilibrium B2′ disordered phase is detected by the presence of two close Curie temperatures in cylinders and tubes 2 mm in external diameter, but not when this diameter is near 1 mm. Precipitates of the stable compounds α-Mn(S,Se), with a NaCl-type structure, and monoclinic P4S5 are observed in all the samples. Cylinders and tubes in austenitic phase are magnetically soft. Hysteresis loops in martensitic phase exhibit local steps associated to a magnetization mechanism involving twin boundary displacement, indicating that a field-induced variant reordering takes place. The switching field Hsw, corresponding to the magnetization step observed, is identified as the field at which twin boundaries become mobile. The measured values of 0.37 T–0.49 T are consistent with those corresponding to the onset of Type I twin boundaries displacement in 5 M martensite, with an equivalent threshold stress of 1 MP.Fil: Pozo Lopez, Gabriela del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Condo, Adriana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Comision Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones no Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche). División Física de Metales; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Limandri, Silvina Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Mutal, Ruben Hector. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Winkler, Elin Lilian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Comision Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones no Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche). División Resonancias Magnéticas; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Urreta, Silvia Elena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; ArgentinaFil: Fabietti, Luis Maria Rodolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentin

Interface stability and defect formation during crystal growth

Unidirectional solidification experiments have been carried out in organic crystals with the aim of improving our knowledge on the effects of constraints on the interface morphology and to increase our understanding of the growth of anisotropic materials. The experimental information shows that lateral constraints such as a sharp change in the cross-sectional area in the solid liquid interface path, can produce important changes in the microstructure if the interface morphology is planar, cellular or dendritic;The study of anisotropic materials cover several topics. It is first shown that slight anisotropy does not influence the dendrite tip selection criterion. This conclusion is obtained from the analysis of the relationship between tip radius and velocity for dendrites growing under the steady state condition for two different materials, CBr[subscript]4 and C[subscript]2Cl[subscript]6, which have different surface energy anisotropy values. The values of the dendrite operating parameters [sigma][superscript]* are compared with the predictions of the solvability theory and the morphological stability theory. The experiments show better agreement with the latter theory;Critical experiments have been designed and carried out to find the response functions which determine the composition and temperature of the interface as a function of velocity in faceted materials. The experiments, carried out in Napthalene-Camphor system, indicate a strong temperature dependence of the planar interface growth which can be correlated with the step growth mechanism. Experiments on the interface instability show an important dependence on the crystallographic orientation;Unidirectional solidification experiments in zone refined Napthalene confined in very thin cells (gap size ≤ 50[mu]m) have proven to be a good method to study the defect production at the solid liquid interface. Specifically, the photoelastic properties of Napthalene provides a visual examination of the stress configuration. The photoelastic fringes correlate with the stress produced at the interface during the solidification. A finite element model is proposed that assumes the stress to be due to an inhomogeneous concentration distribution in the solid near the interface;Unidirectional solidification experiments have been carried out with Tert Butyl Alcohol which indicate that the instability is similar to that for nonfaceted materials. A morphological transition which is similar to the cellular-dendritic transition in nonfaceted materials is identified;The analysis of the transient times in unidirectional solidification experiments, carried out in the Succinonitrile-Acetone, system, indicates that the presence of thermomigration and convection can produce important departures from the theoretical models which consider solute diffusion as the only mechanism present.</p

The effect of confinement on thermal convection and longitudinal macrosegregation in directionally solidified dilute succinonitrile–camphor alloy

International audienceDirectional solidification experiments were conducted in a succinonitrile–0.24 wt% camphor alloy with an emphasis on the planar front interface temperature dynamics using different sample thicknesses. The interface temperature was found to depend significantly on the thickness due to non-negligible convection effects in the thicker samples. The results were interpreted with the help of an order of magnitude analysis and a boundary layer model, which permitted estimation of the solute macrosegregation profile. The experiments and corresponding analyses performed in this work constitute an experimental characterization of convection effects as a function of sample thickness