2 research outputs found

    Estudio histopatol贸gico comparativo del nervio fr茅nico proveniente de cad谩veres con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr贸nica y sin esta condici贸n: Comparative histopathological study of the phrenic nerve from corpses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and without this condition

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    Introduction: Functional changes resulting from the evolution of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are progressive and irreversible, causing increased diaphragm work due to pulmonary hyperinflation and airway obstruction. Phrenic nerves have promoted innervation of the diaphragm and may have been compromised in COPD condition. Objective: To compare the morphology of the phrenic nerves of the cadavers with COPD and without COPD by optical microscopy. Materials and methods: An exploratory descriptive studio conducted on the Death Verification Service in Alagoas. Pulmonary and phrenic nerve biopsies will be bilaterally taken from the cadavers after a necropsy with the diagnosis of COPD. Tissue samples were fixed and processed by conventional histology for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) histological slides. Biopsies are divided into experimental groups, one composed by patients with COPD and the other with patients without COPD (control - CTR). This classification was realized after the histological analysis, when typical halls of COPD were found. Histological slides were analyzed by optical microscopy by a pathologist, who was able to assess the study. Results: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, if it includes 38 cadavers in the initial evaluation, of which 31 are included in the COPD group and 7 in the CTR group. In the analysis of the phrenic nerves, 8 cadavers, 25.8%, of the COPD group had histopathological changes: perineural edema (75%, n=6), nervous atrophy (12.5%, n=1) and perineural eosinophilic infiltrate (12.5%, n=1). The CTR group does not present histopathological alterations of the phrenic nerves. Conclusions: Given the hallmarks of the biopsies performed on the phrenic nerves of the corpses with COPD, we can infer that there is a tendency for nerve alteration, with perineural edema, to be the major modification found.Introducci贸n: Los cambios funcionales resultantes de la evoluci贸n de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr贸nica (EPOC) son progresivos e irreversibles, lo que provoca un aumento del trabajo del diafragma debido a la hiperinflaci贸n. Los nervios fr茅nicos promueven la inervaci贸n del diafragma y pueden verse comprometidos en la condici贸n de EPOC. Objetivo: Comparar la morfolog铆a de los nervios fr茅nicos de los cad谩veres con y sin EPOC, mediante microscop铆a 贸ptica. El Estudio: Estudio descriptivo en el que las muestras de los pulmones y los nervios fr茅nicos bilateralmente de los cad谩veres con y sin diagn贸stico de EPOC. Las muestras de tejido fueron fijadas y procesaron por histolog铆a convencional para laminas histol贸gicas te帽idas con hematoxilina-eosina. Las muestras fueron compuestas por pacientes con EPOC (EPOC) y sin EPOC (CTR). Esta clasificaci贸n se realiz贸 despu茅s del an谩lisis histol贸gico. Las l谩minas histol贸gicas se analizaron mediante microscop铆a 贸ptica por un pat贸logo, que fue un evaluador que no conoc铆a datos del estudio. Resultados: De acuerdo con los criterios de inclusi贸n del estudio, se incluyeron 31 cad谩veres en el grupo de EPOC y 7 cad谩veres en el grupo CTR. En el an谩lisis de los nervios fr茅nicos, 8 cad谩veres, es decir, 25.8%, del grupo de EPOC tuvieron cambios histopatol贸gicos: edema perineural (75%, n=6), atrofia nerviosa (12.5%, n=1) e infiltrado eosinof铆lico perineural (12.5%, n=1). Conclusiones: Los nervios fr茅nicos de los cad谩veres con EPOC tienen tendencia a alteraciones histopatol贸gicas, siendo el edema perineural la principal modificaci贸n encontrada

    Hallazgos microsc贸picos del tejido pulmonar y los m煤sculos respiratorios en la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Cr贸nica (EPOC): Microscopic findings of lung tissue and respiratory muscles in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

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    Introduction: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the diaphragm and sternocleidomastoid respiratory muscles (ECOM) work against increased mechanical loads due to limited air flow and changes in chest conformation due to the condition of pulmonary hyperinflation. Objective: To evaluate the histopathological changes present in the lungs and respiratory muscles (diaphragm and ECOM) of the corpses affected by COPD. Materials and methods: This is a blind and descriptive study with analysis of histological images of biopsy. The history of smoking associated with the presence of pulmonary anthracosis, septal thickening and emphysematous bullae included the inclusion criteria of the study. The study was conducted by optical microscopic analysis of histological sheets obtained from 36 corpses with COPD. The histopathological diagnosis was made by a pathologist who did not know the objectives of the study. Results: In the diaphragm, there was the presence of interposed adipose tissue, muscle atrophy, removal of muscle fibers and fibrosis. In ECOM, the elimination of muscle fibers, muscular atrophy, interposed adipose tissue, muscle hypertrophy and thickening of the tendons were also evident. Conclusions: The changes found in the diaphragm and ECOM muscle biopsies of the bodies with COPD were evidenced as a mechanism of compensation and / or dysfunction of the respiratory system due to biomechanical alterations promoted by the disease.Introducci贸n: En la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr贸nica (EPOC), el diafragma y los m煤sculos respiratorios esternocleidomastoideos (ECOM) funcionan contra el aumento de las cargas mec谩nicas debido a la limitaci贸n del flujo de aire y los cambios en la conformaci贸n del t贸rax debido a la condici贸n de hiperinflaci贸n pulmonar. Objetivo: Evaluar los cambios histopatol贸gicos presentes en los pulmones y los m煤sculos respiratorios (diafragma y ECOM) de los cad谩veres con Diagnostico  de EPOC. El Estudio: Este es un estudio ciego y descriptivo con an谩lisis de im谩genes histol贸gicas de biopsia. El historial de tabaquismo asociado con la presencia de antracosis pulmonar, engrosamiento septal y bullas enfisematosas comprendi贸 los criterios de inclusi贸n del estudio. La muestra consisti贸 en biopsias de pulm贸n, diafragma y ECOM. El estudio se realiz贸 mediante an谩lisis microsc贸pico 贸ptico de l芒minas histol贸gicas obtenidas de 36 cad谩veres con EPOC. El diagn贸stico histopatol贸gico fue realizado por un pat贸logo que desconoc铆a los objetivos del estudio. Hallazgos: En el diafragma, hubo la presencia de tejido adiposo interpuesto, atrofia muscular, eliminaci贸n de las fibras musculares y fibrosis. En el ECOM, tambi茅n se evidenci贸 la eliminaci贸n de las fibras musculares, la atrofia muscular, el tejido adiposo interpuesto, la hipertrofia muscular y el engrosamiento de los tendones. Conclusiones: Los cambios encontrados en las biopsias musculares de diafragma y ECOM de los cad谩veres con EPOC se evidenciaron como un mecanismo de compensaci贸n y/o disfunci贸n del sistema respiratorio debido a alteraciones biomec谩nicas promovidas por la enfermedad
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