Confucius, Yamaha, or Mozart? Cultural Capital and Upward Mobility Among Children of Chinese Immigrants

This study examines the determinants of upward mobility among children of Chinese immigrants. While most studies emphasize ethnic cultural capital as a primary determinant of Chinese upward mobility, this study proposes three new concepts to illuminate understudied processes promoting mobility. Specifically, this study argues that Chinese immigrants\u27 interactions with classical music schools in the Chinese community help generate globalized cultural capital (resources from immigrants\u27 participation in transnational networks), navigational capital (the ability to connect social networks together to facilitate community navigation through higher-status educational institutions) and aspirational capital (the ability of parents to acknowledge the barriers to upward mobility). These music schools offer parents highly valued Western cultural capital in the form of difficult-to-acquire competence in classical music, which parents are promised will help their children gain access to higher-status educational institutions. Parents internalize this valorizing of classical music and believe it will help their children. In addition, Western classical music as a component of Chinese American identity is also reconstructed and blurred through family cultural practice in the local context. Moreover, the competition to climb the educational ladder in the new land encourages Chinese immigrant families to create ethnic identities of hybrid cultural components. This more instrumental acquisition of highly valued cultural capital is a qualitatively different (though not incommensurate) explanation of Chinese upward mobility, which usually centers on Confucian values, retention of Chinese language, and obedience. This study seeks here not to attack the Chinese-values argument, but to argue that institutional factors outside the family are also crucial to understanding Chinese upward mobility

Progressive amorphization of GeSbTe phase-change material under electron beam irradiation

Fast and reversible phase transitions in chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs), in particular, Ge-Sb-Te compounds, are not only of fundamental interests, but also make PCMs based random access memory (PRAM) a leading candidate for non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing devices. To RESET the memory cell, crystalline Ge-Sb-Te has to undergo phase transitions firstly to a liquid state and then to an amorphous state, corresponding to an abrupt change in electrical resistance. In this work, we demonstrate a progressive amorphization process in GeSb2Te4 thin films under electron beam irradiation on transmission electron microscope (TEM). Melting is shown to be completely absent by the in situ TEM experiments. The progressive amorphization process resembles closely the cumulative crystallization process that accompanies a continuous change in electrical resistance. Our work suggests that if displacement forces can be implemented properly, it should be possible to emulate symmetric neuronal dynamics by using PCMs

Exploring muonphilic ALPs at μ+μ−\mu^+\mu^- and μp\mu p colliders

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are new particles that extend beyond the standard model (SM) and are highly motivated. When considering ALPs within an effective field theory, their couplings with SM particles can be studied independently. It is a daunting task to search for GeV-scale ALPs coupled to muons in collider experiments because their coupling is proportional to the muon mass. However, a recent study by Altmannshofer, Dror, and Gori (2022) highlighted the importance of a four-point interaction, $W$-$\mu$-$\nu_{\mu}$-$a$, which coupling is not dependent on the muon mass. This interaction provides a new opportunity to explore muonphilic ALPs ($\mu$ALPs) at the GeV scale. We concentrate on $\mu$ALPs generated through this four-point interaction at future $\mu^+\mu^-$ and $\mu p$ colliders that subsequently decay into a pair of muons. This new channel for exploring $\mu$ALPs with $1$ GeV $\leq m_a\lesssim M_W$ can result in much stronger future constraints than the existing ones.Comment: 34 pages, 12 figures, 7 table

Signals of New Gauge Bosons in Gauged Two Higgs Doublet Model

Recently a gauged two Higgs doublet model, in which the two Higgs doublets are embedded into the fundamental representation of an extra local $SU(2)_H$ group, is constructed. Both the new gauge bosons $Z^\prime$ and $W^{\prime (p,m)}$ are electrically neutral. While $Z^\prime$ can be singly produced at colliders, $W^{\prime (p,m)}$, which is heavier, must be pair produced. We explore the constraints of $Z^\prime$ using the current Drell-Yan type data from the Large Hadron Collider. Anticipating optimistically that $Z^\prime$ can be discovered via the clean Drell-Yan type signals at high luminosity upgrade of the collider, we explore the detectability of extra heavy fermions in the model via the two leptons/jets plus missing transverse energy signals from the exotic decay modes of $Z^\prime$. For the $W^{\prime (p,m)}$ pair production in a future 100 TeV proton-proton collider, we demonstrate certain kinematical distributions for the two/four leptons plus missing energy signals have distinguishable features from the Standard Model background. In addition, comparisons of these kinematical distributions between the gauged two Higgs doublet model and the littlest Higgs model with T-parity, the latter of which can give rise to the same signals with competitive if not larger cross sections, are also presented.Comment: 39 pages, 23 figures, 7 tables and two new appendixes, to appear in EPJ

4-[4-(1H-Tetra­zol-5-yl)phen­oxy]benzaldehyde

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H10N4O2, contains two independent mol­ecules with similar structures. In one mol­ecule, the tetra­zole ring is oriented at dihedral angles of 17.71 (16) and 57.13 (17)°, respectively, to the central benzene ring and the terminal benzene ring; in the other mol­ecule, the corresponding dihedral angles are 16.46 (18) and 75.87 (18)°. Inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds occur in the crystal structure

The emerging role of RNAs in DNA damage repair

Many surveillance and repair mechanisms exist to maintain the integrity of our genome. All of the pathways described to date are controlled exclusively by proteins, which through their enzymatic activities identify breaks, propagate the damage signal, recruit further protein factors and ultimately resolve the break with little to no loss of genetic information. RNA is known to have an integral role in many cellular pathways, but, until very recently, was not considered to take part in the DNA repair process. Several reports demonstrated a conserved critical role for RNA-processing enzymes and RNA molecules in DNA repair, but the biogenesis of these damage-related RNAs and their mechanisms of action remain unknown. We will explore how these new findings challenge the idea of proteins being the sole participants in the response to DNA damage and reveal a new and exciting aspect of both DNA repair and RNA biology

catena-Poly[[(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)cadmium]-μ3-4-nitro­phthalato-κ4 O:O′,O′′:O′′′]

In the title polymeric compound, [Cd(C8H3NO6)(C10H8N2)]n, two O atoms from both carboxyl­ate groups of a nitro­phthalate anion coordinate to the CdII cation, forming a seven-membered chelate ring and two carboxyl­ate O atoms from another two nitro­phthalate anions and a 2,2′-bipyridine ligand coordinate to the Cd cation to complete the distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry. The carboxyl­ate groups of the nitro­phthalate anion adopt a syn–anti bridging mode, linking adjacent CdII cations and forming a polymeric chain running along the a axis. Weak intra- and inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure