Atividade metabólica de abacaxi 'Pérola' minimamente processado decorrente do formato de corte e da temperatura

The effects of cut shape and temperature on the respiratory activity and ethylene synthesis of fresh-cut 'Pérola' pineapple were investigated. Two experiments were carried out. In the first, slices and chunks were placed in air-tight packages kept at 4 or 10ºC. Gas samples were taken every 2 h during 12 h and analysed by gas chromatography. In the second experiment, peeled fruits, slices and chunks were placed in air-tight glass jars connected to a flowboard installed in a cold room at 5 ± 1ºC. This system provided a continuous flow of humid and cold air during 14 d. Respiration rate was determined every 2 h, during the first 12 h, then daily for 10 d and on days 12 and 14. Ethylene synthesis was not detected during 12 h of evaluation. The lower respiration rates that occurred when fruits were stored at 4ºC indicate that this condition provides greater shelf life for the fresh-cut product. The initial respiration rate of slices and chunks stored at 5ºC doubled as compared with peeled fruits under the same conditions. The respiratory behaviour of slices and chunks was very similar during 14 d of cold storage, with respiration rates between 1.96 and 4.10 mg CO2 kg-1 h-1.Procurou-se avaliar a influência do formato de corte e da temperatura sobre a atividade respiratória e a síntese de etileno em abacaxis 'Pérola' minimamente processados. Dois experimentos foram realizados. No primeiro, fatias e cubos foram acondicionados em embalagens herméticas mantidas a 4 ou a 10ºC. Alíquotas gasosas foram retiradas a cada 2 h, durante 12 h, e analisadas por meio de cromatografia gasosa. No segundo experimento, frutos inteiros descascados, fatias e cubos foram acondicionados em frascos de vidro herméticos conectados a um fluxcentro instalado em câmara refrigerada a 5 ± 1ºC. Tal sistema garantiu o fornecimento de um fluxo contínuo de ar umidificado e frio durante 14 d. O monitoramento da taxa respiratória foi realizado em intervalos de 2 h, nas primeiras 12 h, então diariamente por 10 d, e nos dias 12 e 14. Não foi detectada síntese de etileno no período de 12 h em que foram realizadas as análises de cromatografia gasosa. As menores taxas respiratórias ocorreram quando os frutos foram acondicionados a 4ºC, indicando que essa condição proporciona maior vida útil ao produto minimamente processado. A taxa respiratória inicial dos frutos cortados em fatias e cubos, acondicionados a 5ºC, correspondeu ao dobro da observada nos frutos inteiros descascados mantidos na mesma condição. O comportamento respiratório dos frutos minimamente processados em fatias e cubos foi muito semelhante, durante os 14 d de armazenamento refrigerado, com taxas respiratórias oscilando entre 1,96 e 4,10 mg CO2 kg-1 h-1.413417Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Impact measurement on apple and orange packinghouses using a wireless instrumented sphere

Physical damage can be considered one of the main causes of postharvest losses for fruits and vegetables. One of the challenges is to measure the impact magnitude on packing lines. There is a number of equipment that can be applied, and the most common are instrumented spheres. A Wireless Instrumented Sphere (WIS) was developed being a low cost alternative that acquires and transmits, in real time, three axis acceleration measurements from a packing line. The WIS was tested on three apple commercial packinghouses located in the south of Brazil, and in an commercial orange packinghouse, located in interior of Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The WIS was submitted to all those packing lines with fruits at regular speed from the fruit reception to the packaging step. For each packing line at least four repetitions were conducted, and three levels of acceleration were considered: > 10 G, > 20 G, and above 30 G. In parallel, a laboratory trial was conducted with the WIS and a commercial instrumented sphere, Instrumented Recorded Device -IRD (Techmark, Inc., Lansing, USA). The instrumented spheres were subjected to drop fall, using a dedicated equipment, from three known distances (20, 30 and 40 cm) to solid steel and two different padded surfaces, such as: polyurethane foam and courvin at a foam thickness 8 mm. The data for the three apple packinghouse showed different results as number of impacts at the three different thresholds (> 10 G, > 20 G and > 30 G) and the maximum peak acceleration found. The orange packing line showed higher acceleration range peaks than the apple packinghouses. For the laboratory trial it was possible to detect different impact magnitudes among distinctive highs and surfaces. This new Wireless Instrument Sphere (WIS) showed to be an important device for measuring impact magnitude in fruit packing lines44971029th Nut and vegetable production engineering symposium2015Mila