中国語圏ジャニーズファンの活動及びファンコミュニティの特性

本稿は、中国語圏のジャニーズファン及びジャニーズファンによって形成されるファンコミュニティの実態と特性を明らかにするために、中国語圏最大のジャニーズファンBBS「J家闲情」におけるアンケート調査を行った。その結果、北京、上海など経済水準が高い地域在住の20代の女性というのが中国大陸のジャニーズファンの典型像だといえる。彼女たちは日本国内のファンと比べると、アイドル情報や音楽映像、関連グッズの入手が困難な環境にあるが、それでも様々なルートを通じて、大量のお金を費やしアイドルの応援活動に没入している。応援活動では、特にインターネットの使用が際立つ。また、ジャニーズファンのオンライン匿名コミュニティから、オフ会を行い、お互いに認知できる少人数の特定コミュニティに転化するケースが多く観察される。このようなコミュニティは「ファン同士の集まり」よりも、「同じ趣味をキッカケとした交友関係」であると認識したほうがより妥当だと考えられる。更に、日本のファンコミュニティのキー概念ともいえる「担当制」は中国語圏のジャニーズファンコミュニティにも存在するが、しかし決して日本ほど重要な要素ではないと考えられる。This article outlines a questionnaire survey conducted on the largest fan site of Johnnys in China. It investigated the current situation and characteristics of Johnnys’ fans. The survey shows that the majority of Johnnys\u27 fans are women aged 20 to 30 living in prosperous cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. Compared with fans living in Japan, Chinese fans can not access the latest resources and information about Johnnys as conveniently. However, the fans in China invest large amounts of money to support their idols through the internet. Some anonymous fans who get to know each other through the internet even become real-life friends. The "tanto" system which mostly exists in Japanese fan groups of Johnnys also exists in Chinese fan groups, but it can no longer be considered a very important factor

An agricultural drought index for assessing droughts using a water balance method: a case study in Jilin Province, Northeast China

Drought, which causes the economic, social, and environmental losses, also threatens food security worldwide. In this study, we developed a vegetation-soil water deficit (VSWD) method to better assess agricultural droughts. The VSWD method considers precipitation, potential evapotranspiration (PET) and soil moisture. The soil moisture from different soil layers was compared with the in situ drought indices to select the appropriate depths for calculating soil moisture during growing seasons. The VSWD method and other indices for assessing the agricultural droughts, i.e., Scaled Drought Condition Index (SDCI), Vegetation Health Index (VHI) and Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI), were compared with the in situ and multi-scales of Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEIs). The results show that the VSWD method has better performance than SDCI, VHI, and TVDI. Based on the drought events collected from field sampling, it is found that the VSWD method can better distinguish the severities of agricultural droughts than other indices mentioned here. Moreover, the performances of VSWD, SPEIs, SDCI and VHI in the major historical drought events recorded in the study area show that VSWD has generated the most sensible results than others. However, the limitation of the VSWD method is also discussed

Variation in compensatory strategies as a function of target constriction degree in post-glossectomy speech

Individuals who have undergone treatment for oral cancer oftentimes exhibit compensatory behavior in consonant production. This pilot study investigates whether compensatory mechanisms utilized in the production of speech sounds with a given target constriction location vary systematically depending on target manner of articulation. The data reveal that compensatory strategies used to produce target alveolar segments vary systematically as a function of target manner of articulation in subtle yet meaningful ways. When target constriction degree at a particular constriction location cannot be preserved, individuals may leverage their ability to finely modulate constriction degree at multiple constriction locations along the vocal tract

The management correlation between metabolic index, cardiovascular health, and diabetes combined with cardiovascular disease

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although there is also evidence that multifactorial interventions to control blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profiles can reduce macrovascular complications and mortality in patients with T2DM, the link between these risk factors has not been established.MethodsOn 10 December 2018, 1,920 people in four cities in Anhui Province were included. Latent category analysis (LCA) was used to explore the clustering mode of HRBs (health risk behaviors). The primary exposure was HRBs and exercise and diet interventions, and the primary outcome was CVD and other variables, including zMS, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), TyG-WC (waist circumference), TyG-BMI, TG/HDL, and cardiovascular health (CVH). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to establish the relationship between HRBs, exercise, diet interventions, and CVD. Moderate analysis and mediation moderation analysis were employed by the PROCESS method to explore the relationship between these variables. Sensitivity analysis explored the robustness of the model.ResultsThe mean age was 57.10 ± 10.0 years old. Overall, CVD affects approximately 19.9% of all persons with T2DM. Macrovascular complications of T2DM include coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac insufficiency, and cerebrovascular disease. Elderly age (χ2 = 22.70), no occupation (χ2 = 20.97), medium and high socioeconomic status (SES) (χ2 = 19.92), higher level of TyG-WC (χ2 = 6.60), and higher zMS (χ2 = 7.59) were correlated with high CVD. Many metabolic indices have shown a connection with T2DM combined with CVD, and there was a dose−response relationship between HRB co-occurrence and clustering of HRBs and zMS; there was a dose−response relationship between multifactorial intervention and CVH. In the mediation moderation analysis, there was an association between HRB, gender, TyG, TyG-BMI, and CVD. From an intervention management perspective, exercise and no diet intervention were more significant with CVD; moreover, there was an association between intervention management, gender, zMS, TyG-WC, TyG-BMI, TG/HDL, and CVD. Finally, there was an association between sex, CVH, and CVD. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that our results were robust.ConclusionsCVD is one of the common complications in patients with type 2 diabetes, and its long-term outcome will have more or less impact on patients. Our findings suggest the potential benefits of scaling up multifactorial and multifaceted interventions to prevent CVD in patients with T2DM

Analysis of shared ceRNA networks and related-hub genes in rats with primary and secondary photoreceptor degeneration

IntroductionPhotoreceptor degenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive death of photoreceptor cells, resulting in irreversible visual impairment. However, the role of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in photoreceptor degeneration is unclear. We aimed to explore the shared ceRNA regulation network and potential molecular mechanisms between primary and secondary photoreceptor degenerations.MethodsWe established animal models for both types of photoreceptor degenerations and conducted retina RNA sequencing to identify shared differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Using ceRNA regulatory principles, we constructed a shared ceRNA network and performed function enrichment and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analyses to identify hub genes and key pathways. Immune cell infiltration and drug–gene interaction analyses were conducted, and hub gene expression was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsWe identified 37 shared differentially expressed lncRNAs, 34 miRNAs, and 247 mRNAs and constructed a ceRNA network consisting of 3 lncRNAs, 5 miRNAs, and 109 mRNAs. Furthermore, we examined 109 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through functional annotation, PPI analysis, and regulatory network analysis. We discovered that these diseases shared the complement and coagulation cascades pathway. Eight hub genes were identified and enriched in the immune system process. Immune infiltration analysis revealed increased T cells and decreased B cells in both photoreceptor degenerations. The expression of hub genes was closely associated with the quantities of immune cell types. Additionally, we identified 7 immune therapeutical drugs that target the hub genes.DiscussionOur findings provide new insights and directions for understanding the common mechanisms underlying the development of photoreceptor degeneration. The hub genes and related ceRNA networks we identified may offer new perspectives for elucidating the mechanisms and hold promise for the development of innovative treatment strategies

Mr. All in One-ecological housing in China

Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersDas Verständnis für Wohnbausituation in China soll durch eine geschichtliche Aussereinandersetzung und Untersuchung der aktuellen Situation verstärkt werden. Die Fragen nach welchen Wohnformen in China stark auftreten und welche geschichtlichen, mit Tradition verbundenen Hintergründe sie aufweisen, soll verarbeitet und beantwortet werden.Erkenntnisse aus der theoretischen Arbeit soll mittel ein Entwurf verarbeitet und widergespiegelt werden. Der Entwurf versucht mit einer neuen Heransgehensweise die schwierigen Anforderungen zu erfüllen und eröffnet dabei die Möglichkeit von neuen Wohnbauformen für China.Zusätzlich zeigt der Wohnbauentwurf "Mr. All in One" wie intelligenter Architektur natürliche Ressource zur Minimierung von Energieverbrauch nützt und städtebauliche Auflockerung schafft. Als eine dichte Grünlandschaft schafft das Projekt nicht nur Wohnqualitäten in eine urbane innenstädtische Lage und bietet auch gleichzeitig Raum für Funktionen, die in moderne Metropolen notwendig sind.With a historical research and the research about the moment situation in this topic the understanding about the housing situation in China should collected. The questions about, which housing types appears mostly in china and which historical background are they related to, are answered by an intensive research. The result and knowledge from the theory part of the thesis is the basic for the architecture design of a housing project in Shanghai. The design tries to find a new way to deal with the problematic and affords to a housing project in a very urban site in the mega-city shanghai. The project "Mr. All in One" is a green urban landscape, which offers the best living quality in a very central urban city-site. With an intelligent design concept the project used natural resource to raise the energyefficiency without complicated technology. In the same time, it offers space for other function for the modern city life.25