N′-(4-Hydroxy­benzyl­idene)aceto­hydrazide monohydrate

In the title compound, C9H10N2O2·H2O, the mol­ecular skeleton of the acetohydrazide mol­ecule is nearly planar [within 0.014 (1) Å]. The mol­ecule adopts a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond, while the side chain is slightly twisted away from the attached ring, forming a dihedral angle of 9.975 (8)°. The crystal packing exhibits a three-dimensional network composed from alternating acetohydrazide mol­ecules and uncoordinated water mol­ecules, which inter­act via N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. A C—H⋯π inter­action is also present

N′-[4-(Dimethyl­amino)benzyl­idene]acetohydrazide

The title compound, C11H15N3O, crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules per asymmetric unit which differ slightly in their side-chain orientations: the C=N—N—C torsion angle is −176.2 (3)° in one of the mol­ecules and −179.83 (3)° in the other. Each independent mol­ecule adopts a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond. The two independent mol­ecules are related by a pseudo-inversion center and they exist as a N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonded dimer. The dimers are linked into zigzag chains along [100] by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

N′-(2-Furylmethyl­ene)acetohydrazide

In the title mol­ecule, C7H8N2O2, the acetohydrazide group is planar within 0.014 (2) Å and forms a dihedral angle of 5.35 (8)° with the furan ring. The mol­ecule adopts a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond. In the crystal, molecules are linked into a chain along the a axis by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Methyl (E)-N′-[1-(2,4-dihydroxy­phen­yl)ethyl­idene]hydrazinecarboxyl­ate

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C10H12N2O4, adopts a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the methyl hydrazinecarboxyl­ate plane is 3.01 (6)°. An intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond is observed. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into a two-dimensional network parallel to (10) by O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

(E)-Methyl N′-(3-hy­droxy­benzyl­idene)hydrazinecarboxyl­ate dihydrate

The title compound, C9H10N2O3·2H2O, crystallizes with two organic mol­ecules and four water mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. Both organic mol­ecules adopt a trans conformation with respect to the C=N bond and are close to planar [dihedral angles between the side chain and the aromatic ring = 9.34 (8) and 4.96 (8)°]. In the crystal, the components are linked into three-dimensional network by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Ethyl (E)-2-(2-furyl­idene)hydrazine­carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C8H10N2O3, the hydrazinecarboxyl­ate group is twisted from the furan ring by 6.98 (17)°. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked into one-dimensional chains running along the c axis by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Methyl 2-[(E)-3-hydr­oxy-4-methoxy­benzyl­idene]hydrazinecarboxyl­ate

The title compound, C10H12N2O4, adopts a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond. The hydrazinecarboxyl­ate group is twisted from the benzene ring by 6.62 (5)° and an intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked into a two-dimensional network parallel to (100) by O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In addition, weak C—H⋯π inter­actions are observed

The efficiency of endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan for pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Oral bosentan has been widely applied in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD). A systemic review and meta-analysis was conducted for a therapeutic evaluation of oral bosentan in both adult and pediatric patients with PAH-CHD. The acute responses and a long-term effect were respectively assessed in a comparison with baseline characteristics, and the improvement of exercise tolerance was analyzed. METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of clinical controlled trails or observational studies have been searched for a recording of bosentan effects on the PAH-CHD participants. For mortality and rate of adverse events (AEs), it was described in detail. Randomized-effects model or fixed-effects model was used to calculate different effective values with a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were pooled in this review, and 3 studies enrolled the pediatric patients. Among all studies, 456 patients were diagnosed with PAH-CHD, and 91.7% were treated with oral bosentan. With a term less than 6 months of bosentan therapy, there existed a significant improvement in 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and the World Health Organization functional class (WHO-FC), but no such differences in Borg dyspnea index scores (BDIs) and the resting oxygen saturation (SpO2). Although with a prolonged treatment, not only 6MWD and FC, but also the resting SpO2 and heart rate were changed for a better exercise capability. Additionally, compared with the basic cardiopulmonary hemodynamics, it showed a statistically significant difference in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRi). Although a limitation of pooled studies with comparative outcomes of different terms, outcomes presented a lower WHO-FC which contributes to a success in a prolonged treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Bosentan in PAH-CHD is well established and still requires clinical trials for an identification of its efficiency on CHD patients for an optimized period lessening a serious complication and the common AEs

Genome-wide gene phylogeny of CIPK family in cassava and expression analysis of partial drought-induced genes

Cassava is an important food and potential biofuel crop that is tolerant to multiple abiotic stressors. The mechanisms underlying these tolerances are currently less known. CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) have been shown to play crucial roles in plant developmental processes, hormone signaling transduction, and in the response to abiotic stress. However, no data is currently available about the CPK family in cassava. In this study, a total of 25 CIPK genes were identified from cassava genome based on our previous genome sequencing data. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that 25 MeCIPKs could be classified into four subfamilies, which was supported by exon-intron organizations and the architectures of conserved protein motifs. Transcriptomic analysis of a wild subspecies and two cultivated varieties showed that most MeCIPKs had different expression patterns between wild subspecies and cultivatars in different tissues or in response to drought stress. Some orthologous genes involved in CIPK interaction networks were identified between Arabidopsis and cassava. The interaction networks and co-expression patterns of these orthologous genes revealed that the crucial pathways controlled by CIPK networks may be involved in the differential response to drought stress in different accessions of cassava. Nine MeCIPK genes were selected to investigate their transcriptional response to various stimuli and the results showed the comprehensive response of the tested MeCIPK genes to osmotic, salt, cold, oxidative stressors, and ABA signaling. The identification and expression analysis of CIPK family suggested that CIPK genes are important components of development and multiple signal transduction pathways in cassava. The findings of this study will help lay a foundation for the functional characterization of the CIPK gene family and provide an improved understanding of abiotic stress responses and signaling transduction in cassava