1,427 research outputs found
Incorporating Prior Knowledge into Task Decomposition for Large-Scale Patent Classification
Abstract. With the adoption of min-max-modular support vector machines (SVMs) to solve large-scale patent classification problems, a novel, simple method for incorporating prior knowledge into task decomposition is proposed and investigated. Two kinds of prior knowledge described in patent texts are considered: time information, and hierarchical structure information. Through experiments using the NTCIR-5 Japanese patent database, patents are found to have time-varying features that considerably affect classification. The experimen-tal results demonstrate that applying min-max modular SVMs with the proposed method gives performance superior to that of conventional SVMs in terms of training time, generalization accuracy, and scalability.
Fault Diagnosis for Industrial Images Using a Min-Max Modular Neural Network
Abstract. This paper presents a new fault diagnosis method for indus-trial images based on a Min-Max Modular (M3) neural network and a Gaussian Zero-Crossing (GZC) function. The most important advantage of the proposed method over existing approaches such as radial-basis function network and support vector machines is that our classifier has locally tuned response characteristics and the misclassification rate of faulty product images can be controlled as small as needed by turning two parameters of the GZC function while the correct rate can be in-fluenced to some extend. The experimental results on a real-world fault diagnosis problem of industrial images indicate that the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Baryon Tri-local Interpolating Fields
We systematically investigate tri-local (non-local) three-quark baryon fields
with U_L(2)*U_R(2) chiral symmetry, according to their Lorentz and isospin
(flavor) group representations. We note that they can also be called as
"nucleon wave functions" due to this full non-locality. We study their chiral
transformation properties and find all the possible chiral multiplets
consisting J=1/2 and J=3/2 baryon fields. We find that the axial coupling
constant |g_A| = 5/3 is only for nucleon fields belonging to the chiral
representation (1/2,1)+(1,1/2) which contains both nucleon fields and Delta
fields. Moreover, all the nucleon fields belonging to this representation have
|g_A| = 5/3.Comment: 8 pages, 3 tables, accepted by EPJ
Twist-3 Distribute Amplitude of the Pion in QCD Sum Rules
We apply the background field method to calculate the moments of the pion
two-particles twist-3 distribution amplitude (DA) in QCD sum
rules. In this paper,we do not use the equation of motion for the quarks inside
the pion since they are not on shell and introduce a new parameter to
be determined. We get the parameter in this approach. If
assuming the expansion of in the series in Gegenbauer polynomials
, one can obtain its approximate expression which can be
determined by its first few moments.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Novel Structure Function for Photon Fragmentation into a Hyperon and Transverse Polarization in Unpolarized Electron-Positron Annihilation
The possibility is examined for the inclusive in unpolarized
electron-positron annihilation to be transversely polarized. Due to final-state
interactions, there exists a novel structure function for the
inclusive hyperon (or any other baryons) production from the
unpolarized time-like photon fragmentation, which makes contribution to the
transverse polarization in the unpolarized electron-positron
annihilation.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages, the version appearing in Phys. Rev.
Free field realization of superstring theory on AdS3
The Coulomb gas representation of expectation values in SU(2) conformal field
theory developed by Dotsenko is extended to the SL(2,R) WZW model and applied
to bosonic string theory on AdS3 and to Type II superstrings on AdS3 x N. The
spectral flow symmetry is included in the free field realization of vertex
operators creating superstring states of both Ramond and Neveu-Schwarz sectors.
Conjugate representations for these operators are constructed and a background
charge prescription is designed to compute correlation functions. Two and three
point functions of bosonic and fermionic string states in arbitrary winding
sectors are calculated. Scattering amplitudes that violate winding number
conservation are also discussed.Comment: 40 pages, typos corrected, references added, minor changes in
presentation and details completed in the calculation of the R sector 2-point
function. Version to appear in JHE
JAZ8 Interacts with VirE3 attenuating agrobacterium mediated root tumorigenesis
Agrobacterium tumefaciens can cause crown gall tumors by transferring both an oncogenic piece of DNA (T-DNA) and several effector proteins into a wide range of host plants. For the translocated effector VirE3 multiple functions have been reported. It acts as a transcription factor in the nucleus binding to the Arabidopsis thaliana pBrp TFIIB-like protein to activate the expression of VBF, an F-box protein involved in degradation of the VirE2 and VIP1 proteins, facilitating Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Also VirE3 has been found at the plasma membrane, where it could interact with VirE2. Here, we identified AtJAZ8 in a yeast two-hybrid screening with VirE3 as a bait and confirmed the interaction by pull-down and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. We also found that the deletion of virE3 reduced Agrobacterium virulence in a root tumor assay. Overexpression of virE3 in Arabidopsis enhanced tumorigenesis, whereas overexpression of AtJAZ8 in Arabidopsis significantly decreased the numbers of tumors formed. Further experiments demonstrated that AtJAZ8 inhibited the activity of VirE3 as a plant transcriptional regulator, and overexpression of AtJAZ8 in Arabidopsis activated AtPR1 gene expression while it repressed the expression of AtPDF1.2. Conversely, overexpression of virE3 in Arabidopsis suppressed the expression of AtPR1 whereas activated the expression of AtPDF1.2. Our results proposed a novel mechanism of counter defense signaling pathways used by Agrobacterium, suggesting that VirE3 and JAZ8 may antagonistically modulate the salicylic acid/jasmonic acid (SA/JA)-mediated plant defense signaling response during Agrobacterium infection.Plant science
Poisson-Lie group of pseudodifferential symbols
We introduce a Lie bialgebra structure on the central extension of the Lie
algebra of differential operators on the line and the circle (with scalar or
matrix coefficients). This defines a Poisson--Lie structure on the dual group
of pseudodifferential symbols of an arbitrary real (or complex) order. We show
that the usual (second) Benney, KdV (or GL_n--Adler--Gelfand--Dickey) and KP
Poisson structures are naturally realized as restrictions of this Poisson
structure to submanifolds of this ``universal'' Poisson--Lie group.
Moreover, the reduced (=SL_n) versions of these manifolds (W_n-algebras in
physical terminology) can be viewed as subspaces of the quotient (or Poisson
reduction) of this Poisson--Lie group by the dressing action of the group of
functions.
Finally, we define an infinite set of functions in involution on the
Poisson--Lie group that give the standard families of Hamiltonians when
restricted to the submanifolds mentioned above. The Poisson structure and
Hamiltonians on the whole group interpolate between the Poisson structures and
Hamiltonians of Benney, KP and KdV flows. We also discuss the geometrical
meaning of W_\infty as a limit of Poisson algebras W_\epsilon as \epsilon goes
to 0.Comment: 64 pages, no figure
Quantum optics in the phase space - A tutorial on Gaussian states
In this tutorial, we introduce the basic concepts and mathematical tools
needed for phase-space description of a very common class of states, whose
phase properties are described by Gaussian Wigner functions: the Gaussian
states. In particular, we address their manipulation, evolution and
characterization in view of their application to quantum information.Comment: Tutorial. 23 pages, 1 figure. Updated version accepted for
publication in EPJ - ST devoted to the memory of Federico Casagrand
Mir-21-Sox2 Axis Delineates Glioblastoma Subtypes with Prognostic Impact.
UNLABELLED: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive human brain tumor. Although several molecular subtypes of GBM are recognized, a robust molecular prognostic marker has yet to be identified. Here, we report that the stemness regulator Sox2 is a new, clinically important target of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in GBM, with implications for prognosis. Using the MiR-21-Sox2 regulatory axis, approximately half of all GBM tumors present in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and in-house patient databases can be mathematically classified into high miR-21/low Sox2 (Class A) or low miR-21/high Sox2 (Class B) subtypes. This classification reflects phenotypically and molecularly distinct characteristics and is not captured by existing classifications. Supporting the distinct nature of the subtypes, gene set enrichment analysis of the TCGA dataset predicted that Class A and Class B tumors were significantly involved in immune/inflammatory response and in chromosome organization and nervous system development, respectively. Patients with Class B tumors had longer overall survival than those with Class A tumors. Analysis of both databases indicated that the Class A/Class B classification is a better predictor of patient survival than currently used parameters. Further, manipulation of MiR-21-Sox2 levels in orthotopic mouse models supported the longer survival of the Class B subtype. The MiR-21-Sox2 association was also found in mouse neural stem cells and in the mouse brain at different developmental stages, suggesting a role in normal development. Therefore, this mechanism-based classification suggests the presence of two distinct populations of GBM patients with distinguishable phenotypic characteristics and clinical outcomes.
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Molecular profiling-based classification of glioblastoma (GBM) into four subtypes has substantially increased our understanding of the biology of the disease and has pointed to the heterogeneous nature of GBM. However, this classification is not mechanism based and its prognostic value is limited. Here, we identify a new mechanism in GBM (the miR-21-Sox2 axis) that can classify ∼50% of patients into two subtypes with distinct molecular, radiological, and pathological characteristics. Importantly, this classification can predict patient survival better than the currently used parameters. Further, analysis of the miR-21-Sox2 relationship in mouse neural stem cells and in the mouse brain at different developmental stages indicates that miR-21 and Sox2 are predominantly expressed in mutually exclusive patterns, suggesting a role in normal neural development
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