Concertation sociale et transformations socio-économiques en Belgique, de 1944 à nos jours

The socioeconomic development of most European countries has been largely shaped by social dialogue, by negotiations between employers and workers representatives. To that respect, Belgium has played a pivotal role. The Belgian post-WW2 institutions, aimed at fostering social dialogue, are often alluded to as a reference. In sixty years, these institutions have changed, along with the transformations of the economic, social and political context. We study here the dynamical movement that simultaneously transforms the social dialogue, on the one hand, and the historical context in which it is anchored, on the other. We contrast two thirty-year periods: the golden age, followed by an age of upheaval. The former is characterized by the setting up and the extension of a coherent model while the latter rather appears as a defensive withdrawal in a context of crisis and of socioeconomic upheaval. In the midst of the turmoil, the social partners uneasily seek for meaningful responses.

Négociations interprofessionnelles et compétitivité structurelle

The article brings to mind, in reference to Belgium, the debates between social interlocutors around the theme of structural competitiveness as well as the way in which they integrated this theme in the social compromises and that, since the end of the Second World War. It is divided into three parts. The first describes the first social compromise which was built around the Joint Declaration on Productivity. The second is interested in the period spreading out of 1970 to 1996 during which the social compromise has been dislocated. And the last part starts in 1996, with the law relating to the promotion of employment and the preventive safeguard of competitiveness. It recalls the attempts at rebuilding of a social compromise within a new socio-economic framework. This last one is marked by the challenges of globalisation, ageing of the population, social cohesion and the environmental protection.interprofessional negotiations, structural competitiveness, Belgium

Concertation sociale et transformations socio-économiques depuis 1944

L’évolution socio-économique de la plupart des pays européens a été fortement marquée par une pratique de concertation sociale, de négociation entre les représentants du patronat et ceux du salariat. La Belgique a joué un rôle de pointe en ce domaine. Les institutions de dialogue social qui y ont été implantées après la deuxième guerre mondiale ont souvent été citées en exemple. En soixante ans, ces institutions ont changé, au fil des transformations du contexte économique, social et politique. Nous examinons ici le mouvement dynamique qui transforme simultanément la concertation sociale et le contexte historique dans lequel elle s’inscrit, en soulignant les influences réciproques de l’une sur l’autre. Nous distinguons deux périodes aux traits contrastés : les trente glorieuses et les trente bouleversantes. La première est une phase constructive de mise sur pied et d’extension d’un modèle cohérent. La seconde prend l’allure d’un repli défensif dans une période de crise et de bouleversements socio-économiques majeurs auxquels les partenaires sociaux peinent à trouver des réponses porteuses de sens

Concertation sociale et transformations socio-économiques en Belgique, de 1944 à nos jours

The socioeconomic development of most European countries has been largely shaped by social dialogue, by negotiations between employers and workers representatives. To that respect, Belgium has played a pivotal role. The Belgian post-WW2 institutions, aimed at fostering social dialogue, are often alluded to as a reference. In sixty years, these institutions have changed, along with the transformations of the economic, social and political context. We study here the dynamical movement that simultaneously transforms the social dialogue, on the one hand, and the historical context in which it is anchored, on the other. We contrast two thirty-year periods: the golden age, followed by an age of upheaval. The former is characterized by the setting up and the extension of a coherent model while the latter rather appears as a defensive withdrawal in a context of crisis and of socioeconomic upheaval. In the midst of the turmoil, the social partners uneasily seek for meaningful responses

Revision of the Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary in Belgium and surrounding areas: a scenario

peer reviewe

Situation comparative des enseignants en Communauté française

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Activation of the metal-organic framework MIL-47 for selective adsorption of xylenes and other difunctionalized aromatics

The capacity and selectivity of the metal-organic framework MIL-47 for liquid phase adsorption are shown to heavily depend on the pretreatment of the material, as illustrated in detail by the particular case of selective xylene adsorption. By totally removing the uncoordinated terephthalic acid from the pores and simultaneously avoiding oxidation to nonporous V2O5, pore volume and uptake of xylenes can be maximized. The presence of uncoordinated terephthalic acid in the pores improves the selectivity between p- and m-xylene. Calcination bed thickness and oven geometry influence the optimal calcination procedure. The physicochemical modi. cations of MIL-47 during its activation are investigated in detail with XRD, SEM, nitrogen physisorption, TGA and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy. Using optimally pretreated MIL-47 as adsorbent for xylene, ethyltoluene, dichlorobenzene, toluidine or cresol isomers, the para-isomer is in each case preferred over the meta-isomer in pulse chromatographic and batch experiments. The role of stacking in the selective adsorption of these isomers is discussed. In the case of the dichlorobenzenes, the meta- and para-isomers can be separated in a breakthrough experiment with a selectivity of 5.0.status: publishe