How Can Graduate Instructors Promote Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Their Courses?

In this chapter, readers will find Strategies to include Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion practices when designing the course syllabus. Considerations for fostering equity among students through the format and scoring of course assessments. Methods to include diverse cultures and contexts in course materials to increase representation. Strategies for promoting Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in various components of a course by graduate instructors who have different levels of course autonomy

Negotiating a Better Future: How Interpersonal Skills Facilitate Inter-generational Investment

Using a randomized control trial, we examine whether offering adolescent girls non-material resources -- specifically, negotiation skills -- can improve educational outcomes in a low-income country. In so doing, we provide the first evidence on the effects of an intervention that increased non-cognitive, interpersonal skills during adolescence. Long-run administrative data shows that negotiation training significantly improved educational outcomes over the next three years. The training had greater effects than two alternative treatments (offering girls a safe physical space with female mentors and offering girls information about the returns to education), suggesting that negotiation skills themselves drive the effect. Further evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment, which simulates parents\u27 educational investment decisions, and a midline survey suggests that negotiation skills improved girls\u27 outcomes by moving households\u27 human capital investments closer to the efficient frontier. This is consistent with an incomplete contracting model, where negotiation allows daughters to strategically cooperate with parents

PREVALENCE OF DYSMENORRHEA, EFFECTS ON THE ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING, AND THE PRACTICE OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (CAM) AMONG UNIMAS UNDERGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is a common medical condition among women of child-bearing age which affects womens’ Activity Daily Living. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) are commonly practiced to manage dysmenorrhea. Objective: This study aims to assess the effects of dysmenorrhea on Activity Daily Living (ADL) and the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among UNIMAS undergraduate nursing students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 134 UNIMAS undergraduate nursing students between April and May 2023. The study was conducted using a simple random sampling technique. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact Test was used to test the association between the variables. Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea among UNIMAS undergraduate nursing students was 71.6% with most of the participants (n= 134) reported moderate pain (58.2%). Daily chores activity (p= 0.022), sleep disturbance (p=0.026), socializing with peers (p= 0.001) and meal routine (p<0.001) were statistically significantly affected by dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea also had a significant impact on missing class (p= 0.022). The use of Paracetamol (p<0.001), Mefenamic Acid (p= 0.022), hot compress/ heating pads (p=0.001) and bed rest (p=0.008) were associated with dysmenorrhea. VI. Conclusions: The effect of dysmenorrhea on Activity Daily Living could be reduced. Hence, empowering the community on the use of other CAM modalities (exercising, massage, acupuncture & TENS) other than the common ones aid in reducing the symptoms of dysmenorrhea

Health Professional Perspectives on Rehabilitation for People With Dementia

© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. This author accepted manuscript is made available following 12 month embargo from date of publication (February 2019) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyMultidisciplinary rehabilitation is not incorporated into the usual care pathway for dementia despite increasing demand from key advocates. Clinician views regarding the relevance of rehabilitation in dementia care are not well known. This qualitative study explored the perspectives of health professionals regarding barriers to provision of multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs for people with dementia

"I decide myself"- A qualitative exploration of end of life decision making processes of patients and caregivers through Advance Care Planning

Background The Singapore national Advance Care Planning (ACP) programme was launched in 2011 with the purpose of ensuring that healthcare professionals are fully aware of patients’ treatment preferences. There is little research assessing the performance of such programmes in ethnically diverse Asian countries; hence, the purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine patients and caregivers’ experiences with the ACP programme. Method We conducted interviews with 28 participants, thirteen of whom identified as proxy decision makers (PDMs) and the remainder as patients. Interviews focused on respondents’ experiences of chronic illness and of participating in the ACP programme. Textual data was analysed through a framework analysis approach. Results Participants’ narratives focused on four major themes with 12 subthemes: a) Engagement with Death, factors influencing respondents’ acceptance of ACP; b) Formation of Preferences, the set of concerns influencing respondents’ choice of care; c) Choice of PDM, considerations shaping respondents’ choice of nominated health spokesperson; and d) Legacy Solidification, how ACP is used to ensure the welfare of the family after the patient passes. These findings led to our development of the directive decision-making process framework, which delineates personal and sociocultural factors influencing participants’ decision-making processes. Respondents’ continual participation in the intervention were driven by their personal belief system that acted as a lens through which they interpreted religious doctrine and socio-cultural norms according to their particular needs. Conclusion The directive decision-making process framework indicated that ACP could be appropriate for the Asian context because participants displayed an awareness of the need for ACP and were able to develop a concrete treatment plan. Patients in this study made decisions based on their perceived long-term legacy for their family, who they hoped to provide with a solid financial and psychological foundation after their death

Development of a Reliable Surgical Quality Assurance System for 2-stage Esophagectomy in Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective: The aim was to develop a reliable surgical quality assurance system for 2-stage esophagectomy. This development was conducted during the pilot phase of the multicenter ROMIO trial, collaborating with international experts. Summary of Background Data: There is evidence that the quality of surgical performance in randomized controlled trials influences clinical outcomes, quality of lymphadenectomy and loco-regional recurrence. Methods: Standardization of 2-stage esophagectomy was based on structured observations, semi-structured interviews, hierarchical task analysis, and a Delphi consensus process. This standardization provided the structure for the operation manual and video and photographic assessment tools. Reliability was examined using generalizability theory. Results: Hierarchical task analysis for 2-stage esophagectomy comprised fifty-four steps. Consensus (75%) agreement was reached on thirty-nine steps, whereas fifteen steps had a majority decision. An operation manual and record were created. A thirty five-item video assessment tool was developed that assessed the process (safety and efficiency) and quality of the end product (anatomy exposed and lymphadenectomy performed) of the operation. The quality of the end product section was used as a twenty seven-item photographic assessment tool. Thirty-one videos and fifty-three photographic series were submitted from the ROMIO pilot phase for assessment. The overall Gcoefficient for the video assessment tool was 0.744, and for the photographic assessment tool was 0.700. Conclusions: A reliable surgical quality assurance system for 2-stage esophagectomy has been developed for surgical oncology randomized controlled trials

Exploring How We Teach: Lived Experiences, Lessons, and Research about Graduate Instructors by Graduate Instructors

This book combines the knowledge of 30 graduate student instructors sharing about how they teach and how they’ve learned how to teach