1,659 research outputs found
Quantification of Lansoprazole in Oral Suspension by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Hybrid Ion-Trap Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
An LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to be used as a stability indicating assay for the study of a 3 mg/mL lansoprazole oral suspension. The method utilizes a UPLC (ultra-performance liquid chromatography) column and unique mass spectrometric detection (ion-trap time-of-flight (IT-TOF)) to achieve a sensitive (LOD 2 ng/mL), accurate, and reproducible quantification of lansoprazole. This method reports an intraday and interday coefficient of variation of 2.98 ± 2.17% (n = 5 for each concentration for each day) and 3.07 ± 0.89% (n = 20 for each concentration), respectively. Calibration curves (5–25 μg/mL) were found to be linear with an R2 value ranging from 0.9972 to 0.9991 on 4 different days. Accuracy of the assay, expressed as % error, ranged from 0.30 to 5.22%. This method is useful for monitoring the stability of lansoprazole in oral suspension
Feasibility study to characterize the production of antineutrons in high energy collisions through charge exchange interactions
Simulations to evaluate the feasibility of identification and
kinematic characterization via the hadronic charge exchange (CEX) interaction
are reported. The target neutrons are those
composing the silicon nuclei of which inner tracking devices present in LHC
experiments are made. Simulations of collisions in PYTHIA were carried out
at different energies to investigate production and the expected
energy spectra. Then, two types of GEANT4 simulations were performed,
placing an point source at the ALICE primary vertex as a working
example. In the first simulation, the was kept at an arbitrary (1 GeV)
fix value to develop an identification and kinematics reconstruction
protocol. The second GEANT4 simulation used the resulting PYTHIA at
TeV energy spectra. In both simulations, the
occurrence of CEX interactions was identified by the unique outgoing .
The simplified simulation allowed to estimate a 0.11% CEX-interaction
identification efficiency at GeV. The CEX-partner identification
is challenging because of the presence of silicon nucleus-fragmentation
protons. Momentum correlations between the and all possible
pairs showed that CEX-partner identification and
kinematics reconstruction corresponds to minimal momentum-loss events. The use
of ITS information is found to improve identification and
kinematic characterization in both simulations. The final protocol applied to
the realistic simulation resulted in a identification and kinematic
reconstruction efficiency of 0.006%, based solely on pair
observable. Thus, the expected rate of identified and kinematically
reconstructed should lie in the order of 100,000 per second,
illustrating the feasibility of the method.Comment: 6 pages, 11 figure
What Can Go Wrong When Everything is Right? Using Organizational Justice to Understand Police Misconduct and Improve Personnel Systems
Despite decades of attention paid to police reform, cases of office misconduct still continue to plague policing organizations. Assuming that organizations may still experience such officer malfeasance even when attempting to pursue best practices, we aim to explore how things can go wrong when everything else seems right. Specifically, we rely on trickle-down models of organizational justice, group engagement, and social identity to articulate how otherwise desirable organizational outcomes may produce detrimental outgroup biases. Based on our theoretical premise, we articulate specific changes that may be made to personnel systems that can avoid such officer misconduct in policing contexts
Stability of Extemporaneously Prepared Lansoprazole Suspension at Two Temperatures
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the stability of a generic lansoprazole product in a 3 mg/mL sodium bicarbonate suspension under room temperature and refrigerated conditions. METHODS Lansoprazole suspensions (3 mg/mL) were prepared in triplicate using an 8.4% sodium bicarbonate vehicle for each storage condition (room temperature and refrigerated). During 1 month, samples from each replicate were periodically removed and analyzed for lansoprazole concentration by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Each sample was spiked with 10 mg/L omeprazole to serve as the internal standard. A positive electrospray LC-MS/MS method was validated over the calibration range of 5 to 25 mg/L using Food and Drug Administration Guidance. The identities of the analyte and internal standard in the samples were verified by monitoring the MS/MS transitions of m/z 370 to m/z 252 and m/z 346 to m/z 198 for lansoprazole and omeprazole, respectively. Additionally, the pH of the suspensions was monitored throughout the study. RESULTS The stability of lansoprazole in the oral sodium bicarbonate suspension under refrigeration is compromised prior to what has been previously reported in the literature. Samples kept at room temperature lost \u3e10% of the lansoprazole after 48 hours compared with the refrigerated samples, which maintained integrity up to 7 days. No statistically significant difference was found between the pH of the room temperature and refrigerated suspension samples, indicating that this factor is not the cause for the differences in stability at these two conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the extemporaneously compounded lansoprazole oral suspension prepared in 8.4% sodium bicarbonate should not be stored in plastic oral syringes longer than 48 hours at room temperature and no longer than 7 days when refrigerated. These data indicate an expiration time earlier than that previously reported for the refrigerated product (14 days)
Exact monopole instantons and cosmological solutions in string theory from abelian dimensional reduction
We compute the exact string vacuum backgrounds corresponding to the
non-compact coset theory . The conformal field theory defined by
the level results in a five dimensional singular solution that
factorizes in an asymptotic region as the linear dilaton solution and a
model. It presents two abelian compact isometries that allow to reinterpreting
it from a four dimensional point of view as a stationary and magnetically
charged space-time resembling in some aspects the Kerr-Newman solution of
general relativity. The theory on the other hand describes a
cosmological solution that interpolates between a singular phase at short times
and a universe after some planckian times.Comment: 18 pages, section 5 replaced by 5 and 6, references added; to appear
in Phys. Rev.
Non-Abelian Monopole and Dyon Solutions in a Modified Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs System
We have studied a modified Yang-Mills-Higgs system coupled to Einstein
gravity. The modification of the Einstein-Hilbert action involves a direct
coupling of the Higgs field to the scalar curvature. In this modified system we
are able to write a Bogomol'nyi type condition in curved space and demonstrate
that the positive static energy functional is bounded from below. We then
investigate non-Abelian sperically symmetric static solutions in a similar
fashion to the `t Hooft-Polyakov monopole. After reviewing previously studied
monopole solutions of this type, we extend the formalism to included electric
charge and we present dyon solutions.Comment: 18 pages LaTeX, 7 eps-figure
Exploring the Impact of Galactic Interactions and Mergers on the Central Star Formation of APEX/EDGE-CALIFA Galaxies
Galactic interactions and subsequent mergers are a paramount channel for
galaxy evolution. In this work, we use the data from 236 star forming CALIFA
galaxies with integrated molecular gas observations in their central region
(approximately within an effective radius) -- from the APEX millimeter
telescope and the CARMA millimeter telescope array. This sample includes
isolated (126 galaxies) and interacting galaxies in different merging stages
(110 galaxies; from pairs, merging and post-merger galaxies). We show that the
impact of interactions and mergers in the center of galaxies is revealed as an
increase in the fraction of molecular gas (compared to isolated galaxies).
Furthermore, our results suggest that the change in star formation efficiency
is the main driver for both an enhancement and/or suppression of the central
star formation -- except in merging galaxies where the enhanced star formation
appears to be driven by an increase of molecular gas. We suggest that
gravitational torques due to the interaction and subsequent merger transport
cold molecular gas inwards, increasing the gas fraction without necessarily
increasing star formation.Comment: 3 Figures, 13 Pages. Accepted for publication in Ap
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