Redescription of the sole species of the enigmatic solifuge genus Dinorhax Simon, 1879 (Solifugae: Melanoblossiidae) in Southeast Asia

We present the first recorded description of females of the species Dinorhax rostrumpsittaci (Simon, 1877) from solifugae specimens obtained from southern Vietnam. As a result of DNA barcoding using males identified as D. rostrumpsittaci and unidentified females, these female specimens made a highly supported cluster with male D. rostrumpsittaci. Hereby, we describe the female D. rostrumpsittaci and its natural habitats

Analisis Green Image, Perceived Csr Capability Dan Customer Perception Of CSR Activities: Ethical CSR Terhadap Customer Loyalty

This study aims to see the effect of Green Image on Customer Perceptions of CSR Activities: Ethical CSR, The Effect of CSR Capability on Customer Perceptions of CSR Activities: Ethical CSR and the influence of Customer Perceptions on CSR Activities: Ethical CSR on Customer Loyalty. The population in this study were students and students of Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University who had used or are still using products from The Body Shop, with a sample of 105 respondents. The sampling technique in this study used a non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling.The results showed that there was a positive effect of green image on customer perception of CSR activities: ethical CSR, there was a positive influence on perceived CSR capability on customer perception of CSR activities: ethical CSR and there was a positive effect on Customer Perception Of CSR Activities: Ethical CSR on Customer Loyalty

Pre-treatment cerebrospinal fluid bacterial load correlates with inflammatory response and predicts neurological events during tuberculous meningitis treatment.

Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bacillary load in the brain of those with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) may reflect the host ability to control the pathogen and determine disease severity and treatment outcomes. Methods We measured pre-treatment cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Mtb bacterial load by GeneXpert in 692 adults with TBM. We sought to understand the relationship between CSF bacterial load and inflammation, and their respective impact on disease severity and treatment outcomes. Results Ten-fold higher Mtb load was associated with increased disease severity (Odds Ratio=1.59, p=0.001 for grade 1 versus grade 3), and increased CSF neutrophils (r=0.364, p<0.0001) and cytokine concentrations (r=0.438, p<0.0001). High Mtb load predicted new neurological events after starting treatment (Multinomial logistic regression, p=0.005), but not death. Death was previously associated with attenuated inflammatory response at the start of treatment, with reduced cytokine concentrations compared to survivors. In contrast, patients with high pre-treatment CSF bacterial loads, cytokines, and neutrophils were more likely to subsequently suffer neurological events. Conclusions Pre-treatment GeneXpert-derived Mtb load may be a useful predictor of neurological complications occurring during TBM treatment. Therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing neurological complications and deaths from TBM may need reassessment, given the evidence for their divergent pathogenesis

HT2003-47141 OPTIMAL DESIGN OF COMPACT HEAT EXCHANGERS BY AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK METHOD

ABSTRACT The artificial neural network (ANN) methods are introduced (mainly for calculation of thermal and hydraulic coefficients) into a computer-aided design code of compact heat exchangers (CCHE). CCHE integrates the optimization, database, and process drawing into a software package. In the code, a strategy is developed for the optimization of compact heat exchangers (CHEs), which is a problem with changeable objective functions and constraints. However, the applicability and/or accuracy of all these methods are limited by the availability of reliable data sets of the heat transfer coefficients ( j or Nu) and friction factors ( f ) for different finned geometries. In fact, due to expenses and difficulties in experiments, only a limited number of experiments has been carried out for some kinds of heat transfer surfaces. The information, therefore, is usually given by means of correlations. It is well known, however, that the errors in the predicted results by means of correlations are much larger than the measurement errors, being mainly due to the data reduction represented by them. This implies doubts on the optimal solutions. Fortunately, a well-trained network is capable of correlating the data with errors of the same order as the uncertainty of the measurements. This is the main reason for the present introduction of the ANN method to correlate the discrete experimental data sets into continuous formulas. In this study, the ANN method is used to formulate the complex relationship between the thermal and hydraulic coefficients and the other parameters, including the geometry and process data. A specific case on the optimal analysis of a plate-fin heat exchanger (PFH) is presented to show how the * Address all correspondence to this author. trained ANNs can be used for optimal design of heat exchangers. In addition, a case is presented to illustrate how an inverse heat transfer problem is solved by the optimization methodology developed in the present code

Intermittent exposure to traces of green leaf volatiles triggers a plant response

Plants are known to mount a defensive response when exposed to volatile chemicals from other plants, but the critical concentration required for this response is not known. We showed that intermittent exposure over a period of 3 weeks to trace amounts (less than 140 pptV) of green leaf volatiles emitted by a freshly damaged Arabidopsis plant induced physiological (defensive) responses in undamaged neighbouring plants. These results demonstrated that plants can respond to long-term repeated exposures to subcritical amounts of chemical signals