Dimethyl 3,5-diethyl-1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxyl­ate

The title pyrrole derivative, C12H17NO4, consists of a pyrrole ring with two diagonally attached meth­oxy­carbonyl groups and two diagonally attached ethyl groups. The two carbonyl groups are approximately in the same plane as the pyrrole ring, making dihedral angles of 3.50 (19) and 6.70 (19)°. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are assembled into dimers in a head-to-head mode by pairs of inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

(S)-1-[(S)-4-Benzyl-2-thioxothia­zolidin-3-yl]-3-hydroxy­butan-1-one

The title compound, C14H17NO2S2, was synthesized by asymmetric aldol condensation of N-acyl­thia­zolidinethione with acetaldehyde. In the mol­ecule, the thia­zolidine five-membered ring assumes an envelope conformation. Inter­molecular C—H⋯O and intra­molecular O—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonding helps to stabilize the structure

2-Ethyl 4-methyl 5-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxyl­ate

The title pyrrole derivative compound, C12H17NO4, was synthesized from methyl 3-oxopenta­noate by a Knorr-type reaction and contains a pyrrole ring to which two diagonal alk­oxy­carbonyl groups and two diagonal alkyl substituents are attached. The methyl­carbonyl and ethyl­carbonyl substituents are approximately co-planar with the pyrrole ring, making dihedral angles of 5.64 (2) and 3.44 (1)°, respectively. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are assembled by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into dimers in a head-to-head mode

Self-Assembled 3D Flower-Like Hierarchical β-Ni(OH)2Hollow Architectures and their In Situ Thermal Conversion to NiO

Three-dimensional (3D) flower-like hierarchicalβ-Ni(OH)2hollow architectures were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route. The as-obtained products were well characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM (HRTEM), SAED, and DSC-TGA. It was shown that the 3D flower-like hierarchicalβ-Ni(OH)2hollow architectures with a diameter of several micrometers are assembled from nanosheets with a thickness of 10–20 nm and a width of 0.5–2.5 μm. A rational mechanism of formation was proposed on the basis of a range of contrasting experiments. 3D flower-like hierarchical NiO hollow architectures with porous structure were obtained after thermal decomposition at appropriate temperatures. UV–Vis spectra reveal that the band gap of the as-synthesized NiO samples was about 3.57 eV, exhibiting obviously red shift compared with the bulk counterpart

ESI-MS studies of hetro-peptide libraries by phosphorus oxychloride activation

Peptide libraries by phosphorus oxychloride activation were developed and several hetropeptide libraries were synthesized and analyzed by Bio-Tools(TM) software with ESI-MS/MS technique. The products of the libraries were studied and the diversity of the peptide libraries was discussed. It was found that the reaction of phosphorus oxychloride with L-Val/L-Leu produced the most abundant hetro-peptide libraries with 68 kinds of peptides sub-libraries based on molecular weight difference

Acute myocardial infarct detection with dual energy CT: correlation with single photon emission computed tomography myocardial scintigraphy in a canine model

Peak of Six Major Talents of Jiangsu Province Grant [WSW-122]; [10Z020]Background: Dual-energy CT (DECT) has been used to detect myocardial infarct. However, few comparable studies with histopathological findings as gold standard have been published. Purpose: To investigate the accuracy of DECT iodine maps for detecting acute myocardial infarction compared with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in a canine model using histopathological findings as the reference standard. Material and Methods: A model of myocardial ischemia was created by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery after thoracotomy in six dogs, while another three dogs undergoing thoracotomy without LAD ligature served as a control group. Contrast-enhanced DECT scans of the heart were performed, followed by resting 99mTc-MIBI SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging in all nine dogs before and 3 h after the procedure. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was performed and analyzed. In the short axis of the left ventricle, the wall surface was divided into 17 segments, which were assessed for infarcted myocardium on conventional CT from average-weighted data, DECT myocardial iodine maps, conventional CT plus DECT, SPECT, and histopathology. Inter-observer and inter-modality agreement for conventional CT, DECT myocardial iodine maps, and SPECT were calculated. CT value of infracted and non-infracted areas was measured. Results: With the histopathological results as the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 75.0% (30/40), 92.0% (104/113), 76.9% (30/39), 91.2% (104/114), 87.6% (134/153) for conventional CT, 85.0% (34/40), 84.1% (95/113), 65.4% (34/52), 94.1% (95/101), 84.3% (129/153) for DECT myocardial iodine maps; 87.5% (35/40), 92.9% (105/113), 81.4% (35/43), 95.5% (105/110), 91.5% (140/153) for conventional CT plus DECT; 82.5% (33/40), 90.3% (102/113), 75.0% (33/44), and 93.6% (102/109), 88.2% (135/153) for SPECT, respectively. Excellent inter-observer agreement (Kappa value.0.8) and good inter-modality agreement (Kappa value.0.6) for each modality were found. CT values of infarcted myocardium (26 +/- 22 HU, 36 +/- 33 HU, 34 +/- 16 HU) were lower than those of non-infarcted myocardium (115 +/- 16 HU, 121 +/- 28 HU, 123 +/- 11 HU) on images of 140 kVp, 80 kVp, and average-weighted 120 kVp images (all P<0.05). Conclusion: With histopathology as the reference standard, DECT myocardial iodine maps can detect acute myocardial infarction with diagnostic accuracy comparable to resting SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging in a canine model. DECT plus conventional CT had a potential to improve the detection of acute myocardial infarction