5 research outputs found
Autologous chondrocyte implantation to repair knee cartilage injury : ultrastructural evaluation at 2 years and long term follow up including muscle strength measurements
Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI)
usually results in improvement in clinical scores. However,
long-term isokinetic muscle strength measurements have
not been reported. Biopsies from the repair tissue have
shown variable proportions of hyaline-like cartilage. In this
study, 21 consecutive patients were treated with autologous
cartilage implantations in the knee. Mean size of the lesions
was 5.5 cm2. Follow-up arthroscopy with biopsy was performed
at 2 years in 19 patients. The biopsies were examined
with both light microscopy and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) techniques including immunogold
analysis of collagen type 1. Patient function was evaluated
with modified 10-point scales of the Cincinnati knee rating
system obtained preoperatively and at 1 and 8.1 years.
Isokinetic quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength testing
was performed at 1, 2 and 7.4 years. Light microscopy
and TEM both showed predominately fibrous cartilage. The
immunogold analysis showed a high percentage of collagen
type I. At 7.4 years, the total work deficits when compared
with the contra-lateral leg for isokinetic extension were 19.1
and 11.4%, and for isokinetic flexion 11.8 and 8.5% for 60
and 2408/s, respectively. Mean pain score improved from
4.3 preoperatively to 6.3 at 1 year (p = 0.031) and 6.6 at
8.1 years (p = 0.013). Overall health condition score
improved from 4.1 preoperatively to 6.1 at 1 year
(p = 0.004) and 6.5 at 8.1 years (p = 0.008). Three
patients later went through revision surgery with other
resurfacing techniques and are considered failures. In
summary, the formation of fibrous cartilage following ACI
was confirmed by TEM with immunogold histochemistry.
Although the functional scores were generally good,
strength measurements demonstrated that the surgically
treated leg remained significantly weaker
Choice of immunoassay to evaluate porcine cytokine levels
Background
In order to adequately monitor cytokines in experimental models, currently available methods and commercially available kits should be compared.
Aim
To compare the plasma and tissue concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF as a measure of systemic inflammation in septic pigs.
Methods
Cytokines were quantified from blood and tissue samples obtained at 0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min, and in postmortem biopsies of the liver, kidney, lung, heart, and spleen from 26 anesthetized landrace pigs. (24 with experimental sepsis, two sham controls). Porcine-specific ELISAs (R&D) and multiplex (9-plex from Thermo Fischer, 13-plex from Millipore) immunoassays were compared.
Results
The assays differed for the different cytokines and between blood and tissue. In blood, the highest concentration of TNF and IL-6 was in ELISA, IL-1β equal in ELISA and 13-plex, IL-8 in 13-plex and IL-10 in 9-plex. In tissue, the highest concentration of TNF and IL-1β was in ELISA, IL-6 and IL-8 in 13-plex and IL-10 in 9-plex.
Conclusion
The choice of analysis impacts the quantified cytokine responses in porcine models. ELISA and multiplex techniques supplement each other and our data suggest which assays to use for the quantification of the different cytokines
Demographics and injuries associated with knee dislocation: A prospective review of 303 patients
Background: Information on the incidence, injury mechanisms, ligament injury patterns, and associated injuries of knee dislocations is lacking in the literature. There is a need to characterize ligament injury patterns and associated injuries in knee dislocations to avoid missing common associated diagnoses and to plan surgical treatment. Purpose: To evaluate patient demographics, ligament injury patterns and associated injury patterns, and associated injuries in patients with knee dislocation. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 303 patients with knee dislocations treated at a single level 1 trauma center were followed prospectively. Injury mechanism; ligament injury patterns; associated neurovascular, meniscal, and cartilage injuries; and surgical complications were recorded. The Schenck knee dislocation classification was used to classify the ligament injury patterns. Results: The mean age at injury was 37.8 ± 15.3 years. Of the 303 patients included, 65% were male and 35% were female. There was an equal distribution of high-energy and low-energy injuries. Injury to 3 major ligaments was the most common, with Schenck classification type KD III-M constituting 52.4% of the injuries and KD III-L comprising 28.1%. Meniscal injuries and cartilage injuries occurred in 37.3% and 28.3% of patients, respectively. Patients with acute injuries had significantly lower odds of a cartilage injury than those with chronic injuries (odds ratio [OR], 0.28; 95% CI, 0.15-0.50; P < .001). Peroneal nerve injuries were recorded in 19.2% of patients (10.9% partial and 8.3% complete deficit), while vascular injuries were recorded in 5%. The odds of having a common peroneal nerve injury were 42 times greater (P < .001) among those with posterolateral corner injury (KD III-L) than those without. The odds for popliteal artery injury were 9 times greater (P ¼ .001) among those with KD III-L injuries than other ligament injury types.
Conclusion: Medial-sided bicruciate injuries were the most common injury pattern in knee dislocations. Cartilage injuries were common in chronically treated patients. There was a significant risk of peroneal nerve injury with lateral-sided injuries
Demographics and injuries associated with knee dislocation: A prospective review of 303 patients
Background:
Information on the incidence, injury mechanisms, ligament injury patterns, and associated injuries of knee dislocations is lacking in the literature. There is a need to characterize ligament injury patterns and associated injuries in knee dislocations to avoid missing common associated diagnoses and to plan surgical treatment.
Purpose:
To evaluate patient demographics, ligament injury patterns and associated injury patterns, and associated injuries in patients with knee dislocation.
Study Design:
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods:
A total of 303 patients with knee dislocations treated at a single level 1 trauma center were followed prospectively. Injury mechanism; ligament injury patterns; associated neurovascular, meniscal, and cartilage injuries; and surgical complications were recorded. The Schenck knee dislocation classification was used to classify the ligament injury patterns.
Results:
The mean age at injury was 37.8 ± 15.3 years. Of the 303 patients included, 65% were male and 35% were female. There was an equal distribution of high-energy and low-energy injuries. Injury to 3 major ligaments was the most common, with Schenck classification type KD III-M constituting 52.4% of the injuries and KD III-L comprising 28.1%. Meniscal injuries and cartilage injuries occurred in 37.3% and 28.3% of patients, respectively. Patients with acute injuries had significantly lower odds of a cartilage injury than those with chronic injuries (odds ratio [OR], 0.28; 95% CI, 0.15-0.50; P < .001). Peroneal nerve injuries were recorded in 19.2% of patients (10.9% partial and 8.3% complete deficit), while vascular injuries were recorded in 5%. The odds of having a common peroneal nerve injury were 42 times greater (P < .001) among those with posterolateral corner injury (KD III-L) than those without. The odds for popliteal artery injury were 9 times greater (P = .001) among those with KD III-L injuries than other ligament injury types.
Conclusion:
Medial-sided bicruciate injuries were the most common injury pattern in knee dislocations. Cartilage injuries were common in chronically treated patients. There was a significant risk of peroneal nerve injury with lateral-sided injuries