Matrix of educational and training materials in remote sensing

Remote sensing educational and training materials developed by LARS have been organized in a matrix format. Each row in the matrix represents a subject area in remote sensing and the columns represent different types of instructional materials. This format has proved to be useful for displaying in a concise manner the subject matter content, prerequisite requirements and technical depth of each instructional module in the matrix. A general description of the matrix is followed by three examples designed to illustrate how the matrix can be used to synthesize training programs tailored to meet the needs of individual students. A detailed description of each of the modules in the matrix is contained in a catalog section

Determining land use patterns through man-machine analysis of LANDSAT data: A tutorial simulation

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Pre- and syn-eruptive degassing and crystallisation processes of the 2010 and 2006 eruptions of Merapi volcano, Indonesia

The 2010 eruption of Merapi (VEI 4) was the volcano’s largest since 1872. In contrast to the prolonged and effusive dome-forming eruptions typical of Merapi’s recent activity, the 2010 eruption began explosively, before a new dome was rapidly emplaced. This new dome was subsequently destroyed by explosions, generating pyroclastic density currents (PDCs), predominantly consisting of dark coloured, dense blocks of basaltic andesite dome lava. A shift towards open-vent conditions in the later stages of the eruption culminated in multiple explosions and the generation of PDCs with conspicuous grey scoria and white pumice clasts resulting from sub-plinian convective column collapse. This paper presents geochemical data for melt inclusions and their clinopyroxene hosts extracted from dense dome lava, grey scoria and white pumice generated during the peak of the 2010 eruption. These are compared with clinopyroxene-hosted melt inclusions from scoriaceous dome fragments from the prolonged dome-forming 2006 eruption, to elucidate any relationship between pre-eruptive degassing and crystallisation processes and eruptive style. Secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis of volatiles (H2O, CO2) and light lithophile elements (Li, B, Be) is augmented by electron microprobe analysis of major elements and volatiles (Cl, S, F) in melt inclusions and groundmass glass. Geobarometric analysis shows that the clinopyroxene phenocrysts crystallised at depths of up to 20 km, with the greatest calculated depths associated with phenocrysts from the white pumice. Based on their volatile contents, melt inclusions have re-equilibrated during shallower storage and/or ascent, at depths of ~0.6–9.7 km, where the Merapi magma system is interpreted to be highly interconnected and not formed of discrete magma reservoirs. Melt inclusions enriched in Li show uniform “buffered” Cl concentrations, indicating the presence of an exsolved brine phase. Boron-enriched inclusions also support the presence of a brine phase, which helped to stabilise B in the melt. Calculations based on S concentrations in melt inclusions and groundmass glass require a degassing melt volume of 0.36 km3 in order to produce the mass of SO2 emitted during the 2010 eruption. This volume is approximately an order of magnitude higher than the erupted magma (DRE) volume. The transition between the contrasting eruptive styles in 2010 and 2006 is linked to changes in magmatic flux and changes in degassing style, with the explosive activity in 2010 driven by an influx of deep magma, which overwhelmed the shallower magma system and ascended rapidly, accompanied by closed-system degassing

Participação política e cotidiano da gestão em saúde: um ensaio sobre a potencialidade formativa das relações institucionais Political participation and routine of health care management: an essay on the formative potentiality in institutional relations

Este ensaio pretende contribuir para o debate sobre a participação política na experiência do SUS no Brasil. Nele é problematizado o espaço que tem sido reservado para seu exercício efetivo, procurando refletir sobre a atuação dos diferentes sujeitos envolvidos com a produção de políticas de saúde. Parte-se da hipótese de que as instituições de saúde permanecem assentadas na objetivação da dimensão política inerente à vida humana, o que traz limites significativos para a concretização de um sistema de saúde fundado em valores democráticos e universais. O ensaio trabalha teoricamente as relações entre política, cotidiano e linguagem, a partir de conceitos de Hannah Arendt, Antonio Negri e do círculo de Bakhtin. Em seguida, é discutido o problema da cultura política que perpassa as instituições de saúde, considerando que o recurso a capacitações ou estratégias de representação de interesses não tem sido eficaz em solucioná-lo. Nesta perspectiva, são abordadas as potencialidades formativas das relações institucionais, utilizando como referência a Política de Educação Permanente. Como conclusão, o ensaio procura evidenciar que a articulação de novas configurações para a participação política nas instituições de saúde requer a discussão sobre o que seja e o que se deseja da ação de participar, sem o que dificilmente os espaços institucionalizados de participação deixarão de reproduzir as relações de força que os sujeitos historicamente vivenciam no cotidiano do sistema de saúde.<br>This essay aims to contribute to the debate on political participation in the experience of the Brazilian Unified Health System. It discusses the space reserved for its effective exercise, trying to reflect on the actions of different actors involved in the production of health policies. The analysis supports the hypothesis that health institutions remain attached in the objectification of the political dimension inherent to the human life, what derives in significant limits to the achievement of a health system based on democratic and universal values. The text theoretically articulates the relationship between politics, everyday life and language, using concepts of Hannah Arendt, Antonio Negri and Bakhtin's Circle. Then it discusses the problem of political culture present in health institutions, considering that the training focused on skills and the strategies of interest representation has not been effective in solving it. In this perspective, it analyzes the potential formation of institutional relationships, using as reference the Permanent Education Policy. In conclusion, the essay seeks to highlight that a new policy for participation in health system must discuss what is and what is expected from participation. Without this reflection, it will be very difficult for institutionalized spaces to reproduce the power relations which are historically experienced in daily health care system