Dissolution of nucleons in giant nuclei

We discuss the possibility that nuclei with very large baryon numbers can exist in the form of large quark blobs in their ground states. A calculation based on the picture of quark bags shows that, in principle, the appearance of such exotic nuclear states in present laboratory experiments cannot be excluded. Some speculations in connection with the recently observed anomalous positron production in heavy-ion experiments are presented

Relativistic transport theory for N, Delta and N*(1440) system

A self-consistent relativistic Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck equation for the N (1440) resonance is developed based on an effective Lagrangian of baryons interacting through mesons. The equation is consistent with that of nucleon s and delta s which we derived before. Thus, we obtain a set of coupled equations for the N, Delta and N (1440) distribution functions. All the N (1440)-relevant in-medium two-body scattering cross sections within the N, Delta and N (1440) system are derived from the same effective Lagrangian in addition to the mean field and presented analytically. Medium effects on the cross sections are discussed

Relativistic quantum transport theory of hadronic matter : the coupled nucleon, Delta, and pion system

We derive the relativistic quantum transport equation for the pion distribution function based on an effective Lagrangian of the QHD-II model. The closed-time-path Green s function technique and the semiclassical, quasiparticle, and Born approximations are employed in the derivation. Both the mean field and collision term are derived from the same Lagrangian and presented analytically. The dynamical equation for the pions is consistent with that for the nucleons and Delta's which we developed before. Thus, we obtain a relativistic transport model which describes the hadronic matter with N,Delta, and pi degrees of freedom simultaneously. Within this approach, we investigate the medium effects on the pion dispersion relation as well as the pion absorption and pion production channels in cold nuclear matter. In contrast to the results of the nonrelativistic model, the pion dispersion relation becomes harder at low momenta and softer at high momenta as compared to the free one, which is mainly caused by the relativistic kinetics. The theoretically predicted free piN->Delta cross section is in agreement with the experimental data. Medium effects on the piN->Delta cross section and momentum-dependent Delta-decay width are shown to be substantial. PACS-numbers: 24.10.Jv, 13.75.Cs, 21.65.1f, 25.75.2

Self-consistent relativistic quantum transport theory of hadronic matter : the coupled nucleon, delta and pion system

We derive the self-consistent relativistic quantum transport equation for the pion distribution function based on an effective Lagrangian of the QHD-II model. The closed time-path Green's function technique, the semi-classical, quasi-particle and Born approximation are employed in the derivation. Both the mean field and collision term are derived from the same Lagrangian and presented analytically. The dynamical equation for the pions is consistent with that for the nucleons and deltas which we developed before. Thus, we obtain a self-consistent relativistic transport model which describes the hadronic matter with N, Delta and pi degrees of freedom simultaneously. Within this approach, we investigate the medium effects on the pion dispersion relation as well as the pion absorption and pion production channels in cold nuclear matter. In contrast to the results of the non-relativistic model, the pion dispersion relation becomes harder at low momenta and softer at high momenta as compared to the free one. The theoretically predicted free pi N to Delta cross section is in agreement with the experimental data. Medium effects on the pi N to Delta cross section and momentum-dependent Delta-decay width are shown to be substantial

Influence of Georg Simmel Upon American Sociology

Contrary to the opinion of both German and American sociologists, says William J. Goode, American sociology had little influence upon German sociology and German sociology had no influence whatsoever upon American sociology . It seems that William J. Goode postulates an opinion rather than a conclusion to research on the subject of influences of German sociological thought upon American sociology. Even a cursory examination of the recent editions of sociology textbooks reveals an increasing number of references to the writings of such German scientists as Max Weber, Ferdinand Toennies, and Georg Simmel. But if German scholars have made important contributions to the social sciences in general and to sociology specifically, it is not so much to the credit of Germany but to the credit of outstanding men who, by their abilities and scholastic efforts, have gained recognition beyond national boarders. Thus the question of influence along the line of nationalities is futile and tends to produce ethnocentric opinions rather than objective appraisals of the contributions to scientific knowledge of outstanding men. It is the purpose of this thesis to trace and to determine the influence of Georg Simmel, a German sociologist, upon American sociology. The problem was approached by library research. The following study procedure was employed. What is presented here as a successive, point after point program, was in reality a constantly overlapping process

A simulation model for the interaction between the age structure of the population and economic growth

M.S.Joseph Kro

Relativistic transport theory of N, Delta and N* (1440) interacting through sigma, omega and pi mesons.

A self-consistent relativistic integral-di erential equation of the Boltzmann- Uehling-Uhlenbeck-type for the N*(1440) resonance is developed based on an effective Lagrangian of baryons interacting through mesons. The closed time-path Green s function technique and semi-classical, quasi-particle and Born approxima- tions are employed in the derivation. The non-equilibrium RBUU-type equation for the N*(1440) is consistent with that of nucleon s and delta s which we derived before. Thus, we obtain a set of coupled equations for the N,Delta and N*(1440) distribution functions. All the N (1440)-relevant in-medium two-body scattering cross sections within the N,Delta and N*(1440) system are derived from the same effective Lagrangian in addition to the mean field and presented analytically, which can be directly used in the study of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The theoreticalprediction of the free pp - pp* (1440) cross section is in good agreement with the experimental data. We calculate the in-medium N+N - N+N* , N* +N - N+N and N*+N - N* +N cross sections in cold nuclear matter up to twice the nuclear matter density. The influence of different choices of the N* N* coupling strengths, which can not be obtained through fitting certain experimental data, are discussed. The results show that the density dependence of predicted in-medium cross sections are sensitive to the N* N* coupling strengths used. An evident density dependence will appear when a large scalar coupling strength of g^(sigma) N*N* is assumed. PACS number(s): 24.10.Cn; 25.70.-z; 21.65.+

XDJ1, a gene encoding a novel non-essential DnaJ homologue from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The gene encoding a novel DnaJ-like protein, termed Xdj1, has been identified by amplification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomic DNA. An open reading frame of 1380 bp was detected. Disruption of XDJ1 did not yield any detectable new phenotype. A double-deletion strain containing a disruption of both XDJ1 and YDJ1, another gene coding for a DnaJ-like protein, was still viable. Under a variety of growth conditions, no XDJ1 transcripts could be detected by Northern blot analysis and no translation product was found by immunoblotting with antibody against Xdj1 produced in Escherichia coli. Thus, XDJ1 is either expressed only under very specific conditions or represents a silent gene

Precipitation studies of Pb in single crystal PbTe

A study of the kinetics of precipitation of excess Pb in PbTe was made by the use of Hall measurements. The objective was to find how excess Pb precipitated

Microscopic colored quark dynamics in the soft nonperturbative regime : description of hadron formation in relativistic S+Au collisions at CERN

The quark-molecular-dynamics model is used to study microscopically the dynamics of the coloured quark phase and the subsequent hadron formation in relativistic S+Au collisions at the CERN-SPS. Particle spectra and hadron ratios are compared to both data and the results of hadronic transport calculations. The non-equilibrium dynamics of hadronization and the loss of correlation among quarks are studied