La autoría a campo traviesa: "Los galgos, los galgos" de Sara Gallardo

Este trabajo aborda Los galgos, los galgos (1968) de la escritora argentina Sara Gallardo (1931-1988), la novela que dictamina desde la propia ficción el fin del ciclo de las novelas rurales y anuncia el giro espacial, temático y formal que da su producción a partir de la experimental Eisejuaz (1971). En primer lugar se hace una lectura de las apuestas desmitificadoras del recorrido arquetípico de un joven heredero de la elite criolla y sus fallidas “épicas rurales”, enmarcado en la parábola espacial Buenos Aires, la estancia, París, el campo. A propósito del tratamiento novedoso que Gallardo da a los tópicos consolidados de esa tradición literaria, que rozando los años 70 no puede sino resultar anacrónica o epigonal, es que aquí se postulan, a partir justamente del final de su tercera novela, los comienzos –no estrictamente coincidentes con su biografía profesional- de su proyecto autoral: una poética del comenzar. Un fin, entonces, que dictamina un nuevo comienzo.This article aims at analyzing Los galgos, los galgos (1968), from the argentinian writer Sara Gallardo (1931-1988). This novel claims through its own fiction the end of the rural novel cycle and announces the spatial, thematic and formal turn in her production, represented by Eisejuaz (1971). We will develop an analysis of the reinnovating proposals of the archetypical itinerary of a young heire of the elite "criolla" and his frustrated "rural epics", through the spatial parable: Buenos Aires, the "estancia", Paris, the field. We argue that in Los galgos, los galgos, Gallardo presents an original treatment of the consolidated topics of that literary tradition, which turns out to be anachronistic in the late seventies, resulting in the shaping of her own auctorial project: a poetics of the beginning. An end implying a new start.Tendo como referência Los galgos, los galgos (1968) da escritora argentina Sara Gallardo (1931-1988), investiga-se como o romance sentença desde a própria ficção a finalização do ciclo dos romances regionalistas e informa sobre a virada espacial, temática e formal que se produz a partir do romance experimental Eisejuaz (1971). Em primeiro lugar, apresenta-se uma leitura dos desafios desmistificadores do percurso arquetípico de um jovem herdeiro da elite criolla e suas frustradas “épicas rurales”, moldurado na parábola espacial Buenos Aires, estância, Paris, o campo. De propósito do modo inovador que Gallardo confere aos tópicos consolidados dessa tradição literária, que roçando os anos setenta acaba por se revelando anacrônica ou epigonal, podem-se afirmar, a partir precisamente do final do seu terceiro romance, os começos – não coincidente em sentido estrito com sua biografia profissional- do seu projeto autoral: uma poética do começar. Um fim, assim, que guia um novo começo.Fil: de Leone, Lucia Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género; Argentin

Stereospecific ethylene-styrene block copolymerization with ansa-zirconocene-based catalyst

rac-[Methylene(3-tert-butyl-1-indenyl)(2)]ZrCl2 activated by MAC, employed as catalyst in the ethylene-styrene copolymerization, shows a peculiar behavior. Actually, it produces block copolymers, whereas the homogeneous catalytic systems known to copolymerize these monomers preferentially give rise to alternating sequences of ethylene and styrene. The polystyrene blocks are isotactic and show crystallinity, also when their average length is as short as 10 units. Some evidence suggests the primary styrene insertion into the metal-carbon bond of the growing chain: this unusual regiochemistry could account for the observed tendency to give homosequences

Enantioselectivity of Cs- and C2-symmetric ansa-metallocene catalysts in the styrene insertion

The correlation between relative reactivity of the two styrene enantiofaces and geometry of ansa-zirconocene systems has been determined by C-13 NMR microstructural analysis of the poly(propylene-co-styrene-ethylene) (P/S-E) obtained in the presence of C-2- and C-s-symmetric zirconocene catalysts. The chemical shifts assignment accomplished by using configurational additivity rules suggests that secondary styrene insertion with C-2-symmetric metallocene occurs with the opposite enantioface with respect to primary propylene insertion. On the contrary the analysis of C-13 enriched copolymer obtained in the presence of C-s-symmetric catalyst seems to indicate that the secondary styrene insertion occurs with same enantioface with respect to propylene. This stereochemistry is what one expects for a simple olefin inserting in secondary fashion despite the peculiar behavior of the aromatic monomer toward zirconocene-based catalysts

Weight-related disparities in colorectal cancer prevention behaviors

Although Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the 2nd leading cause of cancer mortality, it is estimated that as many as 90% of CRC cases could be prevented through screening and healthy lifestyle, such as engaging in regular physical activity. Obese women, who are at higher risk for CRC, may be less likely to engage in cancer prevention behaviors than normal weight women. The purpose of this research project was to understand how obesity affects CRC screening and physical activity behavior in order to design appropriate intervention messages for decreasing CRC risk among obese women. The dissertation followed three aims. For Aim 1, national data on CRC screening were analyzed to better understand the combined influence of gender, weight and race on CRC screening practices. We found that obese white women were 34% less likely to have had a colonoscopy in the past 10 years (p=0.001), but that there was no significant relationship between screening and weight in African American women. For Aim 2, focus groups were conducted with unscreened obese women to better understand how weight affects compliance with screening and physical activity guidelines. We found that knowledge of CRC prevention was low among obese women. While many of the barriers cited were similar to those found with non-obese women, obese women had more co-morbidities which they may prioritize over cancer screenings tests. Women also cited many weight-related barriers to physical activity. Aim III consisted of an online evaluation of weight-targeted CRC prevention messages. White women were stratified by weight (obese vs. non-obese) and randomized to receive either 10 weight-targeted messages developed based on focus group findings or 10 generic messages about CRC screening and physical activity. Women rated messages using the Elaboration Likelihood (ELM) Scale; there were no differences between ELM scores of women who read weight-targeted vs. generic messages, but obese women in both conditions reported higher elaboration (p=0.02) and felt that the messages were more personally relevant (p=0.005) and believable (p=0.047) than non-obese women did. Together, data from these three aims can be used to inform the development of future CRC prevention interventions targeted at obese women

Structural characterization of syndiotactic propylene-styrene-ethylene terpolymers

The structural features of propylene-styrene-ethylene terpolymer (sP/(S-E)) prepd. using syndiospecific Cs-sym. metallocene catalyst, isopropylidene(cyclopentadienyl)-(9-fluorenyl)zirconium dichloride with MAO co-catalyst were studied. The polymorphism studies of as-prepd., melt-crystd., and fiber sP/(S-E) confirmed that ethylene units are mainly bound to styrene units arising from catalyst reactivation after the secondary insertion of styrene. Styrene-ethylene units are mainly segregated in the amorphous phase. The bulky styrene units, bound to ethylene, prevent the inclusion of ethylene units in the crystals of syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP), as generally occurs for copolymers of sPP with ethylene. This explains the fact that the effect of styrene-ethylene units on polymorphism of sPP is smaller than that obsd. in copolymers of sPP contg. only ethylene or butene comonomer units

Campos que matan: Espacios, tiempos y narración en Distancia de rescate de Samanta Schweblin

Este artículo se propone examinar representaciones del campo  agrotóxico argentino del presente y los nuevos relatos que éste despierta en virtud del tratamiento de las relaciones espaciales y los entramados temporales en Distancia de rescate (2014) de Samanta Schweblin. Esta novela es también una trama sobre el tiempo que opera en distintos niveles: el ciclo de las vidas humanas, el tiempo de la naturaleza y las temporalidades heterocrónicas de la narración. Distancia de rescate es además una reflexión metaficcional, que involucra  determinaciones espaciales  y gradaciones  temporales, sobre cómo contar una historia hoy, esta historia sobre la urgencia de rescates en un escenario pampero donde la naturaleza es desafiada en su propia ley al intervenir y hasta reemplazar sus creaciones, amenazada en su biodiversidad y destruida: el rescate de la propia vida pero también el rescate de "lo importante" de esa historia que dote de espesor a un nuevo relato rural.This paper aims to examine representations of the present day Argentinian agrotoxic field and the narratives it generates through a treatment of the spatial relations and temporal figurations in the novel Distancia de rescate (2014) by Samanta Schweblin. The novel reveals different levels of temporality: the cycle of human life, natural time, and the heterochronic temporality of the narration. Distancia de rescate is also a metafictional reflection, involving spatial determinations and temporal gradations, about how to narrate a story nowadays, a story about the urgency of rescues in a pampero scenario where the laws of nature are challenged intervening and even replacing its creations, its biodiversity threatened and destroyed: the rescuing of one’s life and of what is important in the story that can provide thickness to a new rural narrative.Fil: de Leone, Lucia Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Imaginações rurais argentinas: o campo como zona de cruzamento em expressões artísticas contemporâneas

En los últimos años se ha podido identificar en las artes argentinas un creciente interés por los motivos rurales, que coincide, en los planos político y económico, con un momento en que el campo se afirma como centro de atención, un agente de disputa entre sectores y materia productora de nuevos relatos, y en el plano cultural, con un conjunto de especulaciones teórico-críticas que se interrogan sobre el estado del arte del presente. En este artículo se indaga cómo la imaginación artística contemporánea (literatura, cine y teatro) procesa esta revisibilización del campo, que alcanza también otros formatos y productos mediáticos (un reality show), y cómo estas expresiones conviven muchas veces sin diálogo ni engarces, pero también sin conflicto.During the last few years it became possible to identify in Argentinian arts a growing interest for rural motifs, coinciding with the political and economic areas, in a moment where the countryside solidifies as a focus of attention. It became the cause for arguments between sectors and material for new stories, and, in the cultural area, for a group of theoretical and critical speculations questioning the state of current art. This article delves into how the contemporary artistic imagination (literature, cinema, and theater) processes the resurgence of the countryside, reaching up to other different formats and media products (a reality show), and how these expressions most of the time coexist without dialogue or linkages, and yet, without conflict.Nos últimos anos pode-se identificar nas artes argentinas crescente interesse por motivações rurais, que nos planos político e econômico coincide com um momento em que o campo é reafirmado como centro de atenção, agente de disputa entre setores e matéria produtora de novos relatos, e no plano cultural, com um conjunto de especulações teórico-críticas que se questionam sobre o estado da arte do presente. Neste artigo investiga-se como é que a imaginação artística contemporânea (literatura, cinema e teatro) processa tal revisibilização do campo, que mesmo atinge outros formatos e produtos mediáticos (um reality show), e como essas expressões convivem muitas vezes sem diálogo nem travação, contudo sem conflito.Fil: de Leone, Lucia Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género; Argentin

In a state of permanent assembly: Argentinian critical and literary interventions from the present

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar una serie de trabajos sobre literatura argentina y género de Sylvia Molloy y Tamara Kamenszain, quienes, en dos épocas distintas, instalaron nuevos modos de leer desde una perspectiva feminista (los años 90 y el presente, respectivamente). Se analizan las estrategias discursivas e ideológicas desde una perspectiva feminista sobre corpus que abordado desde otros enfoques. Mientras Molloy utiliza el gesto del desvío (geográfico, político, sexoafectivo) para puntualizar las preferencias de autofiguración en escrituras de mujeres frente a heterodesignaciones paternalistas, Kamenszain realiza una apropiación política y militante de la figura de la “poetisa” desde una enunciación adversativa y mediante textos híbridos o inespecíficos. Sus ensayos constituyen intervenciones feministas en tanto se ocupan de problemas aún vigentes, que aparecieron eludidos y/o obliterados en la cultura argentina y que hoy se encuentran en estado de asamblea permanente para los feminismos.The goal of this article is to analyze a series of works on Argentine literature and gender by Sylvia Molloy and Tamara Kamenszain, who, in two different times, installed new ways of reading from a feminist perspective (the 90s and the present, respectively). Discursive and ideological strategies are analyzed from a feminist perspective on corpus that were investigated from other approaches. While Molloy uses the gesture of deviation (geographical, political, sex-affective) to point out the preferences of self-figuration in women's writings against paternalistic heterodesignations, Kamenszain makes a political and militant appropriation of the figure of the "poetess" using an adversarial enunciation and through hybrid or nonspecific texts. eir essays constitute feminist interventions in that they deal with problems that appeared circumvented and / or obliterated in Argentine culture, and that today are in a state of permanent assembly for feminisms.Fil: de Leone, Lucia Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género; Argentin

How, When, Where, to Whom Tell about Sexual Abuse?: Forms of the Delay in ¿Por qué volvías cada verano? By Belén López Peiró

La propuesta es analizar las formas discursivas, las apuestas textuales y las estrategias narrativas “demoradas” que la escritora argentina Belén López Peiró despliega en ¿Por qué volvías cada verano? El análisis se realiza desde una perspectiva feminista que propone desarmar las lecturas heteronormativas sobre el abuso sexual. Se inserta a este libro en una serie literaria propagada hacia atrás y hacia delante para analizar continuidades y rupturas en los modos de narrar las violencias. El libro conforma un archivo expandido que involucra una narrativa vivencial con la historia de un pueblo, de un comisario, los pasos obturados de un proceso judicial sobre un caso de abuso intrafamiliar. Este libro funciona también como una intervención política en el tejido sociocultural del presente argentino donde el relato de la propia vida pone en juego valores (éticos, cotidianos, literarios) y traspasa en su capacidad archivista de lo privado a lo público.¿Por qué volvías cada verano? by Argentinean writer Belén López Peiró is analysed in this paper from the discursive forms, her own literary project, and the issue of narrating the sexual abuse lately. The analysis is carried out from a feminist perspective that proposes to dismantle heteronormative readings of sexual abuse. This book is inserted in a corpus of novels which allowed to analyse continuities and ruptures in the narration of violence. The book works as an expanded archive involving an experiential writing with a village’s story, a sheriff’s story, and the unsuccessful trial on a case of domestic sexual abuse. This book also works as a political point of view in the socio-cultural Argentinean context. A personal story in this novel embodies values and overcomes from the private to the public.Fil: de Leone, Lucia Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de las Artes; Argentin

A trip back and forth: “Chronic Idea” and urban tribe in “No, mi ama” by María Moreno

Este trabajo toma como objeto de indagación la crónica-entrevista “No, mi ama” de la escritora y periodista argentina María Moreno, compilada en el libro colectivo Idea Crónica. Literatura de no ficción iberoamericana (2006). En sintonía con la imprecisión genérica (genre) de los textos de este volumen, “No, mi ama” se presenta como un texto híbrido en tanto traspasa las fronteras de géneros discursivos codificados como la crónica y la entrevista, y oscila entre la ficción y la realidad. El texto se basa no sólo en la experiencia exploratoria de la cronista en el mundo sadomasoquista sino también en el modo de comunicarla mediante su posicionamiento físico e ideológico, y la edición y la puesta en circulación del relato de tres cultores muy diferentes de esa práctica amatoria. El abordaje de “No, mi ama” resulta productivo, entonces, para poner a dialogar los alcances pero también los límites de la premisa etnográfica (el “in situ”) de la cronista con la lógica dialogal (de ida y vuelta), propia de las convenciones de la entrevista y de algunas prácticas del S/M.This work focuses on the chronicle-interview “No, mi ama” of the Argentinian writer and journalist María Moreno, compiled in the collectively-authored book Idea Crónica. Literatura de no ficción latinoamericana (2006). In synchronicity with the generic imprecision that characterizes the texts that are part of this volume, “No, mi ama” appears as an hybrid text as it goes beyond the borders of codified discursive genres, such as the chronicle and the interview, and ranges from fiction to reality. The text is based not only on the exploratory experience of the chronicler of the sadomasochistic world, but also on the way of communicating it, through both her physical and ideological positioning, and the edition and circulation of the statements of three very different worshippers of this love practice. The approach developed in “No, mi ama” turns out to be productive to set a dialogue between the scopes and the limits of the ethnographic premise (“in situ”) of the chronicler, in its relation with the dialogal logic (a “two-way” communication), proper of the conventions of the interview and of some other practices of the S/M.Fil: de Leone, Lucia Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin